摘要:

Macular functions were studied in patients recovering after surgery for retinal detachment involving the macula. Central vision was assessed by visual acuity, grating acuity, metamorphopsia, and contrast sensitivity tests from 5 months up to 3 years post‐operatively. Impairment of contrast sensitivity was generally observed at high and intermediate spatial frequencies as compared to agematched controls. In 2 cases, both with low visual acuity, an attenuation was also found at low spatial frequencies. Reductions of visual and grating acuity were closely related indicating that the test target for acuity determination is of minor importance in evaluating recovery in retinal detachments. The majority of the patients studied had different degrees of metamorphopsia. The reduction of the contrast sensitivity at intermediate spatial frequencies corresponded to the reduction in acuity. Our study thus presents no evidence for a selective vulnerability of specific contrast channels unrelated to acuity los

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02975.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 20 diabetic patients with normal intraocular pressures (IOP) the effect of monocular panretinal xenon photocoagulation on intraocular pressure pulse amplitudes (IOPA) was recorded with the applanating suction cup applied bilaterally. One month after the treatment the photocoagulated eye showed an average decrease in IOPA of 32% which was statistically significant when compared to the untreated fellow eye. The decrease was greater than expected from the simultaneous fall in IOP, this indicated that the photocoagulations affected the vascularity of the choroid. The ocular rigidity was unchanged.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02976.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Thirty‐one children with amblyopia were treated with CAM vision stimulation. Twenty‐one of them had previously been treated with conventional methods but failed to improve further. The conventional therapy was continued during and after CAM. Grating stimulation was the first treatment attempted for the rest of the children. Most children in both groups showed improved distance visual acuity after CAM‐treatment and no one suffered a loss. The average visual acuity improvement was the same in both groups of children and did not vary with age. The improvement amounted to about 50% of the visual acuity before CAM, irrespective of the pre‐treatment acuity level. We conclude that CAM‐stimulation can be useful in cases where occlusion or other amblyopia treatment has failed, but that some form of treatment must be continued if visual acuity is to be maintained after the CAM‐treat

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02977.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ocular function of 14 non‐alcoholic, highly icteric patients with recent occlusion of the common bile duct and 3 patients with viral hepatitis with a cholestatic pattern was studied. By means of a colour vision test panel including the Farnsworth‐Munsell 100‐hue test, 12 patients were initially classified as colour defective with a pattern of acquired colour vision deficiency (ACVD), predominantly of a tritan type. Visual acuity, visual field, slit lamp microscopy, intraocular pressure, ophthalmoscopy and tear secretion tests were normal, and all patients had normal levels of serum vitamin A. Retesting of 4 initially colour defective patients after disappearance of the obstructive jaundice showed a complete normalisation of the ACVD's. It is concluded, that the colour perception in patients with obstructive jaundice is related to the serum bilirubin level, and not to a deficiency of vita

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02978.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An Index for measuring Visual Functioning on the basis of self‐assessment is presented and evaluated clinically and statistically. The construct validity and the reliability are shown to be sufficient. The ‘Visual Functioning Index’ has been applied to a group of cataract patients. In bilateral cataract patients visual functioning is, of course, correlated to visual acuity in the best eye, but this correlation is not straight forward. So, for the assessment of visual impairment both visual acuity and visual functioning must be measured. Application of the Index to a group of monaphakic cataract patients indicates a good improvement of visual function obtained even by first cataract extraction. Ideally cataract surgery should be performed before the total visual functioning and social integration is severely damaged. On this basis about 20% of the patients in this study should have been operated at an earlier stage, which among other things suggests a need for additional surgical cap

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02979.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A change in the indications for cataract surgery might be one of the many reasons for the steady increasing number of cataract extractions. A comparison between the indications for surgery in a group of cataract patients from 1970 and a similar group from 1980 was done. In bilateral cataracts, evaluated on basis of visual acuity in both eyes, no widening of the indications for cataract surgery could be found. In monaphakics, going to be operated on the second eye, visual acuity in both eyes revealed no change, but we do operate more second eye cataracts now, 41% against 25% in 1970, which means that monaphakia is in itself considered a stronger indication for surgery in the second eye than it was 10 years ago. Acknowledgment of the difficulties of being monaphakic, refinements of extraction techniques and increased requirements for better vision among the elderly population might explain this altered attitude towards monaphakia.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02980.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Sixty‐five eyes of 63 patients with increased intraocular pressure which was resistant to medical therapy were treated with argon laser and were then followed up for 3–12 months. From 70 to 110 burns were directed for 360° around the chamber angle into or immediately posterior to the pigmented trabecular band. The power settings used were 1200–2200 mW, exposure time 0.1 seconds and beam diameter 50μ. There was exfoliation syndrome in 35 eyes. Post‐laser control of the intraocular pressure was achieved in 31 of these eyes. The average decrease in intraocular pressure was about 40%. Thirty eyes were without exfoliation syndrome. Twenty‐six were controlled post‐laser. The average intraocular pressure decreased by about 35%. The outflow measured tonographically improved in both groups. The final pressure drop did not emerge in some of the patients until several weeks after the laser therapy. The treatment caused no essential

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02981.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two patients with post‐operative adhesions between the iris and cornea are presented. The term of anterior pupillary block is suggested, and its clinical picture is described. The irido‐corneal adherences appeared to be the trigger mechanism of the intraocular pressure rise and deepening of the posterior chamber. The tension was fully controlled following the rupture of these adherences. The beneficial result of a simple procedure of posterior chamber tap is mentio

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02982.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Bilateral recordings with the applanating suction cup tonograph on eyes of 85 persons with and without glaucoma show that the intraocular pressure pulse amplitudes (IOPA) increase in size with the intraocular pressure (IOP) from an average of 1.85 mmHg at 12 mmHg IOP to 4.8 mmHg at 37 mmHg IOP. This relation resembles the one found between IOP increments and IOP by the injection of 157 equal volumes of saline into 10 eyes of human cadavers. The resemblance indicates that the IOPA versus IOP relation of the live eyes in all essentials is explained by systolic net equal‐volume inputs of blood into eyes with elastic proporties determined by the cornea and sclera. – IOPA are of equal size in eyes with and without glaucomatous cups and visual field defects. Since IOPA are produced mainly by volume changes in the choroid, it is concluded that the choroid is not among the tissues undergoing a general pressure atrophy in glaucoma (cases of absolute glaucoma were not studi

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02983.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Optic disc stereophotographs and clinical data of 94 patients with uniocular disc haemorrhage were analyzed at the time the haemorrhage was present. Comparison of haemorrhagic eyes with their fellow eyes showed that such patients do not form a separate disease entity but rather present a group of patients with different types of bilateral open‐angle glaucoma or suspected glaucoma in various stages of the disease progression. By multivariate analysis, notching of the neural rim was the most effective factor to increase probability of bleeding in contrast to presence of capsular glaucoma which increased probability of an eye belonging to the non‐haemorrhagic group of e

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1981.tb02984.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY