ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe report the frequency of troublesome diplopia in 17 patients (11 patients ≤ 21 years) who underwent surgical repair of traumatic orbital blowout fractures. Thirteen patients had primary surgery performed within 21 days of injury, 2 patients at 4 and 6 weeks and 2 cases at 6 and 24 months. The latter continues to complain of diplopia. Contrary to previous studies, we found that young patients were no more likely to suffer from symptomatic post‐operative residual diplopia than their adult counterpa

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01891.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe influence of 6 month's treatment of normal mice with chloroquine on neuroretina and retinal pigment epithelium has been investigated biochemically and morphologically. All classes of neuroretinal phospholipids, except lysophosphatidylcholine, showed increased14C‐glucose incorporation after chloroquine treatment. No metabolic changes were observed in the pigment epithelium after the chloroquine treatment. Morphological signs of phospholipidosis were only evident in the ganglion cells of the neuroretina. It is concluded that long‐term treatment with chloroquine does not affect pigment epithelium phospholipid metabolism but leads to morphological and biochemical signs of phospholipidosis in the neuroret

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01892.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBetween August 1, 1982, and December 31, 1988, 487 patients with clinically established or suspected diagnosis of a hereditary degenerative or dystrophic disorder of the ocular fundus or of a disorder of the optic pathways were evaluated with an extensive set of clinical and electrophysiological tests, 67% of the patients were referred from other eye departments. In order of magnitude the most frequently encountered diagnoses were: 1) ‘functional’ disturbances (18%), 2) disorders of the optic nerve (9%), 3) retinitis pigmentosa (8%), 4), 5) and 6) progressive cone dystrophy, disorders of the central optic pathways, and fundus flavimaculatus/Stargardt's disease (5% each), and 7) choriocapillaris atrophy (4%). Choriocapillaris atrophy affected older patients than retinitis pigmentosa (P<0.001). A male preponderance was observed for juvenile retinoschisis (P<0.005) and congenital stationary night blindness (P<0.05), and a female dominance in the group of patients with ‘functional’ symptoms (P<0.01). A specific diagnosis was established in 469 patients. After exclusion of 16 patients referred because of a known hereditary disposition, 196 (43%) of the remaining 453 patients were referred under the same diagnosis as our final diagnosis, 153 (34%) under a different diagnosis and 104 (23%) without any clear diagnosis. Obviously, there is a need for regional centers specialized in these di

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01893.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFour families with X‐chromosome linked retinitis pigmentosa (14 patients, 14 carriers and 11 normal relatives) were investigated with full‐field ERG with computer averaging and an electronic narrow bandpass filter. Reliable ERGs were obtained with 30 Hz flickering white light from 13 out of 14 patients with the disease, all severely affected. Further, B‐wave implicit times were found to be more informative than B‐wave amplitudes for identifying carriers of the disease. Full‐field ERG appears to be a valuable tool for studying X‐chromosome linked retinitis pigmentosa families, when necessary supported with computer averaging and a narrow band

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01894.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new simple glare test was designed and evaluated regarding clinical usefulness and reproducibility. The ability to recognize letters of equal size and varying contrast was determined with the absence and presence of glare sources above and below the letters. Ten patients with cataract, visual acuity of at least 0.3 and glare problems, and three age matched controls were tested, as well as one patient with glare complaints and exophoria, one with lens subluxation and one with cataract and no glare problem. The test was found to be cheap and simple to produce and useful for clinical testing. Normal eyes had no detectable reduction of letter contrast sensibility with glare. All cataractous eyes had a letter contrast sensivitity without glare that was well below that of the controls and under glare conditions they all had a drop in visual function that was unrelated to their visual acuity. The reproducibility was of a magnitude similar to that of other low contrast letter tests. Our conclusion is that this test will be a valuable tool in the evaluation of cataract patients providing information not only about glare‐induced visual loss but also about contrast sensitivity, separating eyes with increased intraocular light scattering from normal eye

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01895.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe surgical management of cataract in patients with chronic posterior uveitis is described. Of 41 eyes, 88% acquired improvement of the visual acuity 4 months postoperatively, which then remained stable in most of the cases during a follow‐up of one year. The type of cataract extraction, extracapsular or intracapsular, did not influence these results, nor did the implantation of an intraocular lens. Recurrence of the uveitis occurred in about one third of the cases. Postoperative complications consisted of macular edema, retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhag

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01896.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe response of retinal arteries and veins to 3 months of antihypertensive medication was studied in 10 patients (39–56 years old) with essential hypertension. We used computerized microdensitometry on fundus photographs, a technique allowing for objective and simultanous measures of the caliber of blood columns and the width and intensity of their central ‘light reflex’. A moderate lowering of diastolic and systolic blood pressures (P<0.001) resulted in a significant reduction in the intensity of reflection from retinal arteries (38.6%;P<0.005). An increase in the width of the blood column (2.8%; n.s.) and the reflex (8.6%; n.s.) was indicated. Traditionally, changes in light reflectivity has been associated with arteriosclerosis of the vessel wall. The study shows, however, that the vascular reflex is most sensitive to changes in the systemic blood pressure. This signals a need for critical reviewal of interpretation and usefullness of classical grading systems of ophthalmoscopic signs of hypertensive retino

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01897.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo emphasize the unknown visual impairment of age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) — defined as macular changes causing a visual acuity of 6/9 or less — an epidemiological study was designed including 1000 age stratified and randomly selected Danes, 60–80 years of age. Among the 924 individuals in whom both maculae could be examined (1848 eyes) a total number of 173 AMD eyes was found in 112 persons. For all AMD eyes, the composition of visual loss can be described as an iceberg with minor visual impairment of 6/9–6/12 as the predominant base (71.7%), partial impairment of 6/18–6/36 as an interjacent area (15.0%) and major impairment of 6/60 or less (i.e. blindness) as the top (13.3%). By use of a logistric regression model the proportion of exudative macular degeneration among all AMD eyes (atrophic + exudative) was demonstrated to be significantly increasing with decreasing visual acuity but unrelated to age. The prevalence rates of AMD were age related in each of the visual subgroups of minor, partial and major impaired eyes. The prevalence rates of social blindness (6/60 or less in both eyes) due to AMD are estimated to be 4.3 per 1000 persons and of monocular blindness 16.2 per 1000. Further calculations suggest that about 90 000 out of 870 000 Danes, 60–80 years old, have visual impairment of 6/9 or less caused by AMD in one

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01898.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEffects of 13 different yellow, orange and red (Schott) longpass filter glasses on the extrafoveal thresholds obtained by 3 normal subjects after dark‐adaptation were measured using a Goldman‐Weekers adaptometer. When filters GG400, GG420, GG435, GG455, GG475, GG495, OG515 and OG530 (cutting off radiation up to 527 nm) were used there was no significant change in the threshold value. However, significantly higher threshold values were obtained with the use of the filters OG 550, OG 570, OG 590, RG 610 and RG

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1990.tb01899.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY