ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080102

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractToday there seems to be sufficient data to incriminate benzene as a potent carcinogenic agent causing leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma and lung cancer, as well as numerous disorders of the bone marrow depression. Other factors (such as genetic and individual susceptibility) may have a role in the development of these different types of malignancies and hematologic disorders. In this paper, data concerning all these problems are presented and discussed.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080103

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA longitudinal study of pulmonary function and radiological change has been conducted on 141 nonsmoking coal miners and 256 smoking coal miners from Lorraine, France. At the time of the first examination occasioned by radiological change or shortness of breath, the men averaged between 46.6 years and 50.9 years of age, and they retired approximately 8 years after entering the study. They have been followed for average periods of about 18 years and a mean of five FEV1observations per man were made over that period. Changes in radiological category have been documented. Average rates of decline of FVC and FEV1were similar, and varied between −47 ml/yr in nonsmoking miners still alive, to −78 ml/yr in deceased smoking miners. These accelerated rates were similar before and after retirement from the m

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080104

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBlood lead elimination half‐lives were determined for 65 patients with occupational chronic lead intoxication who were removed from exposure, treated with intravenous EDTA, and followed for periods of up to 2,419 days. The median overall blood lead elimination half‐life was 619 days in patients with normal renal function and 1,907 days in patients with renal impairment. Slow‐phase elimination half‐lives in patients followed for longer than 5 years ranged from 1,658 to 7,189 days. Blood lead concentrations declined during periods of chelation with a mean half‐life of 7 days and rebounded to near prechelation concentrations following termination of chelation with a mean doubling time of 27 days. The overall blood lead elimination half‐life was positively associated with length of follow‐up (p<0.001), age (p = 0.04), and duration of exposure (p = 0.02), but was not associated with the initial blood lead concentration following cessation of exposure or the total amount of

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080105

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe tendency for readers of chest films of the pneumoconioses to place films in the middle of the International Labour Office (ILO) categories of profusion (eg, 1/1, 2/2) was described by Morgan et al [1974], who saw this tendency as a possible source of bias. The present study reexamines the middling tendency in relation to bias and variability by comparing duplicate readings of chest films for pneumoconiosis. Readings of trained lay persons were compared to professional readings of the same films and readings of professional readers were compared with each other.Reasons for the middling tendency, which include the use of standard middle films and the instructions given to users of the classification, are suggested and possible solutions are proposed.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080106

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwenty‐two underground coal workers with 27 or more years of coal dust exposure were studied with gallium‐67 citrate (Ga‐67) imaging. Radiographic evidence of coal workers pneumoconiosis (CWP) was present in 12 subjects. The Ga‐67 scan was abnormal in 11 of 12 with, and 9 of 10 without, CWP. The Ga‐67 uptake index was significantly correlated with total dust exposure (p0.05). There was no correlation between Ga‐67 uptake and spirometric function, which was normal in this group of patients; furthermore, increased lung uptake of gallium did not indicate a poor prognosis in subjects no longer exposed to coal dust. While coal dust exposure may be associated with positive Ga‐67 lung scan in coal miners with many years of coal dust exposure, the scan provided no information not already available from a careful exposure history and a chest radiograph. Since Ga‐67 scanning is a relatively expensive procedure we would recommend that its use in subjects with asymptomatic CWP be limited to an investigative role and not be made part of a rou

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080107

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractProportional mortality of actors and actresses was studied because cancers of many sites have been linked to hair dyes and cosmetics of which actors have been frequent users. Death records (1950–1978) for 2,618 white male and 838 white female members of Actors Equity and the Screen Actors Guild were compared with the U.S. mortality rates. Among males, significantly elevated proportional mortality ratios (MPR) were found for suicide (1.58), cirrhosis of the liver (1.99), all malignancies (1.15), and cancers of the colon/rectum (1.32), pancreas (1.51), and testes (2.37). Colon/rectum and pancreas cancers were not significantly elevated by proportional cancer mortality. Among females, significantly elevated PMRs were found for suicide (2.02) and lung cancer (2.20). Suicide in either sex was much more common in California than in New York. The elevated lung cancer in females was confined to Equity members. No elevations were found for cancers that have been related to hair dye or cosmetic use—ie, breast, ovary, bladder, leukemia, and lympho

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080108

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEthylene oxide was tested in environmental air and in the alveolar air of 10 workers employed in a hospital sterilizer unit at hourly intervals during the work shift. Alveolar ethylene oxide concentrations (Ca) were correlated with environmental concentration (Ci) in all the workers studied (r = 0.89–0.99). The ratio between alveolar and environmental concentration (Ca/Ci) given by the slope of the regression line obtained for all the data collected was 0.24. This means that the alveolar retention of ethylene oxide, expressed as 1 ‐ (Ca/Ci), corresponded, on average, to about 75% of the environmental concentrat

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080109

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080110

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700080111

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY