摘要:

Abstract.A 2 mm perforating cut was made in the central part of 28 rabbit corneas. The corneas were then kept in organ culture from 3 h to 21 days. The healing process was studied by light microscopy and by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The swelling of the corneal stroma adjacent to the wound created contact between the opposing wound edges within 3 h. Epithelial and endothelial cell migration into the wound was observed after 23 h. Penetration of cells through the perforation was avoided because the opposing wound edges were touching each other, thereby creating contact inhibition of cell proliferation. Cell cover of both the anterior and the posterior surface was completed within 3 days.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08503.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The primate cornea was exposed to 300 nm UVR with five levels of radiant exposure from 0.08 to 0.6 Jcm−2. All cellular layers of the cornea were damaged at the 0.08 Jcm−2exposure, and damage became more severe as the exposure level was increased. The corneal cells showed variable response in that essentially normal cells were found among damaged cells. Eight days post‐exposure using the 0.6 Jcm−2level, the epithelium had regained its normal thickness and was populated largely by normal appearing cells; however, the stroma showed damaged keratocytes and the loss of keratocytes. The corneal basement membranes (the epithelial basement membrane and the posterior limiting lamina) and the anterior limiting lamina were not damaged at any exposure level except for an isolated area along the epithelial basement membrane in one cornea. Therefore, one is lead to conclude that basement membranes are unaffected by UVR. The endothelium continued to demonstrate the loss of mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and some vacuoles at 8 days after exposure. However, the endothelium appeared to have resumed its physiological function as demonstrated by the reduced stromal oedema. This research gives the first complete description of UV‐B induced corneal damage and repair of the full, in‐depth cornea of the primate u

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08504.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Ten healthy young persons wearing yellow filter glasses were examined with the Farnsworth‐Munsell 100‐hue test using a Macbeth daylight illuminator. Results obtained with (Schott) filters GG 400, GG 420, GG 435 and GG 455 were within normal limits. Using filters GG 475, GG 495 and OG 515 the mean total error score was 123.9, 203.8 and 226.9, respectively, and the test diagram showed a tritan error axis. Illumination of the Macbeth daylight illuminator measured without filters was 1800 lux. Using yellow filters the illumination varied from 1650 to 1500

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08505.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Recently, it has been shown that UV keratitis is more serious than previously thought because it is not limited to the corneal epithelium but also involves the stroma and the endothelium. It is, therefore, very important to avoid ultraviolet radiation (UVR) damage, and the purpose of the present study was to examine the ability of a UV absorbing hydrogel lens to filter such wavelengths. Ultrastructural observations of rabbit corneas showed that a regular soft (Vistamarc normal) contact lens offered no protection, and since wearing one adds stress to the cornea it seems possible that the cornea may be more vulnerable to UVR trauma. A UV absorbing soft contact lens (Vistakon UV‐BLOC) provided complete protection to all corneal layers. Subepithelial nerve fibres in the traumatized corneas were mostly of normal morphology and may explain why UV keratitis is a very painful experience. It was concluded that a UV absorbing soft contact lenses with acceptable clinical performance may be prescribed on a routine basi

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08506.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Rabbits (n = 11) were fitted with large PMMA lenses to completely occlude the cornea and the anterior chamber lactate measured. The corneal epithelium was examined by light microscopy. The time period was 12 h. The results were compared with other authors' finding. There was a similarity of findings. The levels of lactate were found to have increased and the epithelium though edematous not stripped off. An individual response appeared to be the reason for the large variation in the individual findings.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08507.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Thirty‐six corneal transplantations employing banked donor material maintained during prolonged storage (mean: 29.5 days) in organ culture at 31°C were followed for 5 years. The overall graft survival was 80%, and graft failures were almost exclusively found in a pre‐operatively defined risk group where the survival rate was 49.6% compared with 95.5% in the non‐risk group. Five years after transplantation the mean central thickness of surviving grafts was 0.52 mm and the mean endothelial cell density 862 cells/mm2. All grafts were optically clear judged by slit‐lamp appearance even though a higher degree of ligt‐scatter was demonstrated compared with controls. The functional results were satisfactory with an over‐all mean visual acuity of 0.67 cc. Excluding cases where low visual performance had non‐corneal causes, 88% of patients obtained 0.5 cc or better. The median spherical equivalent of corneal curvature was 8.23 mm and the median astigmatism 4 diopters. Intraocular pressure was normal, and all grafts had obtained some degree of sensibility, although reduced compared with controls. The study demonstrates that banked donor material can be successfully employed for corneal transplantation achieving favourable lon

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08508.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Tear film flow and stability studies were carried out in patients suffering from chronic dacryocystitis by performing Schirmer test‐I and tear film break‐up‐time (BUT) measurements. The results of Schirmer's test corroborated the theory that a reduced out flow of tears causes a compensatory reduced tear secretion. The results of break‐up‐time confirm the fact that BUT is independent of outflow of tears in patients with

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08509.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Tear film flow and stability studies were carried out in patients suffering from acute and chronic conjunctivitis by performing Schirmer test‐I and breakup‐time (BUT) measurements. In this clinical study, patients with chronic conjunctival inflammation demonstrated a premature break‐up of tear film despite normal amounts of aqueous tears. In acute catarrhal conjunctivitis the values of BUT were within normal limits, whereas the values of Schirmer test‐I were significantly higher (t‐test,P<0.001) and are considered to be due to reflex hypersecretion

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08510.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.With the use of a micropolarographic system, the effects of a series of isopropyl alcohol concentrations on oxygen uptake by the corneal epithelium of the rabbit were measured in vivo. Based on an exposure period of 10 sec, followed by a saline rinse, concentrations of greater than 31% were found to cause an abrupt and severe decline in oxygen uptake, with oxygen flux responses associated with 44% and greater being indistinguishable 60 min later from those of an epithelially denuded cornea. Initial flux variations, e.g. a mild depression at 24% and a mild elevation at just under 31%, were still evident 1 h following exposure. A slope model for estimating that concentration, the aerobic reduction dosage, which would reduce the oxygen flux activity of the epithelium to half, called here the ARD50, was found for this exposure time to be 37%. That estimate is in very close agreement with measured responses. A susceptibility ratio (SR), for comparing the relative toxicities of different agents based on the quotient of their ARD50values, was calculated here for sodium hydroxide and isopropyl alcohol, and found to be 50:1.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08511.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Essential blepharospasm is an involuntary spasmodic closure of the eyelids. It frequently makes normal social human life such as reading, driving and even walking almost impossible. Botulinum toxin has been approved for investigational use for treatment of blepharospasm. We report the results and side‐effects of botulinum A toxin treatment of the first 13 patients in Finland. Temporary control of spasms was achieved in all patients varying from 1 to 38 weeks with a mean of 11 weeks after the first injection. Most patients needed re‐treatment after varying intervals. All complications were transi

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1987.tb08512.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY