摘要:

Histological sections of brain from patients showing evidence of advanced pathology of Alzheimer disease (AD) were examined for the presence of herpes simplex type-1 (HSV-1) nucleic acids by a sensitive in-situ hybridization technique. Samples from neurologically normal patients were examined in parallel. Sensitivity of the assay was verified by the detection of HSV-1 nucleic acids in neurons of trigeminal ganglia taken from cases of AD and normal controls. This indicated that the hybridization reaction was sufficiently sensitive to detect latent HSV-1 infections. Positive hybridization in the brain was only detected in a confirmed case of herpes simplex virus encephalitis. These results appear to confirm previous reports that HSV-1 infection is not directly involved in the pathology associated with AD.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

We examined density (Bmax), affinity (Kd), and norepinephrine (NE)-stimulated cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) generation of the β-adrenergic receptor on lymphocytes in patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT, n = 13), in normal aged controls (AGED, n = 27), and in young controls (YOUNG, n = 21).Bmax(fmol/mg protein; mean ± SD) was significantly lower in YOUNG (48.0 ± 18.7) than in either AGED (64.8 ± 22.3) or DAT (63.6 ± 19.5, p < 0.05). Receptor sensitivity, i.e., the fold increase of stimulated over basal cAMP generation (S/B), was higher in DAT (8.3 ± 5.2) than in AGED (5.5 ± 2.3) or YOUNG (5.4 ± 2.6, p < 0.07). This difference was due to a significant increase in S/B in female but not male DAT patients compared with AGED (p < 0.05). There were no differences in levels of circulating NE between DAT and AGED, nor between sexes. Thus, the present data suggest that in this model of the postsynaptic β-adrenergic receptor/effector complex, receptor sensitivity was increased in women with DAT.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

THA (9-amino, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine; tacrine) is currently under study as a cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor in Alzheimer disease. In this study, a sensitive radiometric assay for THA inhibition of human plasma ChE, suitable for detection of effects of orally administered drug, is described. The assay is sensitive in a range of 4–50 ng/ml plasma. Reversibility of the inhibition permits distinguishing of drug effects on ChE from changes in amount of enzyme synthesized during treatment.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Patients with Alzheimer disease (AD, onset <65 years of age, n = 13) and senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT, onset ≥65 years of age, n = 28) were investigated for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) content of homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol (MHPG) and compared with a group of controls (n = 26). A geriatric rating scale, the Gottfries-Bråne-Steen scale, was used to assess impairment of motor performance, intellectual and emotional functioning, and symptoms common in dementia disorders. The HVA levels in CSF were significantly lower in the AD group than in the SDAT group and controls. MHPG was slightly but significantly increased in the SDAT group when compared with the controls. The HVA and 5-HIAA concentrations were correlated negatively with impairment of motor performance in the SDAT group; 5-HIAA correlated positively with impaired performance in the AD group; and 5-HIAA/HVA ratios were correlated positively with the performance variables. HVA correlated significantly and negatively with “impaired wakefulness” and “inability to increase tempo” in the SDAT group. 5-HIAA and the ratio 5-HIAA/HVA correlated significantly and positively with some items measuring intellectual and emotional impairment. In the AD group, “anxiety” and “fear-panic” correlated positively with 5-HIAA and “restlessness” with MHPG. The data indicate qualitative differences in the CSF monoamine pattern between AD and SDAT.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) to a sinusoidally modulated target moving horizontally across a cathode ray tube screen were examined for 17 patients with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and for 14 age-matched control subjects. There were 3 target-motion conditions at frequencies representing varying ranges of target velocity. DAT patients differed from controls on all measures of smooth pursuit quality: their gain was reduced at high target velocities and lower target accelerations, they made more frequent directionally appropriate saccades and had more saccadic intrusions, they led the target with their eyes (phase lead) in all 3 conditions, and lag-adjusted cross-correlation coefficients, computed between digitized eye-movement and target signals, were lower among patients. The cross-correlation measure was most sensitive to between-group variability. These results suggest that the impaired SPEM observed in DAT patients reflect degeneration of cortical oculomotor centers, either through inappropriate saccadic intrusions in smooth pursuit as a result of physiologic disinhibition or through effects on attentional processes or both.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID