摘要:

AbstractThis article introduces a special issue of theAmerican Journal of Industrial Medicinededicated to innovative approaches to worker education in health and safety. Contributors to this issue describe applications of an “empowerment approach” in a wide variety of institutions and settings throughout the United States and Canada.In this article, empowerment education is presented and contrasted with other training methodologies. The article offers suggestions on how to implement this approach, discusses evaluation issues, and summarizes the articles contained in this issue. Explored are preliminary outcomes of using this methodology and implications for developing educational programs in the fut

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe underlying intent of Right‐to‐Know laws and regulations is to improve workplace conditions through worker empowerment. These regulations require employers to educate their employees about the nature and hazards of toxic substances found in the workplace, and methods to reduce exposure. This paper describes a Right‐to‐Know training program for over 4,000 local government employees which involved workers, their union, and management in the planning, implementation, and evaluation of the program. A combination of quantitative and qualitative evaluation determined the program was successful at individual, group, and structural levels. The evaluation results suggest that Right‐to‐Know training programs can make an important contribution to improving workplace health and safety when they are a well‐integrated component of a comprehensive safety and health program: they use participatory training methods, they are tailored to address specific conditions faced by the participants, and there is active labor‐managemen

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has regulated ethylene oxide (EtO) on the basis of its acute toxicity and its potential carcinogenic and reproductive effects since 1971. OSHA's 1984 EtO standard and its 1988 revisions focused new attention on health and safety training and other preventive measures. An EtO health and safety training program for hospital sterilization workers was developed by the staff of an independent occupational and environmental health clinic. Participatory and empowerment training methods were central to the approach. Also included were hands‐on, demonstration, interactive presentation, and other methods. An EtO Health and Safety Training Manual was developed based on the training experiences. This paper presents the challenges, benefits, and limitations of incorporating participatory and empowerment approaches in the design, implementation, and evaluation of EtO health and safety trainin

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe University of Massachusetts at Lowell Work Environment Department, working jointly with four New England coalitions on occupational safety and health (COSH) groups, has developed and is delivering participatory and learner‐centered health and safety training for hazardous waste site workers and emergency responders throughout New England. This consortium has created a technical curriculum for hazardous waste workers accessible to the nonspecialist and which, more importantly, draws upon workers' own experience and knowledge as a source of information, education, and experiential resources. In this article, we examine the goals of the consortium, the applicability of the training method, its successes and failures, and the wider implications such pedagogical techniques have for effective and empowering health and safety training.We conclude that such a teaching technique is a successful means of providing technical knowledge and skills in a positive and rewarding atmosphere. We also conclude, however, that the extent to which this form of education is empowering, as is claimed by many of its proponents, is less clear‐

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes two educational programs initiated to address the problems of farmworker pesticide poisoning in Nicaragua and in the United States and Puerto Rico. Both programs utilize a participatory and action‐oriented educational methodology known as popular education. The methodology is presented using examples to demonstrate its application to the planning, delivery and evaluation of pesticide education programs. Preliminary outcomes of using this methodology are also explored as well as implications for developing future training programs in the fiel

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA university‐based labor education program provides training to unionists, emphasizing the skills needed by workers and their representatives in order to promote their rights to health and safety on the job. The article describes two examples of this training approach. The first example is a training program for video display terminal (VDT) operators which prepares them to take a leadership role in advancing policies to regulate working conditions for VDT users. The second is a program designed to improve the quality of safety, or “tailgate” meetings in the construction industry by promoting an approach that encourages active worker participation in identifying potential hazards and developing solutions. The methodologies used to achieve action‐oriented outcomes are de

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLaundry workers have traditionally been offered little input into the ergonomic and health and safety aspects of their jobs. The “Let's Talk Back” program was developed in response to worker demands, in order to empower them to effectively address some of these concerns. The program, endorsed by the union and administered by a hospital ergonomist, provided formal educational sessions, physical demand analyses, and a forum in which to communicate concerns and suggestions for improvements. Language and/or literacy barriers required innovative educational approaches. Management's reluctance to allow the program to interfere with production schedules hindered the efficiency of the program, but probably contributed to the sense of empowerment in the workforce. Through active participation in ergonomic assessments as well as the educational program, workers were able to demonstrate to management that changes were nee

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe authors developed a union sponsored 2‐day human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) “train the trainer” program for healthcare workers in the San Francisco Bay Area. The program incorporated the “education for action” approach in an effort to respond to the inadequacies in many traditional, institutional trainings. Service Employees International Union (SEIU) and Labor Occupational Health Program (LOHP) conducted the HIV/AIDS “train the trainer” program for approximately 100 healthcare workers in county public hospitals and community health clinics. After completing the program, these workers went back to their healthcare facilities, or community organizations, and led additional classes on HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention for approximately 600 more people. The goal of the program was to empower healthcare workers to: 1) identify the occupational risks associated with exposure to blood and potentially infectious body fluids at the workplace; 2) develop strategies to reduce those risks; 3) discuss their feelings about caring for an HIV/AIDS patient; and, 4) conduct HIV/AIDS workshops at

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe New Jersey Department of Health, in conjunction with the Department of Personnel's Human Resources Development Institute, has developed a Right‐to‐Know Train‐the‐Trainer course. In this course, various participatory activities have been utilized since the course's inception in December 1989 to train future trainers who train public employees about recognizing, evaluating, and controlling hazardous substances in their facilities. These participatory training techniques have offered a means by which the trainers can encourage workers to become proactive in making their working conditions safer. With the use of various methods of evaluation, course participants learn the content and develop their skills in the use of participatory training techniques. Though evaluations indicate that participants have a favorable impression of the course, the extent to which these participants take the information back to their worksites has not been formally ev

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn October 1988, right‐to‐know legislation was introduced in Canada. This presented a technical and administrative challenge to the health care sector. With over 170 health care facilities in Manitoba to be brought into compliance, some large, some small, some rural, some urban, a cooperative approach was needed. A labor‐management steering committee with representatives from a cross‐section of facilities as well as the various health care unions was formed to design and implement a train‐the‐trainer program. A small‐group, highly participatory modular program was developed with input from all parties, and delivered across the province by trainers selected jointly by labor and management.The program achieved its goal of assisting member facilities to implement the legislation. Follow‐up surveys and discussions with health care workers showed improved understanding of labelling requirements, material safety data sheet interpretation, and requirements for hazard control. This first bipartite program empowered the health care workforce to use its newly acquired right‐to‐know, and has provided the incentive to implement other cooperative safety

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700220511

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY