摘要:

Abstract.Extracapsular cataract extraction with IOL implantation was performed in 32 consecutive cases of glaucomatous eyes which previously had undergone trabeculectomy (group A). The only complication seen during surgery was one tear in the posterior capsule. The mean IOP on postoperative day 1 was 17.7 ± 7.9 mmHg. After extracapsular cataract extraction in 68 glaucomatous eyes with no previous surgery (group B) the corresponding mean IOP was 21.7 ± 7.5 mmHg (p = 0.015). However, the mean preoperative IOP level was lower in group A (group A: 14.3 ± 4.0 mmHg, group B: 17.1 ± 4.3 mmHg), so the increase in IOP was not significantly different in the two groups. In group A, 15.6% of the eyes had an IOP elevation exceeding 24 mmHg, compared to 30.9% of the eyes in group B. Four months postopera‐tively, the IOP was significantly reduced in group B and unchanged in group A (compared to preoperatively). Seventy‐two percent of the eyes in group A and 79% of the eyes in group B achieved a visual acuity of 5/10 or better, respe

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02758.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Cataract extraction was performed in 1261 eyes. The relevant information was complete in 826 cases and thus only these were included in this study. Eleven variables describing clinical history, preoperative findings, operative problems and one variable representing visual acuity 4 months postoperatively were entered into a factor analysis model. Three factors were extracted by factor analysis, and these factors may be considered to be the underlying causes embracing the individual variables. Factor 1: the maculopathy factor; explained 23.3% of the total variance. Sixteen percent of the variance was attributable to Factor 2: the miosis factor. Lastly, Factor 3: operative problems; was responsible for 13.4% of the variance. The maculopathy factor was significantly associated with postoperative visual acuity (p<0.001). Slight significant association was also found between the factor for operative problems and visual outcome, whereas no association was seen between the miosis factor and the final vision.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02759.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Information on no‐show patients in an ophthalmological out‐patient department was collected and analyzed during one month in 1992 and compared to one month in 1993, after the introduction of a new policy of allocating fines to those patients who did not show for their appointments. In October 1992, 118 patients (6.4% out of 1837 scheduled appointments) and in 1993, 94 patients (5.5% out of 1710 appointments) did not show for the appointment. The strabismus unit showed the highest percentage of no‐show patients for both years (8.4% in 1992, 7.5% in 1993) and the low vision unit the lowest (4.6% in 1992, 4.1% in 1993). In 1992, Tuesday (8.9%), and in 1993 Monday (6.9%) were the weekdays with the highest percentages; the lowest was Wednesday (4.4% in 1992, 2.8% in 1993). By appointment type, consultations from other clinics had the highest percentage in both years (7.9% in 1992, 6.9% in 1993) while the lowest was visits to personnel other than a doctor (3.7% in both years). The age group 31–40 years had the most no‐show patients in both years (10.9% in 1992, 10.2% in 1993). The lowest percentage was in the age group 61–80 years (2.6–4.9% in 1992, 3.0–2.7% in 1993). To minimize broken appointments, it is important to inform the patient well about his disease and the significance of the examinations and follow‐up visits. As an economical result of the no‐show patients, a calculated income equivalent to the salary of about 3 persons in the nur

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02760.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The exfoliation syndrome as a risk factor for lens opacification was investigated with pairwise comparisons of lens opacity, visual acuity, refraction, and anterior chamber depth in 126 eyes of 63 patients with unilateral exfoliation syndrome, and in 84 eyes of 42 patients with unilateral capsular glaucoma. As compared with fellow eyes, the exfoliative eyes showed poorer visual acuity (p<0.05) and more frequent occurrence of subcapsular cataract (2% vs 8%). Compared with the fellow eyes the lenses in the capsular glaucomatous eyes were more opaque, whether without pilocarpine (p<0.05), or with pilocarpine treatment (p<0.0001). Visual acuity was poorer (p<0.01), refraction more myopic (p<0.05), and anterior chamber depth less (p<0.05) in the capsular glaucomatous eyes with pilocarpine treatment. Thus, there are slight changes in the lenses of the exfoliative eyes, the cataractous lens changes being more advanced in the capsular glaucomatous eyes.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02761.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Possible damaging effects on the visual field of postlaser pressure elevations the first 24 h following primary laser trabeculoplasty were investigated in 61 patients with exfoliative or open‐angle glaucoma. The intraocular pressure was monitored the first 24 h after treatment. Treatment with pressure reducing agents was started if the intraocular pressure was ≥ 50 mmHg. The visual field was plotted before and 1, 3, and 6 months after laser treatment with the C‐30–2 program on a Humphrey visual field analyzer. Peak pressures ≥ 50 mmHg occurred with 15 (25%) patients. There was no relationship between visual field changes at 1 month and pressure increase, peak pressure, prelaser pressure, prelaser visual field indices, the use of timolol postlaser, or the pressure decrease or pressure level 1 month after laser treatment. From 1 to 6 months after laser trabeculoplasty the visual field parameters remained stable. Postlaser pressure spikes do not seem to damage the visual field providing they are detected an

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02762.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.It is often claimed that general reduction, or diffuse loss, of perimetric sensitivity is an early sign of glaucoma. Our clinical experience and the results of a few other studies led us to believe otherwise. To investigate factors associated with diffuse field loss we reviewed 4222 Humphrey 30–2 threshold tests from 1582 eyes of 862 patients followed at our department. Most of these patients had ocular hypertension or glaucoma. Each field test was evaluated with the Glaucoma Hemifield Test of the Statpac 2 program. The Glaucoma Hemifield Test classifies field test results as within or outside normal limits regarding localized field loss and general shifts in sensitivity. General reduction of sensitivity without concomitant localized loss was found in 117 tests from 81 eyes of 69 patients. Corresponding patient records were found for 60 eyes of 60 patients. Media opacities or miotic therapy were noted in 46 eyes (77%), 10 eyes (17%) had end‐stage field loss, and in 2 eyes (3%) other non‐glaucomatous ocular pathology explained the diffuse loss of sensitivity. Thus, general reduction of differential light sensitivity as an isolated finding was almost always associated with reasons other than early to moderate glaucoma in this material mainly consisting of patients with glaucoma or increased intraocular pressure. Since only 2 out of the 1582 eyes had general reduction of sensitivity that was not explained by non‐glaucomatous reasons, we conclude that purely diffuse field loss was not a sign of g

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02763.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.We evaluated the influence of early serous choroidal detachments upon the results of trabeculectomy surgery. In 18 consecutive patients with serous choroidal detachments we found no significant difference in the intraocular pressure or number of glaucoma medicines from individually matched controls one year postoperatively. Final intraocular pressure was not correlated to the duration (p = 0.427), time of onset following surgery (p = 0.669), or size (p = 0.149) of the serous choroidal detachment. Prior to onset of the serous choroidal detachment the anterior chamber depth, bleb height, number of glaucoma medications, and intraocular pressure were statistically similar to the control group (p>0.05). Following detachment, anterior chamber depth, and bleb height remained similar, but intraocular pressure fell from 9.4 ± 6.5 to 4.6 ± 4.1 mmHg (p = 0.025). Postoperative complications were similar between groups. This study indicates that serous choroidal detachments following trabeculectomy which are limited in size or duration are not associated with a worsening of long‐term intraocular pressure cont

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02764.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Forty phakic myopic eyes of 40 patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were included in a prospective clinical trial designed to evaluate the changes in buckle height after retinal detachment surgery. The age of the patients ranged between 50 and 75 years. The eyes were divided into two groups (A and B) according to the orientation of sponge fixation. In group A (20 eyes) the sponge fixation was circumferential, while in group B (20 eyes) radial. A‐scan ultrasonography was used for the measurements of buckle height 1, 3, 6, 12, and 18 months postoperatively. At all times of measurement, the buckle height presented a statistically significant difference between the patients of group A and B. More specifically, radial fixation produced a significantly lower scleral indentation compared with that produced by circumferential fixation. After a lapse of 18 months, the buckle height in group B retained 41% of its original value compared with that of group A which retained 66

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02765.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.The aim of this investigation was to correlate the clinical and histological findings in 85 consecutive patients with temporal arteritis. Particular attention was given to a possible correlation between optic nerve involvement and the presence of giant cells upon histological examination. Severe ischemia as in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and central retinal arterial occlusion was presented in 37 patients (43%). Giant cells were definitely oberved in 32 biopsy specimens (37.6%) and suspected in 11 additional specimens (13%): In 42 specimens (49.3%) no giant cells were present. Our study showed no correlation between the occurrence of severe optic nerve involvement and the histological findings with regard to giant cells. Statistical evaluation also failed to show a significant correlation betwen the frequency of pain and jaw claudication and the respective histological findings regarding giant cells. In the biopsy specimen of one patient, numerous eosinophilic granulocytes had infiltrated the vessel wall.

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02766.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Abstract.Neuropeptide Y is known to be present in significant amounts in the retina of most vertebrates, but its physiological actions are largely unknown. We have therefore studied its effects on the intracellular cyclic AMP accumulation in rabbit retina. Neuropeptide Y had no effect on the basal cyclic AMP level but was found to inhibit the forskolin induced cyclic AMP accumulation. There were no differences between the effects of neuro‐peptide Y 1–36 and neuropeptide Y 13–36 (2.4 times 10−6M) suggesting the presence of the Y2subtype of neuropeptide Y receptor. D‐myo‐inositol‐1,2,6‐trisphosphate, a novel neuropeptide Y‐antagonist, reduced per se the forskolin induced cyclic AMP production. The pronounced inhibitory effect of neuropeptide Y on the forskolin induced cyclic AMP production was, on the other hand, totally abolished by D‐myo‐inositol‐1,2,6‐trisphos‐phate. The results indicate that neuropeptide Y acts on Y2receptors in the retina to cause an inhibition of the adenylyl cyclase activity which could be antagonized by D‐myo‐inositol‐1,2,6‐trisphosphate. Such an inhibitory action of neuropeptide Y is similar to what has been found in brain tissue, but it has not previously been reported in the retina for neuropeptide Y or any

ISSN:1755-375X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1755-3768.1994.tb02767.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY