摘要:

AbstractA population survey of retinitis pigmentosa and allied disorders in the Danish population disclosed 1301 cases prevalent in Denmark per January 1, 1988. Crude prevalence rates and World Standardized prevalences of systemic and non‐systemic RP are presented. Sixty‐four per cent of all RP‐cases were non‐systemic. A preponderance of males was encountered in both systemic and non‐systemic RP. Usher disease was diagnosed in 12%, Bardet‐Biedl syndrome constituted 5%, and the frequency of Spielmeyer‐Vogt disease was 1% of all prevalent RP‐cases. Other defined syndromes occurred in 1% of the cases. The Danish figures with respect to Usher disease are compared with standardized prevalence rates from Sweden and Finland. Nineteen per cent of patients affected by non‐systemic RP had an onset later than 30 years of age. In patients affected by systemic RP the eye disease tended to an earlier debut with only a few per cent beginning after th

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02109.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractContrast visual acuities were measured in 100 eyes of 75 patients who attained a best‐corrected visual acuity of ≥ 0.8 (20/25) after intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. The variable contrast visual acuity chart (VCVAC), with three contrast levels of 90, 15, and 2.5% and reverse polarity of 90% contrast, was used to measure contrast visual acuities. The follow‐up period ranged from 3 to 35 months (mean 7.41). The mean visual acuities measured with the 90, 15, and 2.5% charts were 0.92 (SD = 0.11), 0.59 (SD = 0.13), and 0.33 (SD = 0.14), respectively. The mean visual acuity measured with the 90% reverse polarity chart was 0.97 (SD = 0.11). The decreases in visual acuities compared with the 90% contrast were 0.64 and 1.48 octaves in the 15% and the 2.5% contrast charts, respectively. The pattern of the contrast acuity profile was comparable to normal subjects, but in 28 of 100 (28%) eyes, the visual acuities measured with the reverse polarity chart were slightly better than those measured with the standard 90% contrast chart, suggesting that the glare effect still exists after IOL implantation, though to a lesser degree than in cataractous

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02110.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe efficacy of topical 1% apraclonidine in controlling early postoperative IOP rise after cataract extraction was evaluated. Topical 1% apraclonidine was applied to 20 patients who underwent extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior intraocular lens implantation. On another 20 patients, who acted as control group a placebo (artificial tears) was given. The IOP was measured before preoperative medication and postoperatively at 6, 12 and 24 h, using the Perkins hand‐held applanation tonometer. In the control group, 9 patients (45%) developed intraocular hypertension and in the treated group only 2 (10%) showed hypertension, but with short duration and a moderate IOP rise. The difference in frequency of intraocular hypertension between the groups was statistically significant (p<0.02). The statistical analysis showed that the postoperative IOP of operated treated eyes was significantly smaller than the IOP of operated control eyes. Furthermore, the postoperative IOP and the initial IOP did not differ statistically. The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy of topical apraclonidine 1% in controlling the early and transient intraocular hypertension following cataract extractio

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02111.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA series of 305 consecutive patients 30 years of age or older scheduled for cataract surgery was examined to find out the frequency of exfoliation syndrome, the predominant type of cataract, and the intraocular pressure status. The mean age of 222 (72.8%) females and 83 (27.2%) males was 71.7 (± 11.1) years (range 32 to 91 years). Exfoliation was detected in 77 (25.2%) patients. It was unilateral in 37 (48.0%) patients, the affected eye being in 29 (78.4%) cases scheduled for cataract surgery, and bilateral in 40 (52.0%) patients. Exfoliation was increased steadily with age. It was most often seen on the anterior lens capsule (88.9%). Krukenberg's spindle was seen in 31 (20.4%) eyes of patients with and in 12 (2.6%) eyes of patients without exfoliation (p<0.001). Nuclear sclerosis predominated in eyes with (83.8%) as compared to those without (61.9%) exfoliation (p<0.01). Posterior subcapsular cataract was less common in eyes with exfoliation (1.5%) than in eyes (21.1%) without it (p<0.001). A tendency to slightly higher preoperative intraocular pressure was measured in eyes with exfoliation as compared to those without it, and glaucoma occurred much more frequently (33.8% vs 10.8%) in the former group (p<0.001). Exfoliation and capsular glaucoma, which must be promptly detected to avoid surgical complications, are frequent in patients scheduled for cataract surgery

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02112.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe evaluation of the blood‐ocular barrier for fluorescein requires the measurement of free and unconjugated fluorescein in plasma. This study introduces a new and simple method for the determination of free fluorescein in plasma on the basis of determined total free plasma fluorescense and the free fraction of fluorescence. An excellent good correlation between differential spectrofluorophotometry and this new method is demonstrated. After intravenous administration of sodium fluorescein, the contribution of fluorescein glucuronide to total free plasma fluorescence was evaluated on basis of the areas under the plasma concentration/time curves for fluorescein and fluorescein glucuronide, respectively. After 1 h 8.2% of total free fluorescence in plasma was found to originate from fluorescein glucuronide and after 24 h 18.3% originated from this metabolite. It was concluded that although plasma fluorescein glucuronide measurements are important in the exact evaluation of the blood‐ocular barrier, the contribution of fluorescein glucuronide to vitreous fluorescence after intravenous fluorescein administration seems to be of minor magnit

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02113.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis is a prospective study of 82 newly discovered patients with simplex or capsular glaucoma from two centres, collected between 1984 and 1989 and selected at random for primary treatment by either laser or pilocarpine. Preliminary two‐year follow‐up shows that primary laser treatment gives a significantly higher number of patients where the intraocular pressure is successfully controlled. Primary argon laser trabeculoplasty has been carried out in 40 patients. The first treatment was given to either the upper or to the lower half of the trabecular meshwork. In the second treatment after one month the other half was treated. In both groups the first treatment gave the highest pressure reduction. The somewhat higher pressure reduction after upper treatment versus lower was insignificant. The degree of trabecular pigmentation did not influence the two month follow‐up result, neither did the type of glaucoma. Of the eyes treated with laser, peripheral anterior synechiae could be seen in 18%. Acute intraocular pressure rises greater than 5 mmHg occurred in 21% of the eyes after the first treatment and in 37% after the second treatment. Pressure rises greater than 10 mmHg occurred in 5% after the first and in 10% after the second treatment. No pressure‐lowering substances were given. Considering that 16% of the eyes had an intraocular pressure that was higher than baseline pressure even 6 h after either first or second treatment, it is recommended that a pressure‐lowering medication on the day of treatment should be adm

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02114.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEpikeratophakia using fresh, free‐hand made corneal grafts was done in 16 patients with keratoconus. The follow‐up period averaged 27.8 months (range 13–45 months). A significant improvement of visual acuity was obtained (p = 0.002), and 14 of the 16 eyes (87.5%) achieved a corrected visual acuity ≥ 6/12. The spherical equivalent and the cylindrical refractive error were reduced (p<0.05), and a significant flattening of the central corneal curvature was obtained (p<0.002). The mean postoperative central corneal astigmatism was 4.25 D. Postoperatively, the mean central corneal thickness was 0.670 mm, and the mean central thickness of the epithelialized graft was 0.336 mm. Six patients reported some postoperative glare or blurring of vision, despite a visual acuity ≥ 6/9 on the Snellen chart. No significant subjective or objective changes were noticed after the 6‐month postoperative foll

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02115.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractQuantitative layer‐by‐layer perimetry is a psychophysical technique believed to assess response characteristics of individual retinal layers. This paper presents a new design of this technique, implemented into the existing hardware environment of the computerized perimeter Humphrey Field Analyzer. The technique was optimized for a more simple, fast and reproducible testing of larger visual field point patterns. The paper deals with the design of instrumentation and with methodological aspects of this adaptation of the techni

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02116.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper the practical applicability of a new design of quantitative layer‐by‐layer perimetry is confirmed by studying centre‐surround interaction produced by sustained surround stimulation in preliminary trials on four normal individuals. The results are discussed in relation to established laws for retinal light perception, and some practical aspects of the employed test design and the chosen test variables are disc

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02117.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn this paper some qualitative aspects of centre‐surround interaction produced by transient surround stimulation are investigated, employing a new design of quantitative layer‐by‐layer perimetry. Using a rotating windmill pattern, a transient response, believed to be organized in the inner plexiform layer of the retina, is assessed in four normal individuals. The paper considers area characteristics of the stimulus pattern used to produce the transient response, and optimal dimensions for this pattern are pro

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1992.tb02118.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY