摘要:

Among 195 patients with intracranial aneurysms, 79 had fundal haemorrhages (FH), an incidence of 40.5% (99% confidence limits 31–50). FH occurred alone in 26.7% and were associated with papilloedema in 13.8% of the cases. The total incidence was found to be higher than the frequencies found by similar studies, and the reasons are discussed. Among the 79 patients, 33 had mild retinal haemorrhages (grade I), in 25 the haemorrhage was more severe (grade II), and 21 had preretinal or vitreous haemorrhages (grade III). Aneurysms on the anterior communicating artery, with the tendency, upon rupture, to large haemorrhages, were responsible for the greater, part of FH as well as for the most severe cases (grade III), indicating a positive correlation between the amount of bleeding which suddenly occurs in the subarachnoid space and the incidence and severity of FH. No correlation could be demonstrated between the shape and site of FH and the aneurysmal site, or between the laterality of FH and the hemispheric site of the aneurys

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The occurrence of fundal haemorrhages (FH) was correlated with the various ocular and neurological signs as well as with some factors with possible relation to the intracranial pressure. A positive association was found to papilloedema (P<0.0005), unconsciousness (P<0.005) and cerebral vascular sclerosis (P<0.025).FH proved to be an important prognostic factor and occurred mostly among fatal cases and disabled survivors (P<0.0005).Among all patients with FH, those with the severest changes (grade III) had the poorest prognosis (P<0.05). This fact, among others, seems to justify a previous suggestion (Fahmy 1972 a, 1973 b) that FH classification, ought to be graded according to severity.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

EMG from skeletal muscles in sustained contractions modifies as fatigue sets in. Spectral analysis provides a sensitive tool for quantifying these changes, related to muscle fibre action potential propagation velocity.In a study of m. rectus lateralis, spectrum analysis revealed the same modifications related to fatigue as have been seen previously in skeletal muscles. The EMG changes were particularly pronounced at maximal voluntary deviation of the eye.It is concluded that the average fibre propagation velocity of the muscle concerned is affected by sustained lateral eye deviations.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The influence on an eye clinic of the geographical factor of great distance was analyzed.In comparison to the number of patients living close to the eye clinic, fewer patients came to the eye clinic from remote areas. The results were similar for patients with senile cataract, glaucoma, and motility disturbances. Diabetics, on the other hand, did not show the same geographical difference. The legal requirement that an ophthalmological examination be obtained before a driver's licence will be granted in these cases was suggested as a possible explanation. The geographical barrier indicated by this study was present in spite of the fact that Social Welfare pays the patients' travel expenses, and the patients themselves pay 5–10 Swedish crowns for a visit to the hospita

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A family with three members affected by hereditary crystalline corneal dystrophy of Schnyder is reported. Penetrating keratoplasty was performed in two of the affected members. Clear grafts were obtained. The buttons were examined by light‐ and electronmicroscopy. The epithelium was normal. In the superficial stroma, deposits, often of a crystalline nature, were seen. Electron microscopically the deposits appeared as empty spaces, either of regular geometrical form suggestive of crystals, or smaller, rounded and more irregular. The collagen fibrils were normal. Staining for acid mucopolysaccharides revealed no abnormalities. Adjacent to the lipid deposits were found cells which contained membrane bound granules which appeared empty or contained crystal‐like material. The cells were shown to contain non‐specific As‐acetate esterase and β‐hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase.It is suggested that the cells are of pathophysiological significance, although their function is at present entirely speculative. Two possibilities are suggested: the cells may be concerned with removal of the deposited material, or they may themselves produce the abnorma

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This study dealt with the hitherto unresolved question of the validity of the objective method of assessing corneal sensitivity. Objective measurements were made monitoring the eye blinks while the subject simultaneously reported whether or not he felt the stimulation. A remarkably high correlation was found between objective and subjective measurements in the corneal periphery and a slightly less high one, in the corneal center, thus providing strong support for the use of the objective method in clinical and animal research.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Before permanent corneal changes originate in lattice dystrophy of the cornea, there are episodes with transient appearance of crystals in the cornea, bulbar conjunctiva, especially in the basement membrane of the epithelium, and the aqueous. The shape of the crystals and a positive Adam's and Sloper's performic acid‐Alcian blue staining reaction in the bulbar conjunctiva indicate cystine or cysteine. Two groups of patients, not consanguineous, were studied. (Group A consisted of 25 patients, group B of 22.) The disease had an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance in both groups. The disease picture in group A differed clearly from that in group B as to age at onset of the symptoms, intensity and duration of the episodes of the disease, degree of damage to the corneal epithelium, and number and quantity of general symptoms. A part of the patients in group B developed amyloidosis at age 50 or later.The observations suggest that lattice dystrophy is a sequel of a disturbance of (cystine) metabolism and amyloidosis is a secondary phenomenon. Dystrophic streaks in the cornea, at least in part, are injured ciliary nerve

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06011.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Dynamic tonometry was performed in 22 patients with temporal arteritis. Ocular involvement was recognized by a statistically significant reduction of intraocular pressure and a marked and characteristic reduction of the corneal indentation pulse (CIP) amplitudes. Relative crest time evaluation of the CIP amplitudes demonstrated a typical increase characteristic for vascular obstruction. Evidence of impaired ocular blood supply was demonstrated also in eyes and patients with full vision, the diagnosis being later confirmed by a temporal artery biopsy.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06012.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06013.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1973.tb06014.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY