摘要:

in order to provide longitudinal datafor endosteal bladevent implants, a continuing study is being conducted from an original group of 49 implants in 32 patients placed 15 years ago. The present work evaluated 26 of these bladevent implants in 18 patients. Three basic patterns were observed 15 years postoperatively: (1) In 13 of 26 implants, there was clinical and radiographic evidence of health; (2) in 13 of 26 implants, there was a radiolucency 2‐ to 3‐mm square around the neck and shoulder of the implants, along with sulcular depths capable of being probed and evidence of bleeding on probing; and (3) two implants showed evidence of settling deeper into the bone. These results indicate that bladevent endosteal implants can be maintained in the mouth for up to 15 years, and 50% can be free from periodontal disease.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.589

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

several studies have indicated thatthe combination of metronidazole and spiramycin is synergistic against anaerobic bacteria and may be effective against oral infections. The present study sought to determine the efficacy and safety of a commercial preparation of these two antibiotics (Rodogyl) when used adjunctively in the treatment of advanced periodontal disease. In a double‐blind parallel randomized trial, 56 patients (mean age = 44 years) with advanced periodontitis (50 of whom completed the study) were assigned to either the Rodogyl or placebo group. Both groups were thoroughly scaled and root planed for approximately 6 hours, with one group receiving Rodogyl for 2 weeks and the other a placebo. No other therapy was received during the study period.Two sites in each patient with probing depths of at least 7 mm were selected for study. Plaque level (PlI), gingival inflammation (GI), probing depth (PD), and attachment level (AL) were measured at baseline, 14 days, 1 month, and then at monthly intervals up to 6 months. Subgingival bacteria were monitored with dark‐field microscopy. The development of resistant bacteria, as well as side effects to the medications, was also monitored.The Rodogyl group exhibited a greater gain in AL (0.67 mm) from the 2‐month interval until the end of the study. Although this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), it was not necessarily of biologic significance. There was a significantly greater decline in the proportion of spirochetes in the Rodogyl group at the 14‐day interval, and this difference remained significant (P<0.05) at all study intervals. No difference in the proportion of motile organisms was observed. At the 6‐month interval, there were no significant differences in resistant bacteria. Diarrhea was recorded in 8% of the subjects in the Rodogyl Group.The adjunctive use of Rodogyl in the therapy of advanced periodontitis resulted in a significant increase in attachment level as well as a significant decrease in the proportion of spirochetes, and both of these changes were sustained until the end of the study.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.594

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

previous studies have demonstratedthat certain local juvenile periodontitis (LJP) patients possess neutrophils with an intrinsic chemotactic defect to the peptide chemoattractants f‐met‐leu‐phe (FMLP) and C5a. In this investigation, thein vitroresponse of neutrophils to the chemotactic agent leukotriene B4(LTB4) was examined. Those LJP patients who possessed defective chemotactic responses to FMLP and endotoxin activated serum (EAS) also had impaired Chemotaxis to LTB4. Exogenous LTB4failed to augment the impaired response to FMLP. Evidence for a global membrane defect in LJP neutrophils resulting in hyporesponsiveness to chemically diverse chemotactic agents is presented.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.602

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the relationship between human leukocyte antigens (hla) determinantsand periodontitis has been examined by several authors without showing any particular pattern. However, no study has investigated the HLA‐D determinants, which are generally associated with immune disorders, and rapidly progressive periodontitis (RPP).The HLA profile of 10 RPP patients was compared with that of a healthy control population (n= 120). Although no significant difference was found for HLA‐A, HLA‐B, and HLA‐C, HLA‐DR4of the HLA‐D group was found in 80% of patients but only in 38.3% of controls. A high frequency of HLA‐DR4has been reported in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This finding may be significant in light of previous reports highlighting similarities between RA and periodontal disease.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.607

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

calcium concentrations in plaque of patientswith juvenile (JP) and adult (AP) periodontitis were compared. These calcium concentrations in JP patients were significantly (P<0.01) lower than in AP patients. Because JP patients are not intense calculus‐formers, the finding that they have low calcium concentrations in plaque agrees with the authors' previous suggestion that calculus formation is a marker of high calcium concentrations in plaque.JP patients have good caries resistance in general, as was the case in this study. The finding that they have low calcium concentrations in plaque conflicts with the view that caries‐resistant dentitions are usually associated with high concentrations of calcium in plaque.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.611

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The biochemical analysis of gingival crevicular fluid(GCF) may offer a sensitive means of determining periodontal disease activity, including the transition of gingivitis to periodontitis. To continue our evaluation of the relationship between clinical and GCF parameters, 552 sites with shallow to intermediate (2.0–5.0 mm) probing depths (PD) were examined. The data were collected at baseline from 33 periodontitis patients participating in a longitudinal trial examining the relationship of changes in GCF biochemistry to attachment loss. Mesiobuccal sites were scored for dichotomous measures of bleeding on probing, gingival redness, suppuration, and plaque accumulation. In addition, GCF was collected using filter paper strips inserted into the sulcus for 30 seconds, eluted in buffer and assayed for activity of the enzymes β‐glucuronidase (BG), arylsulfatase (AS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), markers for ground substance‐degradation and cellular necrosis, respectively. Clinical and GCF parameters were evaluated by increasing PD. Plaque accumulation and bleeding on probing increased with increasing PD, although there was considerable overlap across groups. Suppuration was present in only a very small number of sites and the proportion of sites displaying gingival redness was not related to PD. GCF volume was grouped in 0.25‐μl increments, revealing a progressive shift with increasing PD toward a normal distribution around the median range of 0.51 to 0.75μl at 5.0 mm. Mean enzyme activities of BG, and to a lesser extent AS and LDH increased sharply from 2.0 to 3.0 mm, were relatively stable from 3.5 to 4.5 mm, and were significantly higher in 5.0 mm than 4.5 mm sites. Lysosomal enzyme activity in GCF was more closely related to bleeding on probing than was cytoplasmic enzyme activity or GCF volume. GCF volume was more closely related to AS activity in the sample than to BG or LDH activity. These data suggest the discriminatory power of GCF analysis. Furthermore, evaluation of lysosomal enzyme activity in GCF may be a more sensitive indicator of tissue status than traditional clinical indices.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.614

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

interest has recently been directedtowards the use of antiplaque mouthrinses. Most published material concerns the antimicrobial effects of these agents rather than their effects upon oral tissue. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a sanguinarine‐containing mouthrinse called Viadent®upon epithelial‐like gingival cells. The cells were grown for 24 hours in supplemented Earle's medium, with and without different Viadent®dilutions. Cell counts were made with a hematocytometer. It was found that 50% of the cells were inhibited at 1.2% Viadent®. In similar studies, it was found that 70% ethanol and two pH buffers were less toxic than Viadent®. Exposure of preformed cell monolayers to Viadent®also showed significant inhibition. The relative toxicity of different antiplaque agents may be compared using such cells as a model system. In conclusion, it was observed that Viadent®significantly affected gingival cell growthin vitro, that viable cell numbers were greatly reduced by short time exposure, and that the toxic effect of Viadent®could only partially be accounted for by ethanol content and/or pH.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.622

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

this investigation monitored the effectsof daily oral rinses with octenidine on plaque and gingivitis in five monkeys. Formulations containing 0.5% or 1.0% octenidine or the rinse vehicle placebo were provided daily for 2 weeks. Each week the dentition of each monkey was examined, photographed, and sampled for plaque. All responses exhibited a numerical decrease in mean scores following treatments with each concentration of octenidine, whereas the placebo treatment exerted negligible effects. Decreases in plaque mass were observed after 2 weeks of treatment with 1% octenidine (58%) or 0.5% octenidine (55%) compared with the corresponding baseline values. Similar trends were noted in the extent and thickness of supragingival plaque and its ability to decrease the pH of a sucrose solution. Octenidine treatments reduced the proportions of motile forms in samples of subgingival plaque and also restricted its ability to produce H2S. Slight numerical decreases were seen in the Gingival Index and flow rate of the crevicular fluid. These consistent protective trends suggest that octenidine decreases the pathogenic potential of established plaque.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.628

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ascanning electron microscopeand electron probe study was carried out to compare root structure from deep within periodontal pockets with roots exhibiting no periodontal disease. To eliminate the possibility of extraneous ion introduction or deletion, no attempt was made to subject the roots to fixation, embedding, or dehydration prior to sectioning and viewing in the electron microscope.Mineral content and concentration were determined with an electron probe on two specimens per tooth. On one specimen, only the external cementai surface was analyzed. On an adjacent cross section, readings were taken from the surface and at incremental depths into the root. A nonparametric statistical analysis compared diseased with nondiseased roots.The following conclusions can be drawn from the study: (1) Consistent and repeatable qualitative electron probe analyses can be performed on human teeth with minimal specimen preparation. This gives a more accurate assessment, since the integrity of the crystalline structure is not disrupted. (2) Minerals consistently found were P, Ca, Cu, Zn, Mg and Na. They were in similar concentrations throughout the area analyzed. (3) Mg and Cu showed higher values in the nondiseased teeth. (4) There were no differences in concentrations for Ca, P, Zn, and Na between roots exposed to a periodontal pocket and nondiseased roots.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.634

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

thirty‐four cardiac patients, treated with nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia) during a period of 1 year or more, developed slight to severe gingival epithelial hyperplasia, and five cases presented nodular overgrowth of the gingiva. In terms of histopathologic and clinical morphology, nifedipine‐induced gingival hyperplasia is similar to that known to be caused by Phenytoin (Dilantin). Both drugs have the ability to alter calcium metabolism. We believe that the hyperplastic condition is related to calcium imbalance.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.9.639

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY