ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA two‐year study was carried out on human subjects of various ages and backgrounds who had been drinking water containing more than 0.05 mg/liter (0.05 ppm) arsenic for a period of at least five years. The main aim was to correlate the frequency of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges in the lymphocytes with the amount of arsenic in the water. In addition, we explored the incidence of skin cancer, fetal wastage, and genetic or developmental abnormalities. Several other variables—eg, coffee, wine, and cigarette consumption; sex, residence (rural vs urban); and exposure to chemicals, smelters, or pesticides—were also taken into consideration. The data on chromosome aberrations (104 exposed and 86 control individuals) and on sister chromatid exchanges (98 exposed and 83 control individuals) did not show that arsenic at concentrations used by our population (>0.05 mg/liter) has any effect on these parameters. Similarly, no other health effects of arsenic at these concentrations were

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA patient with a history of decorating glass fixtures by means of abrasive etching presented with a disease characterized by diffuse infiltrates on chest roentgenogram and restriction and diffusion impairment on pulmonary function testing. Mineralogic analysis of biopsied pulmonary lesions showed particles consistent in composition to the glasses etched and abrasives used. The former particles were noncrystalline. Silicate mineral phases were identified as well, these displaying crystalline properties. Previous studies of workers exposed to abrasives, ie, silicon carbide and emery (as a form of corundum) suggest slight pneumoconiotic risk exists; this is also the case for workers exposed to forms of industrially made glass. The question is raised as to whether there exists, in this present case, an etiological association between exposure to respirable glassy particles and the development of pulmonary scarring.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe heterocyclic secondary amine piperazine is known to cause asthma. In a cohort of 602 workers, employed during the period 1942‐1979, at a chemical industry where piperazine is handled, a study conducted by means of a mailed questionnaire showed a strong exposure‐response relationship as to frequency of work‐related airway symptoms indicating asthma. In the most exposed group about a third of the workers had experienced such symptoms. Age, length of employment, smoking habits, and previous work‐related asthmatic symptoms, but not atopy, modified the response. Further, there was an association between piperazine exposure and chronic bronchitis. In the most exposed group every fourth subject had chronic bronchitis. The frequency was modified by smoking habits; atopy was a confounder. Although many subjects, especially high‐exposed ones, left work because of airway symptoms, there was no difference in occurrence of airway symptoms between former and present employees, ie, no “healthy worker selection” (“survivor popu

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSome information on chemical composition of products used in the workplace can be obtained by requesting composition data from product marketers.Workers in auto repair and body shops identified 253 products used in their shops. Full disclosure of composition was obtained for approximately 20% of the 174 products marketed by companies which answered our letters. Composition was partially disclosed for approximately 40% of the products, and about 10% of the product formulations were claimed to be trade secret or confidential.The study reported in this paper was carried out in New York State in 1980, before the effective date of the New York State right‐to‐know law. The results of this study can be used as a benchmark to judge the effectiveness of worker right‐to‐know laws and product labeling regu

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractRelying on in vitro production of the macrophage fibrogenic factor, an attempt was made to quantitate the fibrogenicity of mineral particles. Having determined the optimal conditions by means of quartz, two series of experiments were conducted with respirable coal mine dusts; the first employed artificial mixtures of a mine dust, having a low natural quartz content, with various proportions of quartz, and the second native dusts from European mines.The fibrogenic responses in both series suggest that dust concentration is more important than its composition. Quartz and ash contents of native dusts bore no evident relation to fibrogenicity, high quartz and ash levels sometimes being associated with low collagen levels and vice versa. Comparison with other information disclosed disparities with epidemiology and different experimental assessments. Factors affecting the disarray may well include the neglected lipid response in vivo and individual susceptibility, aspects which do not appear beyond experimental assay.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSerum immunoglobulin (Ig) levels were measured in 788 coalworkers and 121 nonmining controls for comparison with the radiological category of pneumoconiosis after taking into account age and smoking habit. In addition a simple assessment of humoral immune competence was made by estimating the titre of serum antibody against the common gut commensal Escherichia coli. Smoking was found to depress serum IgA and IgM whilst levels of IgG and IgA increased slightly with age. Men with radiological signs of coalworkers pneumoconiosis (CWP) had significantly raised levels of IgA and IgG with increasing pneumoconiosis category. Even coalworkers with less than category 1 simple pneumoconiosis had raised levels of IgA, suggesting that increased production of this immunoglobulin occurs before radiologically identifiable pathological changes have occurred in the lung tissue. No association between reduced humoral immune competence and radiological category of pneumoconiosis was found. Whether high Ig levels in men exposed to coal dust are merely a passive response to dusted lung tissue or whether they indicate that an immunological process is important in the development of pneumoconiotic lesions remains uncertain.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060511

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY