摘要:

The purpose ofthis study was to obtain a direct comparison of the bone forming abilities of autogenous osseous coagulum, autogenous bone blend, freeze‐dried bone allograft, and decalcified freeze‐dried bone allograft. Defects were created in the calvaria of 35 guinea pigs. The graft materials were placed in porous nylon chambers and implanted into the defects. Empty nylon chambers served as the controls. Three days prior to sacrifice, each animal received an injection of85Sr. The animals were killed in groups of five at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. At sacrifice, a small section of ilium was removed from each animal. The samples were recovered, weighed, and the uptake of85Sr into new bone determined. An osteogenic index was obtained by dividing cpm/mg for each sample by cpm/mg of ilium. It was concluded that in this model system decalcified freeze‐dried bone allograft is a graft material of high osteogenic potential while autogenous bone blend and osseous coagulum were of less potential, and freeze‐dried bone allograft even less.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.291

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose ofthis study was to make a direct histological comparison of new bone formation evoked by decalcified freeze‐dried bone allograft, freeze‐dried bone allograft, autogenous osseous coagulum, and autogenous bone blend. Defects were surgically created in the calvaria of 35 guinea pigs. The graft materials were placed in porous nylon chambers and implanted into the defects. Implanted empty nylon chambers served as controls. The animals were sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days. New bone formation was determined quantitatively from histologic preparations. It was concluded that, in this model system, decalcified freezedried bone allograft is a graft material of high osteogenic potential; autogenous osseous coagulum and bone blend of less potential, and freeze‐dried bone allograft even less.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.297

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This experimenttested the capacity of a calf‐skin collagen‐mineral gel to induce bone regeneration within surgically‐created periodontal defects in one dog and four monkeys. No bone regeneration occurred within 8 to 14 weeks. Healing primarily consisted of soft connective tissue formation and re‐epithelialization. Notched defects on root surfaces did not repair with cementum and were always foci of inflammation.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.303

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This studywas performed to evaluate the effects of orthodontic therapy on the width of the zone of keratinized gingiva. Pre‐ and post‐treatment photographic slides, plaster study casts, and cephalograms were examined. The labial surfaces of 966 teeth in a sample of 100 orthodontic patients were studied. Widths of the keratinized gingiva were determined from photographic slides. Crown lengths were measured from the study casts, and measurements were performed on the cephalograms. Data were collected and analyzed in three categories: 1) The overall changes in the width of the keratinized gingiva and the lengths of the clinical crowns during the course of orthodontic therapy; 2) An analysis of grouped data with a comparison of the pre‐existing widths of keratinized gingiva to the post‐treatment periodontal status of the patient; and 3) A correlation analysis of the changes in the dimensions of the tissues to the changes in tooth position as measured on the cephalograms. The results of the study revealed: 1) Increases in the width of the keratinized gingiva may occur on some teeth during the course of orthodontic therapy; 2) Statistically significant increases in the clinical crown during orthodontic therapy are not reflected in statistically significant decreases in the width of keratinized gingiva; 3) Minimal widths of keratinized gingiva (less than 2 mm) are capable of withstanding the stresses of orthodontic mechanics; 4) Teeth that are lacking in any keratinized gingiva prior to orthodontic treatment will not form any new keratinized tissue during the course of orthodontic therapy; 5) Mucogingival problems noted after orthodontic therapy are often the result of a pre‐existing mucogingival problem; 6) Changes in the dimensions of the keratinized gingiva correlated statistically with the orthodontic movement of the maxillary central incisors (P<0.001) and, with the maxillary and mandibular cuspids (P<0.02).

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.307

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tooth positionhas been suggested to be an important factor in gingival recession. Due to conflicting reports in the literature, this study was undertaken to examine the effects of labial tooth movement on changes in the marginal periodontium. Orthodontic tooth movement was performed in five monkeys (Macaca nemistrina). Oral health was established and exploratory surgery was performed to assess the level of the connective tissue attachment and marginal bone. Measurements of the gingival margin and mucogingival junction were taken and orthodontic forces were applied. The central incisors were moved labially a mean distance of 3.05 mm. Posttherapy measurements were performed to assess the change which occurred as a result of tooth movement. Significant recession of the gingival margin, connective tissue level and marginal bone was found.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.314

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

α‐1‐Antitrypsin phenotypesand serum levels were determined in 19 patients with juvenile periodontitis in order to test whether reduced periodontal resistance in this disease is caused by decreased serum protease inhibitory capacity resulting from deficientα‐1‐antitrypsin phenotypes. The phenotyping of the patients' sera was performed by thin‐layer isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel. The quantitation ofα‐1‐antitrypsin was performed using the radial immunodiffusion technique. All 19 patients displayed the most common phenotype M. Twelve patients had the subclass M1M1, two the M1M2and five the M1M3. Theα‐1‐antitrypsin levels in the patients' sera were within normal limits. The results do not support the hypothesis that deficient production ofα‐1‐antitrypsin is causally related to juvenile periodontitis.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.321

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Antibodies to herpessimplex virus were found by immunofluorescent techniques in the gingival fluid of 84.0% of the persons tested. A mixture of IgG and IgA antibodies was demonstrated in 52.3% of the specimens while in 47.7% only IgG antibodies were found. Neutralization of herpes simplex virus infection in Vero cells by the gingival fluid was also demonstrated. No correlation between recurrences of herpes infection and the type of antibodies produced could be established.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.324

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fifteen patients, eight males and seven females, ranging from 30 to 88 years of age with advanced periodontal disease were selected for this study. Biopsies and blood samples were taken of both normal and inflamed gingival tissues, and processed for detection of nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase activity in monocytes and macrophages. Activated macrophages, as indicated by their intense reaction to acid phosphatase and nonspecific esterase, were found in the gingival epithelium, lamina propria, perivascular tissues and in the blood vessels in human chronic periodontitis. Blood smears of monocytes showed variability of stain intensity suggesting that their activation occurred in blood vessels where they marginate and emigrate into the perivascular tissues in chronic periodontitis. They then appear as macrophages that migrate through the connective tissue, penetrate the basement membrane and continue through the epithelium. The nonspecific esterase stain identified T‐cells, by a singular dot‐like granule, and plasma cells by multiple granules in the cyotplasm. Lymphocytes containing multiple cytoplasmic nonspecific esterase positive granules commonly were found only in the perivascular connective tissue and may represent B‐cell differentiation to plasma cells. The plasma cell predominance, the presence of T‐cells and activated macrophages indicated both humoral and cell‐mediated responses are operative in human chronic periodontitis.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1981.52.6.328

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1981

数据来源: WILEY