摘要:

AbstractMesothelioma incidence rates based on data from population‐based cancer registries in New York State (exclusive of New York City), Los Angeles County, California, and the SEER Program of the National Cancer Institute were analyzed for trends, using original cancer registry diagnoses. Results indicate a significant increase in incidence during 1973–80 for pleural mesothelioma among white males older than 55 at time of diagnosis but not for other age‐race‐sex‐site subgroups. A histopathologic review of New York State and Los Angeles County cases by two independent pathologists, expert in the diagnosis of mesothelioma, lowered the overall estimates but a significant upward trend remained. The observed trend does not appear to be related to changes in diagnostic practice. The results of a five‐member panel of expert pathologists will be published in a separate method

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn an epidemiologic study of 6,359 oil shale workers, 1,664 (46.7%) of 3,566 survivors were investigated. No excess of skin disease (as reported in response to a questionnaire) was found in men exposed to oil or dust, whether compared to men who were not exposed to oil or dust or to coalminers. A low prevalence of simple pneumoconiosis was found in workers exposed to dust, while progressive massive fibrosis occurred in approximately 1% of miners and retort workers. Comparisons of responders with non‐responders revealed no serious bias in terms of age or work experience, though non‐responders were likely to have been less healthy in gene

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a case control study of 122 ex‐shale workers, half of whom had simple pneumoconiosis and half of whom did not, those with pneumoconiosis were found to have the poorer lung function. Significant reductions in forced expiratory capacity (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), Vmax50, lung volumes, and carbon monoxide transfer were found in men with pneumoconiosis. It is suggested that these abnormalities may represent a mixture of pulmonary fibrosis and airways obstruction related to exposure to dust and fumes in shale mines and at shale retort

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn a mortality study of a population of 6,359 male Scottish oil shale workers, the vital status of 6,145 (96.6%) was determined. Sufficient data on occupational histories for analyses of mortality in relation to jobs held were available for 6,064 (95.4%) of the workers. No significant excess of mortality from any disease was found in relation to any jobs in the industry. Comparison of the mortality experience of those 3,161 men who joined the population prior to 1953 with that of the whole Scottish population showed an excess of deaths from skin cancer but no significant excess that was due to other disease. Comparisons with the population of the counties in which the industry was situated showed no significant excess of deaths from any cause examined. A casecontrol study of lung cancer in the shale area showed no excess risk of this disease in association with work in the industry.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThree cohorts of women were identified with the aid of occupational codes in the census, linked to the Medical Birth Registry and an Inpatient Registry, containing information on women hospitalized for spontaneous abortion. The three cohorts were selected from the same socioeconomic stratum but had different probabilities to be exposed for video screen work: high, medium, and low. The total pregnancy outcome of the three groups of women did not differ significantly, but there was a weak trend for more spontaneous abortions and perhaps also for congenital malformations in the group with the highest video screen work exposure; however, the differences could be random. Comparisons of delivery outcomes for these cohorts in 1976–77 with those in 1980–81 did not show any consistent pattern in spite of the heavy computerization of these workplaces which occurred between the two time periods. The second part of this report studies the material in further det

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA case–control study on work with video screen equipment during pregnancy has been made for three cohorts of women, identified with the aid of occupational codes in the census, linked to the Medical Birth Registry and a registry containing information on women hospitalized for spontaneous abortion. Five hundred and twenty–two cases were selected (women with spontaneous abortions or women who had infants that died, had severe malformations, or had a birth–weight below 1,500 g) and 1,032 controls (women who had infants without any of these characteristics) taken from the same age stratum as the cases. All pregnancies had occurred in 1980–81. Questionnaires were mailed to the women asking for information on their work situation, including questions about work with video screen equipment. Fifty–eight women were excluded for various reasons. Response rate was 93%–lower (89%) among women with spontaneous abortions than among women who gave birth (95%). As stress and smoking were associated with video screen work, the effect of video screen work was analyzed after stratification for stress and smoking–no statistically significant effect of video screen work was seen but odds ratios were above 1. Crude odds ratios for video screen work were significantly elevated and showed a dose–dependent effect. This finding is discussed from the point of view of biases in the study: selective non–responding, recall bias, geographical variability, and lack of information on women who had induced abortions. Using questionnaire data for exposure rates in the populations studied, an estimate of the effect of>10 hr weekly work with video screens on spontaneous abortion rate was made. The point estimate was 1.04 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.9–1.2. Analysis of 44 infants with birth defects whose mothers had worked more than 10 hr/week with video screen equipment compared to 30 infants with birth defects whose mothers had not used such equipment in early pregnancy showed no signs of specificity in the t

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing national population–based registries which link cancer incidence (1961–1979) with 1960 census data on industry and occupation for all employed individuals in Sweden, a systematic assessment was made of nasal cancer (ICD 7th Rev. 160) with special reference to occurrence in manufacturing industries and craftsman–tradesman occupations. Data are presented for three histologic categories: adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and other histologic types. The highest risks (18–fold) were observed for adenocarcinoma among men employed in furniture making. Elevated risks were also observed for textile workers of both sexes. The findings are generally consistent with previous reports from other countries and help clarify the role of occupation in the origins of nasal

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn order to assess the utility of67gallium citrate in delineating malignant pleural mesothelioma from benign asbestos–related pleural disease, 49 patients with malignant mesothelioma and 16 with benign asbestos–related pleural disease were studied. Seven patients with malignant mesothelioma had no history of asbestos exposure, while the remaining 58 patients were exposed. Forty–three of the 49 patients (88%) with malignant mesothelioma had a positive67gallium scan including 36 of the 42 (86%) patients with asbestos exposure and all 7 patients without a history of asbestos exposure. Three of 16 patients (19%) with benign asbestos–related pleural disease had a positive scan.67Gallium radionuclide imaging is nonspecific but may be valuable in noninvasive monitoring of asbestos–exposed populations, which have a high risk for the late development of benign and/or malignant pleura

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700090511

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY