摘要:

Four cases of diabetes are reported in which there was no ophthalmoscopic evidence of retinopathy and diabetes remained obscure until fluorescein angiography disclosed signs of retinopathy and multiple microaneurysms. The diagnosis of latent diabetes was made in three of these patients whose fasting blood sugar was normal but the glucose tolerance test was abnormal; in the fourth patient, whose fasting blood sugar and glucose tolerance test were abnormal, the diagnosis of manifest diabetes was made.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00350.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Temperature within irradiated retinal vessels is calculated on the basis of a relatively simple heat transfer model. Two mechanisms of heating are considered, on the one hand by direct absorption of radiation, on the other by conduction from the pigment epithelium which is heated by irradiation. The effects of the high‐pressure xenon are lamp and the argon ion laser are compared, and cooling by blood flow is taken into account. Since the irradiation time as used in practical vessel occlusion technique is long compared with the relaxation time of both conduction and convection losses, the resulting temperature is roughly that of the steady state. Whereas for clear preretinal media it should theoretically be possible to reach temperatures near the boiling point for practically all vessels with the argon laser, even at high values of blood velocity, such temperatures are obtainable with the xenon are lamp only for intra‐ and epiretinal vessels. Of intravitreal vessels relatively far from the pigment epithelium, only big ones with slow flow will respond satisfactorily. It should, however, be noted that vessel occlusion can by no means be predicted in terms of temperature al

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00351.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The obstruction of glass capillaries perfused with citrated blood by irradiation with intense light has been performed in order to simulate photocoagulation of retinal vessels under greatly simplified conditions. Flow velocities were varied between 0.5 and 5 cm sec‐1and temperature and change of flow velocity were studied for irradiations which were followed by occlusive and non‐occlusive events. The experiments indicate that irradiation‐induced temperature rise interferes strongly with blood rheology when blood temperatures of about 60°C are approached. For flow velocities below 2.5 cm sec‐1, the minimum temperature leading to vessel obstruction was found to be 60°C, whereas for higher flow velocities this minimum thrombus inducing temperature rises rapidly. The rheological events leading to thrombus formation are complex, as evidenced by the flow velocity and temperature changes recorded during ir

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00352.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The authors report the experience of so‐called penalization methods (optic and drug inhibition and favouring) in the treatment of squint amblyopia in a material of 23 children who had proved resistant to conventional occlusion therapy of a mean duration of 8 months. The ineffective occlusion therapy had been performed continuously in three and periodically in 20 of the patients. The mean age of the patients was 5 years, and the mean duration of squinting was 4 years before penalization therapy was instituted.The unsuccessful occlusion was done by adhesive tape and in the majority of cases was given up by the patients and parents; in only three cases was it the doctor or orthoptist who decided to abandon the procedure. In our Clinic, occlusion therapy is rarely given up by the patient or the parents, so the present group represents exceptional cases.In 17 of the 23 patients a considerable visual gain was obtained, the mean visual acuity in the amblyopic eye increasing from 6/24 to>6/9. Visual improvement was not obtained in patients in whom conventional occlusion therapy had been carried out correctly and permanently for a long time before being given up. The penalization therapy lasted for an average of 10 months and was easy to carry through (only three patients gave up

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00353.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The foveal thresholds for red, green, and blue colours of twelve patients with tobacco amblyopia and twelve age‐matched normal controls were measured with the Tübinger perimeter. The difference in foveal thresholds between the patients and controls was highly significant for red (t = 17.35,P0.05). The difference in thresholds between patients and controls for red was significantly greater than that for green and blue. The difference in threshold between patients and controls for green did not differ significantly from that for blue. Thus in tobacco amblyopia the foveal sensitivity to red was far more reduced than for the green or bl

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00354.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Retinal haemorrhages were studied in a consecutive series of 99 babies delivered by forceps, 94 delivered by vacuum extractor and 207 delivered spontaneously.The incidence of haemorrhages for spontaneously delivered was 27.5%, for those delivered by forceps 38%, and for those delivered by vacuum extractor 64%. The incidence of haemorrhages in the group of vacuum extractions was significantly higher than among either the group of forceps extractions or the spontaneous deliveries. In addition, more severe haemorrhages were found in the group of vacuum extractions. Influence on the incidence of haemorrhages by factors other than type of delivery could not be verified statistically.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Green monkey kidney (GMK) cells were inoculated with vaccinia or herpes simplex virus, and the effect of photodynamic treatment with proflavine and light was studied in the electron microscope. Whereas virions were abundant in all untreated cultures (incubated with virus for 15 hours or more), no virus particles could be found in the treated ones. Proflavine and light, in the amounts used, seemed to exert a certain degree of toxicity on the GMK cell cultures, but virus reproduction was effectively stopped by the treatment. Preliminary results on photodynamic treatment of human herpes keratitis are mentioned.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00356.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A scleral plaque is a transparent, superficial, well‐defined scleral area covering a normal, white, scleral layer. The subjacent uvea and the superjacent conjunctiva are normal. The plaque is situated in front of an eye muscle attachment.An investigation comprising 1,086 subjects showed a scleral plaque to be a very frequent phenomenon in elderly persons (3% aged 60, 10% aged 70 and 25% aged 80 or more).Plaques are vertically oval (65%) or circular (27%). Other shapes are rare. They average 2.72 times 1.47 mm in size (the largest one found measured 12.0 times 6.0 mm). Mean distance from the limbus corneae, 3.26 mm. The plaque increases in size and the distance consequently decreases with increasing age. Plaques are usually situated mesially (68%) and less frequently laterally (19%) or in front of any of the four horizontal muscular attachments (13%). In the series under review no plaques were found on the vertical muscles.A possible relationship between plaques and arcus senilis, cataract, corneal thickness, sex incidence and symptomatology is discusse

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00357.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Loading of the eye with a small weight (2.5 g) for 1–3 min caused a depression of the IOP of about 2 to 3 mmHg. The pressure in recipient veins likewise decreased to a similar extent. The pressure in the conjunctival vessels increased. These effects were also observed contralaterall

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00358.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In nine out of eleven cases of carotid occlusive disease the decrease of IOP on repeated applanation measurements was found to be less in the eye on the same side as the carotid obstruction than in the contralateral eye. The results indicate that if there is to be a normal decrease of IOP the blood pressure must be maintained in the ophthalmic artery.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1974.tb00359.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY