摘要:

Within a 4‐year period 6 eyes with a macular hole and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (1.7% of all rhegmatogenous detachments) were operated on. In 2 eyes no other retinal tears were found, 4 eyes showed additional peripheral tears. Three eyes were myopic (‐3.75 to ‐9.0 D) and one was aphakic. All but one eye were encircled, 3 eyes had a peripheral radial plomb and another 3 had a macular sling procedure using a silastic sponge explant in addition. Cryotherapy was applied on the macular hole in one eye and photocoagulation in one eye. In 5 of the 6 cases the retina reattached. The silastic sponge sling resulted in shallow indentation and caused little distortion at the macula. Coagulation of the macular hole seemed to be unnece

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01431.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Effects of befunolol and other beta‐blocking agents on the phagocytosis of cultured retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE cells) from the chick embryo were investigated. Toxicity was evaluated as an ability of RPE cell phagocytosis of polystylene latex spheres (PS). After an incubation with beta‐blockers, PS was added to the medium. The phagocytic reaction was terminated, and particle numbers in RPE cells were counted under an oil immersion microscope. Incubation with befunolol in a range of concentration of 10‐9‐ 10‐3M resulted in a time‐ and dose‐dependent inhibition of phagocytosis. Incubation with 10‐6M befunolol inhibited phagocytic activity down to 60% of control. The same mode of action was observed in other beta‐blockers. The inhibitory effect of befunolol at 10‐4M or lower concentrations was reversible, while incubation with 10‐3M for

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01432.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prospective long‐term study on the predictive value of nyctometry in the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus is in progress. Sixty‐one patients participated. At a follow‐up 3 years after the initial investigation, none of the patients initially showing results above the lower normal limit had developed proliferative retinopathy, whereas 6 out of 16 eyes initially displaying reduced values of nyctometry had advanced into proliferative retinopathy. It is concluded that nyctometry is valuable as an easily performed screening method in selecting those at risk of developing proliferative retinopathy within a fe

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study attempts to demonstrate cellular reactivity in cases of uveitis. Lymphocyte AMPase activity was measured in 59 patients with uveitis of different types, all in the active stage. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 1) anterior uveitis with known disease, 2) anterior uveitis with unknown aetiology, and 3) posterior uveitis. The AMPase activity in peripheral lymphocytes from uveitis patients with known disease (group 1) was significantly decreased in comparison to lymphocytes from controls. Patients having endogenous uveitis (unknown aetiology, group 2) showed heterogeneity concerning their enzyme activity, and no significant changes were demonstrated. A subpopulation of patients with very low AMPase activity in the active stage of their disease could be defined. Patients with posterior uveitis showed no change in their lymphocyte AMPase activity. B‐cells were also counted in cell suspension to verify that there was no selective change in the B‐cells. Cell suspensions from patients with low and normal AMPase activities were studied by the electron microscope and found to have similar proportions of different types of mononuclear cells. Enzyme deficiencies in lymphocytes were associated with immunological disorders and would reflect dysfunction of lymphocytes. The heterogenous results from patients with endogenous uveitis were interpreted as showing cellular reactivity to ocular damage caused by a variety of mechani

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01434.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Addition of increased amounts of serum and a protein (peroxidase from horseradish) to the culture medium caused structural alterations in previously confluent cultures composed of cells from the human retinal pigment epithelium and choroid. The alterations consisted in the formation of bi‐ and multi‐layered strands, plaques and nodular structures and in the detachment of cells with formation of nude areas. These alterations resemble the frequently observed reactive alterations at the chorio‐retinal junction in eyes with inflammation, trauma, retinal detachment and certain degenerative disease processes as the senile disciform macula degener

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01435.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A controlled clinical study with random allocation of method of rehabilitation (lens implant or contact lenses) was designed for comparative outcome assessments. Sixty‐one patients were included in the study: 31 patients randomized to lens implantation and 30 patients to extended‐wear contact lens rehabilitation with early post‐operative fitting. Complication rates were low in both groups with slight accumulation of intraocular complications in the implant group and of external complications in the contact lens group. We found no significant differences between the groups in final visual acuity, in vision dependent practical functioning, or in patients' contentment.Two main points summarize our results and impressions from this study: At the expense of a slightly higher risk the lens implant patients get the most convenient and comfortable rehabilitation and at the expense of frequent visits for follow‐up and lens cleaning the contact lens patients get the safest rehabilitation. The patient offered contact lens rehabilitation should be capable of alert cooperation, fairly mobile and living within easy access to ophthalmic service, while the patient offered lens implant does not need to fulfill these c

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01436.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A total of 55 cataract extractions were performed on 53 patients aged 90 years or more in the period 1972 to 1982. Assessment of the outcome was based on data from hospital records and on questionnaires to the patient's ophthalmologist and general practitioner. Cataract surgery had improved visual acuity in 42 patients. Only 25 patients (47%) could, however, utilize the improved visual acuity, and obtain some practical benefit from the cataract extraction. Thus, the benefits of cataract surgery seem to be reduced in this age group. The reasons appear to be a high frequency of severe macula degeneration, some degree of senility hindering the adaption to aphakic spectacles, and a somewhat higher frequency of per‐ and post‐operative complications. This suggests that indications for cataract surgery in very old patients should be limited, at least if rehabilitation with aphakic spectacles is planned. An earlier surgical intervention would probably have been advantageous in the majority of these patie

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01437.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A large data source was examined to determine age and sex specific cataract extraction rates in different counties and urbanization areas in Denmark. Significant regional variation in surgical rates could be demonstrated in spite of a comprehensive Public Health Service System. When comparing rates in different urbanization areas and in towns with and without ophthalmologists, we found the lowest surgical rates in areas or towns short of ophthalmic service. However, a direct correlation could not be found between standard operation ratio and ophthalmic surgeon/ophthalmic bed supply on county level. The reason might be that cataract extraction rates are influenced by a number of other factors, as cataract extraction has become an elective surgical procedure.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01438.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A Danish data source was examined to determine age and sex specific rates of diabetes and glaucoma in a large cataract extracted population. Comparisons with population rates were done. An excess prevalence of diabetes in the cataract population below 70 years was found. For cataract extracted males and females below the age of 40 years, the diabetes prevalence was 15 to 25 times the prevalence in a general population. This prevalence excess decreases with age to normal levels at 75 years of age. Furthermore, we found higher relative frequencies of diabetes among cataract extracted females than among males. Mean age at time of surgery was significantly lower for the diabetic cataract patients. Also for primary glaucoma, an excess prevalence was found in the cataract population. For cataract extracted males and females aged 40 to 49 years the glaucoma frequency was 4–5 times the frequency in a general population. This excess relative frequency decreases with age. The glaucomatous cataract patients have a higher mean age at the time of cataract surgery. A large number of factors seems to contribute to the excess frequencies of diabetes and glaucoma found in the cataract extracted populatio

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01439.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Vision defects due to myopia typically appear during the school years. The comprehensive surveillance system of vision impairments in school children (ages 7 to 15 years) in the township of Kuopio, Finland (pop. 74 200) offers an opportunity to study the incidence of school myopia. In the school year 1980‐81 out of 9635 school children 1383 (14%) had eye problems and were referred to the Community Health Center ophthalmologist (the author) for examination. Of the children who came for the first time to an eye examination 252 were found myopic. This gives an incidence of 2.6% per year. The incidence in different age groups as well as for boys and girls was caluclated. From the cumulative prevalences it was estimated that about 23% of the school children would be myopic at the age of 15 year

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01440.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY