ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCertain refining processes were investigated to determine their influence on the dermal carcinogenic activity of petroleum‐derived lubricating oil distillates. Specifically, the effects of solvent refining, hydroprocessing, a combination of both processes, and the blending of oils processed using each technique were evaluated in standard mouse skin‐painting bioassays. The refining process used as well as the level or severity of treatment greatly influenced the carcinogenic outcome of processed lubricating oils. Solvent refining at severities normally used appeared to eliminate carcinogenicity. In contrast, hydroprocessing alone at mild levels of treatment was successful only in reducing the carcinogenic potency; severe hydroprocessing conditions were necessary to eliminate carcinogenic activity without the use of additional refining processes. Carcinogenic activity could also be eliminated by following moderate solvent refining with mild hydroprocessing. Blending of hydroprocessed oils with solvent‐refined oils resulted in a substantial reduction or even elimination of carcinogenic activity. However, the degree of protection obtained varied with the particular distillates used and appeared largely dependent on the inherent biological activity of the hydroprocesse

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA neuropsychological test battery was administered to 50 workers exposed to styrene and to 50 sex‐, intelligence‐, and age‐matched controls. The main styrene metabolites, ie, mandelic acid (MA) and phenylglyoxylic acid (PGA), were measured as exposure indices in the urine collected on Saturday mornings, just before neuropsychological testing. Exposure‐response and exposure‐effect relationships were found between the intensity of the exposure (as reflected by the sum of MA and PGA) and the scores of the neuropsychological tests. Verbal learning skills were significantly impaired in workers with a sum of MA and PGA higher than 150 mmole/mole creatinine, corresponding to styrene airborne concentrations higher than 25 ppm (mean daily exposure). Logical memory and visuo‐constructive abilities were shown to be significantly affected in workers with MA and PGA higher than 300 mmole/mole creatinine, corresponding to exposure levels of more than 50 ppm of sty

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExposure to organic solvents is common in industry. In Sweden, patients being evaluated for suspected solvent‐related diseases now constitute the largest group of patients seen at many clinics of occupational medicine, largely replacing classical occupational disorders. The findings in 128 consecutive patients with solvent exposure have been reviewed for the period 1978‐1981. The duration of exposure was 9 years or more for those with a diagnosis of psychoorganic syndrome (POS). “Incipient” POS was seen after a minimum exposure of 3 years duration. Patients with POS also had an increased frequency of polyneuropathy in comparison to those without any signs of POS. It was not possible to link these abnormalities with particular solvent exposure. Clinical chemistry tests were normal except for liver function tests in a few p

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo cases are reported of liver angiosarcoma occurring among polyvinyl chloride (PVC) extruders from a small Italian factory producing PVC bags and other containers. The possibility that PVC extrusion carries a risk of liver angiosarcoma is important because of the very large number of people working with extruding, manufacturing and handling PVC, as compared with the number of people working in PVC polymerization and/or VC production. In the past, the level of vinyl chloride (VC) concentration in PVC extrusion workplaces has been thought to be “safe

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA proportional mortality analysis of death certificates of 2,798 shoe and leather workers demonstrated a statistically significant excess of bladder cancer among female shoe workers (PMR + 2.51, 95% confidence interval 1.23 to 5.12). A case‐referent analysis of 289 leather workers, on whom detailed occupational information was available, demonstrated an association of lung cancer with work in leather‐tanning jobs (odds ratio + 4.2, 95% confidence interval 1.09 to 16

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractVentilatory capacity tests and standardized respiratory questionnaires were used in 1973 and in 1980 to measure the effect of mixed dust exposure in the asbestos cement industry on respiratory symptoms and lung function in 65 exposed workers and 30 controls (exposed to polyvinyl chloride but not to asbestos). Workers exposed to asbestos had 1) a higher prevalence of breathlessness and chest pain, and a higher incidence of breathlessness; 2) lower 1980 values of forced vital capacity (FVC) (0.27‐0.83 liters) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) (0.23‐0.62 liters); and 3) a faster decline (nearly 40 ml/year) in FVC and FEV1between 1973 and 1980. The FVC annual decrease was 52.5 ml in the subjects with more than 15 years since first asbestos exposure, whereas it was 24.3 ml in those with less than 15 years, suggesting a faster decline after 15 years of exposure. The effect of asbestos exposure and smoking habits was less than additive as regards pulmonary funct

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBasophilic stippling of red blood cells (BSC) has been noted in lead intoxication since 1899 and has been considered a classic laboratory sign of lead poisoning since that time. BSC are inclusions of aggregated ribosomes found only in the red blood cells and may be confused with siderotic (iron) granules, Heinz Bodies, or even reticulocytes. BSC are an inconstant finding in lead intoxication. In a review of peripheral blood smears from 1,000 consecutive internal medicine patients, we found BSC in 27%. These occurred in a variety of malignant, rheumatologic, hematologic, cardiovascular, and other diseases, frequently with an associated anemia. BSC may even be found in a small percentage of normal people; thus, it must be emphasized that BSC is a nonspecific finding. Furthermore, BSC has been replaced by blood lead (since the 1940s) and zinc protoporphyrin (since the 1970s) levels for biologic monitoring of lead‐exposed worker

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPleural mesotheliomas are usually reported after a long interval has passed since first exposure to asbestos. We, however, describe a case observed after a latent period of only 7.5 years in a worker exposed in a factory manufacturing auxiliary products for wine treatment, including chrysotile asbestos filters. The exposure to asbestos lasted 3‐4 months per year, during which airborne fiber concentrations ranged from 1 to 4 ff/cc in the patient's workplace. Due to the characteristics of the manufacturing process, the asbestos fibers were very thin in diameter. The patient also suffered from nasal breathing impairment. An examination of the literature showed that asbestos‐related mesotheliomas have been reported, albeit rarely, after less than 10 years from onset of exposure. Therefore, it is believed that this case should be related to past exposure to asbes

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700050411

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY