ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060602

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060603

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractChest radiographs, taken at a 9‐year interval for 1,261 U.S. coal miners, were read for pneumoconiosis side‐by‐side by six readers in a controlled trial. Incidence and progression of small, rounded opacities were consistent with levels predicted from dose‐response curves developed by the British Pneumoconiosis Field Research interpolated at a concentration derived from U.S. compliance levels mandated over the last 9 years. The results imply that the level of pneumoconiosis in U.S. miners is being reduced through application of the current 2 mg/m3standard. The long developmental period for pneumoconiosis necessitates that further study be undertaken to verify this finding and to determine whether 2 mg/m3is an appropriate regulatory dust level for the prevention of category 2 or greater simple pneumoconiosis over a 35‐ye

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060604

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExamination of the incidence and progression of pneumoconiosis over 9 years in 1,261 nationally distributed U.S. coal miners has been undertaken in relationship to potential causative factors. Use has been made of a large body of data on dust levels collected by the Mine Safety and Health Administration principally for compliance purposes. Reported dust levels were low and generally under the current 2 mg/m3standard. No link between dust level and disease progression could be detected. Some evidence was seen that radiological change was related to dust exposures prior to the study in both coal and noncoal mines, and thus experienced before the current dust standards were mandated. Neither migration of miners nor mining method appeared to be associated with disease incidence or progression. None of these findings can be taken as final, as the period of study is short and the number of cases of pneumoconiosis few. Further study is under way to obtain more reliable information over a longer period of follow‐u

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060605

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractCoal‐mine owners are required to measure miner exposures to respirable dust so that compliance with Federal health regulations can be monitored. This study analyzes the problem of possible underreporting of dust exposures. Using two statistical approaches, data for three mining occupations in 54 large underground coal mines during 1976–1978 are examined for evidence of underreporting. First, regression estimates compare dust concentrations reported by coal‐mine owners with those reported by government health inspectors. Then, the statistical distribution of concentrations reported by coal‐mine owners are examined for the size and nature of their deviation from log‐normality. Both approaches suggest widespread under

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060606

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe first reported case of a possible toxic effect of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) exposure in the microfilm manufacturing industry is described. Reversible subjective central nervous sytem complaints and asymptomatic hematopoetic effects occurred following inhalation and skin exposure to EGME. Hematopoetic changes occurred at airborne levels which have been associated with reproductive and teratogenic effects in other studies. This finding leads to a recommendation for further research to determine whether or not hematopoetic medical surveillance can provide an indication of not only EGME hematopoetic effects but also an indication of sufficient EGME exposure to affect human reproduction and fetal development.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060607

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 75 active lead workers the median lead level in finger‐bone (bone‐Pb), as determined in vivo by an X‐ray fluorescence method, was 43 μg/g (range<20–122). In 32 retired workers the median level was even higher, 59 μg/g (range<20–135), which indicates a slow turnover rate of lead in finger‐bone. This was confirmed in 18 of the “active” workers, in whom bone‐Pb was studied in connection with an exposure‐free period. In spite of a significant decrease in blood‐lead levels (B‐Pb), no systematic change of bone‐Pb occurred. There was an increase of bone‐Pb with time of employment, but with a large interindividual variation. No association was found between bone‐Pb and present B‐Pb in the active lead workers. However, in the retired ones, B‐Pb rose with increasing bone‐Pb. The bone‐lead pool

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060608

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA model has been developed for setting standard limiting concentrations for toxic substances in the body fluid or tissues of industrial workers. The method is very flexible, and allows the use of either univariate or multivariate data, and of classification schemes, which are either supervised, unsupervised, or partially supervised. An index of subclinical biological damage is derived which is used to determine an optimal limiting exposure level. The model is applied to the particular case of selecting a maximum allowable concentration of blood lead in workers in industrial settings where lead toxicity is a danger.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060609

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060610

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700060611

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY