ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObservations on an increased spontaneous abortion rate initiated a study among personnel working at a laboratory for diagnostic virology. Personnel at a bacteriological laboratory and at another virological laboratory served as controls. Seventy‐seven female employees at the laboratory for virology were interviewed, as well as 91 at the bacteriology laboratory and 45 women at another virological laboratory.A significantly increased perinatal death rate was found among the virology personnel, with no apparent clustering over the time period studied. A higher serum titer against common viruses was found among employees actively working with patient sera. A model experiment demonstrated the risk for aerosolization of serum samples during processing. No evidence of a relationship between chemical work environment factors and the increased perinatal death rate was found.It is concluded that the factor in the working environment most closely related to the increased perinatal death rate was exposure to viral aerosol

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA 48‐year‐old lead worker was found to have a cystic renal carcinoma during an evaluation of his occupational lead poisoning. Clinical studies showed elevated blood lead levels, impaired urinary concentrating ability, and reduced creatinine clearance. Histologic and electron microscopic studies showed this cystic tumor to be similar to renal carcinomas observed in animals with prolonged lead exposure. Lead content of the tumor was elevated (2.49 μg/gm) in comparison with adjacent renal tissue and with normal adult levels. In light of previous animal studies, this case adds increased evidence to the concern over the carcinogenic potential of prolonged lead expo

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis presentation is the result of the survey of eight industries with asbestosis risk in the Barcelona area (two of fibro‐cement, three of auto brakes, two of textiles, and one of insulation materials). Of 1,472 workers, 271 or 18.5% have asbestosis. Pleural involvement in asbestosis is twice as common as that of the lung, 15.7% versus 8.5%. Pulmonary asbestosis without pleural participation is seen in only 2.6% of cases. Pleural plaques, calcified and not calcified, are detected in only a few cases. There is a definite correlation between the incidence of asbestosis and the exposure time: from 1% in the group of workers with less than five years of exposure up to 64.58% for those with 30 or more years of exposure. Clinical symptoms (cough, and/or expectoration, and/or dyspnea) were present in 68% of the studied population. Pulmonary crepitations are the most significant physical sign detected, observed in one quarter to one third of the patients.Pulmonary function tests in asbestos workers revealed restrictive and mixed type syndromes in 17% of the cases and obstructive syndrome in 36%. The percentages for those workers without asbestosis are 9% and 16%, respectively. It seems, therefore, that a bronchial factor plays a role in asbestosis. The bronchial pathology would be manifested clinically by the appearance or the exaggeration of the chronic bronchitis symptoms, and physiologically by the presence of the obstructive syndrome.There is no doubt that smoking enhances the incidence of asbestosis, aggravates the respiratory symptoms in those affected, and is a cause of further deterioration of pulmonary functio

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA proportionate mortality study of deceased white male workers in the pattern and model making trades was conducted. Death certificates were obtained for 1257 death benefit‐eligible members of the Pattern Makers' League of North America who had died in the years 1972‐1978, and age‐adjusted proportionate mortality was calculated using 1975 United States white male death rates. For the entire nationwide union, statistically significant excess proportions of deaths were observed due to colon cancer (proportionate mortality ratio, PMR = 167) and to brain tumors (PMR = 211). A statistically significant excess proportion of deaths due to colon cancer (PMR = 163) and to leukemia (PMR = 200) were observed among the members of the predominantly wood shop locals.Nonsignificant excess proportions of cancer deaths occurred at a number of other anatomical sites. Predominant occupational exposures included wood and plastic dusts and epoxy resins in wood shops and cutting oil mists and solvent vapors in the metal shops. These results suggest the need for better work practices in this industry while more definitive studies are comp

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe possible impact of occupational factors on the furtherance of congenital defects has been under study at our department for the past four years, and it has assumed a special interest because of the importance to understand the etiology of these disorders and a good possibility for prevention by elimination of the causative factor from the work environment. In connection with a register based case‐referent study utilizing supplementary information, acquired by a single interviewer, we analyzed various occupational factors related to pregnancy. We found that organic solvent exposure and exposure to various dusts during the pregnant period were more common among the case mothers than among their matched referents. These findings may offer further rough guidance in the quest for the identification of possibly embryotoxic agents that may occur in occupational lif

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTo evaluate lead exposure in stained glass workers, we measured blood lead levels in 12 professional glass workers, in 5 hobbyists, and in 4 workers' family members. Professional workers lead levels (mean 20.7 μg/dl) were higher than hobbyists' (11.6 μg/dl) (P = 0.02) or family members' (11.3 μg/dl). Levels increased with years worked, hours worked per week, and percentage of work involving lead. The mean lead concentration in settled dust samples from a stained glass workshop was 11,000 parts per million. Stained glass workers are at increased risk of lead exposu

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNickel concentrations were analyzed by electrothermal atomic absorption spectro‐photometry in plasma from workers at a repair shipyard and a construction shipyard. Four groups of workers were studied:(a)62 welders,(b)31 painters,(c)27 riggers/carpenters, and(d)21 shipfitters/pipefitters. Controls were 15 hospital workers and 28 retirees at the repair shipyard. In the combined groups of all tested workers at the repair shipyard, increased plasma Ni concentrations (>5.2 μg/liter) occurred in 32 of 82 subjects (39%);(p<.05 vs increased plasma Ni concentrations in 13 of 59 workers at the construction shipyard [22%]. andp<.001 vs increased plasma Ni concentrations in 1 of 43 controls [2%]). At both shipyards, plasma Ni concentrations were higher in the groups of painters and shipfitters/pipefitters than in the groups of welders and riggers/carpenters. In random urine specimens from workers at the construction shipyard, Ni concentrations exceeded 5.2μg/liter in 9 of 24 welders [38%]. (p<.01 vs increased urine Ni concentrations in 1 of 15 controls [hospital workers]). The ratios of plasma/urine nickel concentrations were higher in painters (p<.05) and lower in welders (p<.05) than in other workers at the construction shipyard. Increased concentrations of nickel in body fluids of shipyard workers are attributed to exposures to nickel compounds and alloys in the working environm

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe prevalence of lung cancer has been ascertained during a survey of 286 shipyard workers all 20 to 45 years from onset of asbestos exposure in shipyard work. Two men had had previous thoracic surgery for lung cancer. In addition, bronchogenic carcinoma was found in five men. One was among the 35 men less than 30 years in the yard; three were in the 191 who had begun work 30 to 39 years before, and one was in the group of 60 men who were 40+ years from onset. The potential usefulness of large‐scale surveillance programs for the early detection of lung cancer among current and former shipyard workers is discusse

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCytogenetic evaluation of 24 employees exposed to an average styrene concentration rate of 6.0 ppm in the laboratory, and to 58.1 ppm in the polyester processing pilot plant, has revealed no statistically significant increase in chromosome aberration rates as compared to a matched control group.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700010211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY