ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThere is considerable evidence of generalized stimulation of the immune system in pulmonry dust diseases. This stimulation involves both the T‐ and the B‐arms of the immune system. A reasonable explanation of this immune stimulation resides in an effect of the mineral dusts on the macrophages. This effect is likely to be mediated by the production of interleukin‐1. Since the same substance also stimulates fibroblasts, a unified view of the pathogenesis of pulmonary dust diseases is now pos

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe validity of urine cytology surveillance of occupational bladder tumor incidence was evaluated by reviewing the clinical history of nine bladder tumor cases found in dyestuff plant workers. A bladder tumor surveillance system has been organized for workers (179 active and 65 retired) who had been exposed to benzidine or beta‐naphthylamine in the plant. The system consists of two‐stage tests: periodic urine cytology as the first‐stage screening test, followed by, in suspicious cases, urological examinations as second‐stage tests. The urine cytology surveillance was found to be useful for two reasons: first, it detected tumors in five out of six cases surveyed by the system, and second, four cases screened by cytology had tumors curable by transurethral operation, while other cases underwent cystectomy.Calculated average latent periods from the first and last exposure was 26.4 years (SD = 6.0) and 14.0 years (SD = 6.2), respectively. This time period indicates that the surveillance system should continue to be used for the exposed group even after workers have ceased being

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree cases of malignant pericardial mesotheliomas are presented with evidence of occupational asbestos exposure. Examination results are compared with findings from experimental and epidemiological research on biological effects of asbestos dust. There are sufficient indications that time‐limited effects of asbestos dust established either by measurements or assessment of the amount of concentration after a latency of more than 20 years are apt to result in the development of mesotheliomas of the pleura and peritoneum and, moreover, the pericardium. It is suggested that malignant pericardial mesothelioma also be recognized as another form of occupational disease caused by asbestos dus

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case‐control interview study among 232 North Carolina women with oral or pharyngeal cancer and 410 matched controls evaluated the contribution of occupation to the high risk of this cancer among females in the South. Review of detailed occupational histories found no overall elevated odds ratios for employment in the textile, apparel, or hosiery industry, the major employer of women in the area. Risks also did not increase with years worked in the industry. The findings thus fail to confirm an association reported in surveys in the United States and Great Britain. A new clue to occupational factors was suggested by the excess risk associated with the electronics industry in coastal North Carolina, independent of the participants' tobacco habit

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn an hypothesis‐generating activity, data in a population‐based cancer registry were analyzed according to occupation and industry. The number of cases of multiple myeloma was found to be excessive for females in the occupation “cosmetologists, hairdressers and manicurists.” Race did not explain the excess. People in this occupation have potential exposure to a number of chemicals that produce mutations in bacteria. Studies should be done to investigate the hypothesis that these chemicals cause multiple myeloma in cosmeto

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOn January 3, 1980 an outbreak of illness occurred in 15 employees of a small community hospital. Symptoms included headache, nausea, vomiting, and dizziness or vertigo; the duration of illness ranged from 2 to 48 hours. The employees who became ill all worked in areas of the hospital served by one central ventilation system. None of the 180 persons working in other parts of the hospital developed symptoms requiring medical care. Less than 1 hour before the outbreak occurred, 1 liter of liquid xylene had been discarded down a sink drain in the pathology laboratory. Simulation experiments confirmed that xylene vapor could have been drawn into the room that contained the fan unit of the ventilation system. This outbreak illustrates an unusual route of exposure to a widely used laboratory chemical.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐seven years after an accident which occurred in the BASF, Ludwigshafen plant in 1953, a mortality study of persons exposed to dioxin in an uncontrolled reaction during a trichlorophenol process was undertaken. The follow‐up was 100% successful and involved 74 persons. Overall mortality (21 deaths) did not differ in this group from the rate expected in three external reference populations or from that observed in two internal comparison groups, where 18‐20 deaths were observed. Of the 21 deceased persons, 7 had cancer, compared with 4.1 expected. In addition, two other cases of cancer (one bronchial carcinoma, and one carcinoma of the prostate) are still alive. Three deaths due to stomach cancer, at ages 64, 66, and 69 years, were found, compared with 0.6 expected from regional mortality data. One stomach cancer occurred among 148 individuals in the two comparison co

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that miners, in both uranium and nonuranium mines, have an increased lung cancer mortality, probably caused by exposure to radon and its daughters. The excess mortality has been observed primarily among smoking miners but some recent studies have also indicated a considerably increased risk among nonsmoking miners. This study, among a group of iron ore miners, was undertaken to further elucidate the somewhat unclear and presumably complex relationship of mining, smoking, and lung cancer. The results show a 16‐fold increase in lung cancer mortality among miners versus nonminers. Even nonsmoking miners seem to be at a rather high risk of developing lung cancer, but there was a tendency for the most heavy smoking miners to die earlier and to have a slightly shorter induction‐latency period for development of lung cancer than was found among the nonsmoking min

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSera from 2421 coalminers, representing all the radiological categories of pneumoconiosis, and from 260 healthy blood donors, as controls, were examined for antinuclear factor and rheumatoid factor. Antinuclear factors were present in 21.5% of sera from the controls and in 23.1% from the coalminers' group. Rheumatoid factor was present in 5.3% of coalminers and as expected occurred particularly in the few men with progressive massive fibrosis who also had rheumatoid disease. The combined prevalence of both factors showed an increase with age at all disease levels and a significant association with pneumoconiosis category only in men older than 60 years. This study provides no evidence that autoantibodies are likely to be of value in detecting men predisposed to the development of massive fibrosis other than those with rheumatoid disease.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700030211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY