摘要:

AbstractThe association between eye position and age is analysed in a material comprising 267 subjects aged 5–20 years and 187 aged 21–80. The study was prompted by a previous longitudinal finding of a 3 mm increase in exophthalmometry value from age of 10 to 18 years, and by a literature almost devoid of similar investigations in young age groups. The increase in Hertel value during growth could be confirmed. An adult mean value of 16.0 mm in females and 16.6 mm in males was achieved in late teen‐age years, the level being stable after that. The adult range was 11–23 mm. After a similar marked increase in the young, interpupillary distance and orbital width also showed some slight trends in adults. A suggested decrease in orbital width towards old age was consistent with a secular trend, while a concomitant increase in interpupillary distance was unexpected, the combined result being a more divergent (relative) eye position with age (P<0.01). There was no significant correlation between exophthalmometry and refractive value. Fixed upper Hertel value limits of normal are hard to give; clinically it is thechangesthat matter. Modelling of facial bony structures and soft tissue contours is di

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06958.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA cross‐sectional analysis was performed regarding refractive value (spherical equivalent) and keratometry in a sample comprising 454 subjects aged 5–80 years. The refractive range was +5.5 to ‐6.75D. According to the requirements of a parallel study of eye position and age, eyes with excessive ametropia had been excluded, but otherwise the sample was considered refractively unselected. Concerning refractive distribution, the present data supplement previous investigations of adults by the first author. Myopia increased from 6% in the age group 5–10 years to a peak level about 35% in adults aged 20–40, with a subsequent decrease towards old age, where hypermetropia showed a significantly increasing share. Concerning corneal curvature radius, male and female mean values (7.93 and 7.75 mm) showed no variation through the age span under study, however with a tendency of decreasing at old age (significantly in males only). The possible association with refractive change by age is discussed. Corneal astigmatism showed the established shift from predominantly with‐rule in the very young to more against‐rule and oblique astigmatism cases in o

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06959.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCentral corneal cell density was evaluated from photographs obtained by a clinical non‐contact specular microscope (Zeiss) in 48 patients at a mean post‐operative time of 7 1/2 months after penetrating keratoplasty for a number of different causes, keratoconus being the most frequent indication. Cell density decrease on this occasion was compared to pre‐operative data from the Eye Bank in Århus, Denmark, which supplied corneo‐scleral preparations transported by ferry and train to Linköping, Sweden. A mean decrease in cell density of 4.4% was recorded during bank time (11–27 days). A further mean decrease from final preparation to post‐operative photography of 36.5% was found. Mean total cell density decrease amounted to 39.4%, which compares well with results found in other studies. Among several factors studied, the only one associated with significantly (P<0.02) greater cell density decrease than other factors was long post‐mortal time periods (death to bank preparation). Mean final endothelial cell density was 1899 cells/mm2, which should correspond to a good functional reserve of donor endothelium. Neither the long bank time, nor the transportation seemed to be of major importance with respect to donor material quality. Foreign material supply can be a good solution to local c

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06960.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith the Haag‐Streit pachometer attached to a Haag‐Streit 900 slit‐lamp, 29 normal individuals were examined by repeated measurements on two separate days by the same observer. A statistical variance component model admitted three components of variance to be separated and estimated as SD: The biological day to day variation (0.006 mm), the variation attributed to the slit‐lamp adjustment (0.005 mm), and the variation derived from the adjustment of the pachometer (0.013 mm). Knowing these components an optimum practical procedure of examination can be esta

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06961.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLysozyme (ly) concentration in tears was measured the day before and the days following intracapsular cataract extraction in 25 patients. A median ly concentration of 1.30 mg/ml was found pre‐operatively. On the first post‐operative day a significant drop in the median ly concentration was observed (0.58 mg/ml). Thereafter a gradual rise towards pre‐operative level was found at the 12th post‐operative day. An inverse correlation existed between ly concentrations and Schirmer values during the observation period, and dilution thus seems to be an important cause of the post‐operative drop in ly concentration. We observed an inverse relationship between ly level, and the number (%) of patients displaying bacterial colonization of the conjunctival sac 24 h later. The most frequently isolated bacteria were staphylococcus albus and diphteroids. It is proposed that the drop in ly concentration post‐operatively may contribute to an increased risk of bacterial colonization of the eye post

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06962.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTear film flow and stability studies were carried out in patients suffering from herpes simplex keratitis and chronic blepharitis by performing Schirmer test I and tear film break‐up‐time (BUT) measurements. In herpes simplex keratitis the values of BUT were within normal limits. Values of Schirmer test I were significantly higher (t‐test,P<0.001) in these patients and are considered to be due to reflex hypersecretion of tears. Schirmer test I was found to be unaffected, whereas the values of BUT seen were significantly lower (t‐test,P<0.001) in patients suffering from chronic blepharitis. These lower values of BUT can perhaps be attributed to the altered resurfacing of precorneal tear film as a result of changes in the lid

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06963.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe anterior corneal surface temperature beneath a contact lens covering the cornea was determined from measurements of the average heat flow from the cornea to the atmosphere (efflux) in a group of 13 healthy young subjects. The average heat efflux was 1.1 times 10‐2cal.cm‐1.sec‐1. The mean corneal surface temperature of the same group was 34.5° for the open eye and 36.2° for the closed eye conditions. The anterior corneal surface temperature beneath a 0.07 mm thick hydrogel contact lens (40% water content) was found to be 34.6° (rise of 0.1°) and 34.9° (rise of 0.4°) beneath a 0.3 mm thick hydrogel contact lens (40% water content), using the measurement of corneal heat efflux and taking the contact lens to have a slight insulating effect. Contact lenses of higher water content caused a smaller rise in anterior corneal surface temperature than lenses of lower wa

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAngiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) was studied immunohistochemically in conjunctival biopsies from 6 patients with systemic sarcoidosis, 4 patients with posterior non‐sarcoid uveitis and in specimens from 4 patients with chalazion of the eyelid. Specimens with sarcoid granulomas showed intense ACE‐positive immunoreactivity in epitheloid cells of the granuloma, whereas chalazion granulomas did not contain ACE‐immunoreactivity. There was no difference in staining patterns between specimens without granulomas. Thus immuno‐histochemical staining for ACE may be of help in differentiating conjunctival granulomatous tissue of a chalazion from sarcoid

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06965.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo test the pathogenetic role of the phenotype MZ of α1‐antitrypsin/α1‐protease inhibitor (PI) in acute anterior uveitis (AAU) and in different rheumatic diseases we examined 360 unrelated patients including 93 with AAU alone, 24 patients with AAU and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), 21 patients with AAU and Reiter's disease (RD), 26 patients with AAU, AS, and RD 54 patients with AS alone, 16 patients with RD alone, 115 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) alone, and 11 patients with psoriatic arthritis (PA) alone. Of the 164 AAU patients, 80 had a single attack, and 84 had repeated episodes. There were neither significant differences between different groups of the patients and 120 healthy controls nor between patients with AAU alone and patients with AAU and AS or RD in the frequencies of the PI phenotypes tested. The results indicate that the PI MZ type is not closely associated with AAU, AS, RD, RA and PA and that it does not play any role in determining whether AAU shows a pattern of a single attack or repeated episodes, and whether AAU occurs alone or together with AS

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeven patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus were restored to near normoglycaemia by treatment with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pumps (CSII). The patients were examined with ophthalmoscopy, fundus photography and fluorescein angiography before and one year after the start of CSII treatment. In addition, ophthalmoscopy was performed after 6 months of treatment. All 14 eyes were normal prior to the CSII treatment and none had developed any signs of retinopathy after 6 months or 1 year. It is concluded that metabolic control can be near normalized with CSII treatment without any risk for development of diabetic microangiopathy in type 1 diabetics with normal eyes.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1986.tb06967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY