摘要:

AbstractSurveys were taken of five Aboriginal communities in New South Wales, South Australia, Western Australia and Queensland, in co‐operation with community organizations and using locally‐engaged Aboriginal women as interviewers. The surveys reveal a patchwork of family planning methods in use. A comparison of the attitudes of Aboriginal women towards the provision of family planning services and the activities of health services in the communities was used to examine the mechanism of decline in Aboriginal birth rates.The comparison reveals that the views of Aboriginal women largely coincide with the aims of health services but what has been achieved is somewhat different. Extreme reticence on the part of Aboriginal people about the reproductive aspects of women's lives poses serious problems for the delivery of adequate health services. While health service personnel in Aboriginal communities are attuned to the sensibilities of their Aboriginal clients, they are not always aware of the reasons for these sensibilities or of their precise nat

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA telephone survey of 250 women, selected at random from the Melbourne telephone directory, was conducted to ascertain perceptions about female general practitioners (GP) by female patients. The three most important factors in choosing a new GP were recommendation, distance and ease of obtaining an appointment. The sex of the GP was only an important factor for a small group of the respondents. The preference for a female doctor was higher if a gynaecological examination or discussion of emotional/personal problems were involved. A majority of respondents perceived no difference in a number of professional attributes. of female and male GPs. Preference (or lack of it) for sex of a new GP was strongly related to sex of current GP. These results reveal a much more favourable disposition by female patients towards female GPs than has been earlier reported. They indicate that the increasing numbers of female GPs in the medical workforce are unlikely to experience any obstacle to their full participation in it arising from the perceptions of their female patients.

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAge specific rates for Papanicolaou smears by the Victorian Cytology (Gynaecological) Service (VCGS) during 1971 to 1986 are presented. There was a dramatic increase in smear rates for women aged less than 35 years during the period studied.Conversely, for postmenopausal women maximum smear rates were achieved in 1971 with a steady decline thereafter. In women over the age of 55 years, the 1986 smear rates were approximately half the 1971 rates. The pronounced decline in smear rates in older women is particularly worrying as these women constitute the age group with the highest incidence rates for cervical cancer.The highest rate for any age group occurred in 1976 when 357 women per 1000 female residents in the age group 35–39 years were screened. Smears were received from an estimated 18.3 percent of the resident female population of Victoria during 1986. A longitudinal study of subsequent use of cervical cytology by women having negative smears in 1971 is in progres

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe measurement of physical activity is an important issue in health promotion and Public Health campaigns in Australia. This paper examines six community‐based national surveys since 1980, each estimating the prevalence of physical activity. These surveys show an apparent increase in the number of highly active Australians. However, the issue of reliable and valid physical activity measures has not been adequately addressed. The different measures used generated different estimates of activity prevalence. Serial surveys in 1985 and 1986, when adjusted for differential measurement error, failed to demonstrate an increase in the number of active Australians. Consistent and validated measurement of physical activity patterns is necessary before public health and preventive programs are developed in this are

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case‐control study was conducted to examine the relationship between hospital admissions for asthma attacks in 1979–1984 and airborne sulphur dioxide (SO2) pollution in an industrial and residential area on the outskirts of Penn, Western Australia. There were 255 cases and 903 controls, each assigned levels of SO2exposure based on their place of residence and, for subjects of school age, their place of schooling. Compared with residents exposed to a mean SO2level of less than 8 ug/m3, the estimated rate ratios were 1.1 (95% CI 0.8‐1.5) in those exposed to 8–14 ug/m3, 0.8 (0.5‐1.3) for exposures of 15.21 ug/m3and 0.9 (0.5‐1.9) in the highest exposed group with 22–46 ug/m3. Analysis of the frequency of peak levels in SO2pollution yielded similar results. The study showed no evidence of an increased rate of hospital admission for asthma in residents exposed to higher levels of SO2compared with other persons in

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe use of telephone based sampling and interview techniques has become more popular in epidemiological research in recent years. Previous studies of these designs have shown good response rates and reliability of information which is comparable to that obtained from the use of mail and personal interview.This paper reports on the results of a pilot study, designed to examine the possible limitations of the use of telephone interviews, in population based studies in Australia. The findings show that as many as 31 per cent of people listed on the Federal electoral rolls in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales may be inaccessible to interview by telephone, and that these people differ from those who are accessible on a number of important socioeconomic and health indicators.The potential biases introduced by telephone surveys should be considered and explored by those wishing to use them.

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0314-9021    

DOI:10.1111/j.1753-6405.1987.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY