摘要:

In recent studies other investigators have presented traces of “light scattering” versus depth into the cornea. The present investigation demonstrates that these traces do not measure the actual light scatter intensity and that a proper interpretation of such traces shows that most of the scattering is from within the str

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 499 patients operated on for cataract, the clinical postoperative signs of extraocular inflammation (conjunctival hyperaemia, chemosis, discharge and oedema of the lids), the number of infiltrates around the corneoscleral sutures, and the severity of intraocular inflammation in the anterior chamber (aqueous‐flare) were assessed on the fourth postoperative day and correlated with the bacterial conjunctival flora examined both qualitatively and quantitatively on the same day. Patients with potential pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, gram‐negative bacilli and streptococci) on the conjunctiva following operation did not show any increased inflammatory reactions when compared with those without such pathogens. The quantity of bacteria, i. e. number of colonies, did not appear to play a role. The reasons are discussed.The clinical postoperative inflammatoy signs were further correlated with the following factors: surgical complications, quality of suturing technique, use of alpha chymotrypsin, systemic disease, sex and age. A positive correlation was found between the severity of extraocular inflammation and retained lens material and hyphaema. Furthermore, extraocular reactions were more severe in males than females. The incidence of infiltrates around corneoscleral sutures was found to vary with age, i. e. occurred more frequently in patients<60 years. No relationship was found between the severity of aqueous‐flare and the above mentioned fa

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relation between differences in elevation of the fundus oculi and differences in refraction is influenced by the length of the optical axis of the eye. This influence is important when measurements are performed by accurate modern methods.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01256.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Central corneal thickness was measured optically in premature and full‐term babies, and in children. The thickness was found to decrease from the values found in premature and full‐term babies to those found in small children aged between 2–4 years. The thickness of the adult cornea is reached at the age of about 3 years.These findings are discussed with respect to the possible role of corneal thickness as a biometric parameter, to intraocular pressure measurement, and to corneal thickness steady state regul

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01257.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effect of propranolol (Inderal®) on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma has been measured. Twenty‐two patients completed the clinical trial. Propranolol in doses of 160 mg/d effectively lowered IOP in eyes with various types of open angle glaucoma. The test periods lasted from 4 to 6 days. The ocular hypotensive effect of propranolol was also registered in patients efficiently treated with pilocarpine and acetazolamide (Diamox®), and in glaucomas not satisfactorily controlled by this therapy. High positive correlations between mean pretreatment pressure (P1) and pressure fall (ΔP) were found (P<0.001), and the pressure decrease induced by propranolol treatment tended to be proportional to the pressure gradient between the anterior chamber and the episcleral veins. This pressure gradient was reduced by an average of about 50 ° /o following propranolol treatment. There was no change in scleral rigidity after propra

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01258.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The osmiophilic capsular inclusion bodies in a case of accidental lenticular chalcosis have been used as anin vivoindicator of capsular production. Copper stimulation and hence inclusion impregnation lasted 5 years and was stopped 2 years before removal of the lens by extraction of a foreign body. The amount of capsule produced in the two year period varied at different locations in the lens but it greatly exceeded the previously measured quantities. A capsular turnover is postulated with a capsular production by the epithelial cells and a surface resorption process. The production rate is considered to be relatively high in childhood and gradually subsides with increasing age.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01259.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were trained to tolerate applanation tonometry while fully conscious. The tonometer used was the Draeger tonometer with an applanation area of 3.06 mm diameter, but with a reduced application surface (4 mm instead of 6.8 mm diameter). The reduction did not change the calibration and is applicable in this monkey species without any correction factor. The mean intraocular pressure determined was 19.12 mmHg.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In 100 cases of senile cataract keratoplasty trephine was used for making lamellar cataract sections from the 3 to 9 o'clock position. The results are compared with sections made by keratome and scissors. The advantages achieved by performing the sections with the trephine are discussed. Complications due to defective wound healing are reduced to the bare minimum. There was no astigmatism in 41% of the cases. The sections were ab externo enabling preplaced sutures to be inserted.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In static perimetry the method of limits is widely used for threshold determinations. Its performance is compared with that of a certain modification of the staircase method (repetitive up and down method) by means of simulations, where the behaviour of the observer is described by an assumed psychometric function. Systematic and random errors are considerably smaller with the up and down method. Further consideration is given to signal detection theory and to the concept of optimal strategy.ZusammenfassungMithilfe von Simulationen werden zwei Schwellenbestimmungsmethoden der statischen Perimetrie bezüglich der Genauigkeit der Messresultate verglichen, und zwar die Methode der einseitigen Schwellenannäherung vom unterschwelligen Bereich her mit einer Modifikation der staircase ‐ Methode, so wie sie auf Automaten zur Anwendung kommen kann. Die Messfehler fallen bei der zweiten Methode wesentlich kleiner aus. Weitere Betrachtungen beziehen sich auf die Signaldetektionstheorie und auf den Begriff der optimalen Strate

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Threshold fluctuations are divided into short‐term and long‐term effects applying statistical methods. Sixteen normal and pathological visual fields were analysed in order to obtain the numerical values for the short‐term, long‐term and total fluctuation. Special attention is paid to fortuitous variations between the results obtained at successive examinations. Finally the concept of spatial correlations is introduced.ZusammenfassungSchwellenfluktuationen werden mithilfe statistischer Methoden in Kurzzeit‐ und Langzeiteffekte zerlegt. Die numerischen Werte der Kurzzeit‐, Langzeit‐ und Totalstreuung werden angegeben, so wie sie sich aus der ausgedehnten Analyse von sechszehn gesunden und pathologischen Gesichtsfeldern ergeben haben. Spezielle Beachtung verdienen die zufälligen Aenderungen der Schwellenresultate gegenüber denjenigen einer früheren Gesichtsfelduntersuchung. Schliesslich führen wir den Begriff der räumlichen Korrelationen in die statistische Analyse von G

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1976.tb01263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY