ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02775.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractStudies supporting Coloninger's original Type 1/Type 2 hypothesis for classifying the generic transmission of alcoholism have sometimes failed to control for important sources of potential bias. First, the environmental effects of parental alcoholism must be distinguished from the genetic effects of parental alcoholism. Secondly, antisocial personality disorder must be distinguished from alcohol dependence. Thirdly, to control for developmental effects a cohort of alcoholics should be followed into late mid‐life. The present report, a 50‐year prospective study of the development of alcoholism in two community samples of 456 disadvantaged youth and 204 Harvard graduates, addresses these three, potential sources of bias. In this report the age of onset of alcoholism and the degree of antisocial symptomatology was correlated with disturbed family environment but was quite independent of the presence or absence of a heredity positive far alcoholism. The reasons why such findings threaten the validity of the Type 1/Type 2 hypothesis are discus

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02776.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02777.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02778.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02779.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02780.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02781.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA new approach towards treating alcoholics in a rural population is discussed in this paper. This approach is referred to as the “camp approach”. The first such camp was organized in a rural place called Manjakkudi, a village located in Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India. The first camp was held in 1989 and after that three more such camps were conducted in Manjakkudi over a period of 4 years. A total of 105 patients was treated in these camps, Though this treatment programme a similar to the main programme which we follow at T, T, Ranganathan Clinical Research Foundation in the dry, slight modifications were made to suit the rural environment. The details of the programme are discussed in this paper. Total abstinence is the goal. This paper examines the results of the Jour camps conducted at Manjakkudi and attempts to gain an insight into the factors responsible for such a gratifying outc

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02783.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA sample of 301 regular amphetamine users was interviewed regarding transitions between routes of administration of amphetamines. Use of amphetamines by injecting was widespread, with two‐thirds (67%) of subjects having injected the drug during tin preceding 6 months. Needle‐sharing was common, with 41% of injectors having shared a needle in the month preceding interview. A transition to regular amphetamine injecting from other mutes of administration was reported by 40% of subjects, with males being twice as likely to report such a transition. The median number of such transitions was line. The main reasons given by subjects for the transition to injecting mere It king the “rush” from injecting, and seeing it as a more economical and a healthier way to use. A small proportion of subjects (9%) reported a transition away from injecting amphetamines, with a median of one such transition. The most common reason given for abandoning injecting was concern about vascular damage. Interventions, to encourage safer use of amphetamines need to address the misconceptions that injecting is more economical and more healthy, and to emphasise the vascular problems associated with in

ISSN:0965-2140    

DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb02784.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY