摘要:

a survey of american academy of periodontology memberswas conducted to determine: (1) the number of Academy members with hospital staff privileges, (2) the frequency with which Academy members use hospital facilities, and (3) the amount of training Academy members have had in physical evaluation and assessment of medical risk. The results indicate that over half of all Academy members have hospital staff privileges, with the majority of these being active Academy members. One third of the 945 Academy members who perform dentistry in a hospital operating room treat only one to two cases a year. Fewer than one fifth of the questionnaire respondents who perform dentistry in an operating room treat more than 12 cases per year. Approximately 95% of Academy members believe that periodontal training programs should include a course in physical evaluation and assessment of medical risk. The amount of formal training in physical evaluation and assessment of medical risk varies widely among Academy members. Over one third of 1,144 questionnaire respondents have had no formal training in physical evaluation and assessment of medical risk, while fewer than one tenth have had over 80 hours of formal training.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.663

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

this study evaluated clinically the effectivenessof hand versus sonic subgingival scaling and root planing in the removal of calculus by visually examining the root surface at the time of periodontal flap surgery. Consideration was given to the method of instrumentation, probing depth, number of roots, and type of tooth surface.Eleven patients with moderate to advanced periodontal disease were evaluated. Four subjects were scaled and root planed with the Titan‐S only, four with curettes only, and three with the Titan‐S + curettes. At reevaluation 3 to 6 weeks after scaling and root planing, the decision to perform periodontal flap surgery was made based upon probing depth, bleeding upon probing, previous access to the root surface, furcation involvement, and the patient's level of oral hygiene. A full thickness mucoperiosteal flap was elevated to gain access to the root surface and measure the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the residual calculus.A total of 690 surfaces were evaluated surgically. The percentage of surfaces with residual calculus for each method of instrumentation was: Titan‐S only (31.9%), curettes only (26.8%), and Titan‐S + curettes (16.9%). Overall, 15.7% of the surfaces probing 0 to 3 mm, 29.3% of the surfaces probing 4 to 5 mm, and 44.4% of the surfaces probing 6 to 12 mm had residual calculus.It was concluded that: (1) the combination of the Titan‐S + curettes was more effective than either method used alone; (2) there was no consistent difference between the Titan‐S and curettes; (3) as the probing depth increased, the percentage of surfaces with residual calculus increased; and (4) subgingival calculus removal was more difficult for multiplerooted teeth and for proximal surfaces.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.672

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the aim of the investigation was to clarifythe effects of the resolving of inflammation on one hand and the removal of occlusal trauma on the other hand on the rate of sulcular fluid flow (SFF) from deep periodontal pockets. Forty‐seven adult patients having at least one tooth with an inflamed>5 mm periodontal pocket and elevated mobility associated with occlusal trauma were selected for the study. After oral hygiene instruction and supragingival scaling, the rate of sulcular fluid flow of the test teeth was recorded on Day 0. After the baseline recording, each patient was randomly assigned to either Group A or Group B. The test teeth of Group A were subjected to subgingival scaling and root planing under local anesthesia, and the test teeth of Group B were subjected to occlusal adjustment. On Day 14 sulcular fluid flow was recorded for both groups, after which Group A received occlusal adjustment and group B received scaling and root planing. On Day 28 the sulcular fluid flow recordings were repeated for both groups.The mean flow rates of both Group A and Group B decreased significantly (P<0.05) from Day 0 to Day 28. When the occlusal interference was eliminated 2 weeks after scaling and root planing (Group A), no additional decrease in sulcular fluid flow was observed. When the occlusal interference was eliminated before scaling and root planing (Group B), the reduction in sulcular fluid flow remained statistically insignificant through the first 2week observation period. For the incisors and canines, a significant (P<0.05) reduction in SFF was measured after scaling and root planing of the occlusally adjusted teeth (Group B). It was concluded that occlusal interferences do not affect the quality of sulcular fluid flow.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.681

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the effects of twice weekly topical applicationsof hydrogen peroxide on the buccal epithelium of Syrian hamsters were studied. Animals were treated either with hydrogen peroxide alone, with hydrogen peroxide and the carcinogen 9, 10‐dimethyl‐l,2‐benzanthracene (DMBA), or with DMBA alone. In animals treated with 30% H2O2alone, histopathologic examination after 22 weeks revealed hyperkeratosis and hyperplasia in all animals with hyperchromatic cells and mild dysplasia in four of nine: no tumors were seen. In animals treated with DMBA alone, three of seven (43%) developed epidermoid carcinoma, while six of 11 (55%) of animals treated with DMBA plus 3% hydrogen peroxide and five of five (100%) of animals treated with DMBA plus 30% hydrogen peroxide (P= 0.054) developed carcinoma. Thus, hydrogen peroxide can, by itself, induce pathologic changes frequently associated with preneoplastic lesions; it may also augment carcinogenesis associated with DMBA.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.685

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

hydrogen peroxide has been advocatedfor many years as an oral rinse useful in control of various oral conditions. Several authorities, however, have suggested that this material may be harmful to oral tissues, especially if the tissues have been previously injured. This article presents two case reports demonstrating harmful oral effects from hydrogen peroxide rinses. The findings suggest that oral hygiene techniques emphasizing the use of 3% hydrogen peroxide in periodontal therapy may require reevaluation.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.689

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

serum antibody levels to humancollagen Type I were measured in 97 patients with periodontal disease (Russell Periodontal Index 1.0–7.0) and 57 control subjects (Periodontal Index<1.0) using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which had been standardized with antisera prepared against human collagen Type I in rabbits. Absorption studies were used to confirm the specificity of antibodies to human Type I collagen. Levels of antibody to Type I collagen detected in patients were higher (P<0.001) than in the control subjects.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.693

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

recent studies have raised the possibilitythat natural killer (NK) cell activity may play a role in tissue destruction in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease (CIPD). This study aimed to locate and identify these cells in healthy and diseased gingival tissue. Leu 4, Leu 7, and Leu 11 monoclonal antibodies were used to characterize lesions of CIPD and to identify NK cells. Gingival tissue from three patient groups was examined. Group 1 subjects participated in a 21‐day experimental gingivitis study. Group 2 subjects were children aged less than 8 years who had gingivitis associated with deciduous teeth. Group 3 consisted of patients with CIPD undergoing periodontal surgery. In group 1, NK cells were absent in health (Day 0) and gradually increased in number with increasing inflammation up to Day 21. The number and distribution of NK cells in Group 2 subjects resembled those seen after a 21‐day experimental gingivitis study. In Group 3 subjects, lesions of CIPD which contained>90% Leu 4+ cells („T cell” lesions) contained few Leu 7+ cells and no Leu 11+ cells. The greatest number of NK cells were found in the „B cell” lesions (<60% Leu 4+ cells). The absence of NK cells in gingival health and their presence in diseased gingiva suggests that these cells are involved in the immune response to the accumulation of plaque.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.699

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

patients with localized juvenile periodontitis(LJP) exhibit defective neutrophil functions to a variety of environmental and host stimuli. It is not clear, however, how many of the measurable functions are defective and whether individual patients exhibit single or multiple dysfunctions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate chemotaxis, phagocytosis, specific granule release and Superoxide production in a group of 23 previously unreported LJP patients. Our results indicate that all 23 of these LJP patients exhibited Chemotaxis depression to N‐formyl‐L‐methionyl‐L‐leucyl‐L‐phenylalanine (FMLP) and endotoxin‐activated serum (EAS). Smaller groups from the 23 chemotactically defective LJP group were used to test other functions due to inability to obtain sufficient quantities of blood. Fourteen of 14 LJP patients tested exhibited defective phagocytosis. Ten LJP patients were evaluated for specific granule release, and 14 LJP patients were evaluated for Superoxide production. Both granule release and Superoxide production were found to be normal in chemotactically defective LJP patients. Since both defective and normal responses noted in the same neutrophil populations are mediated by the same receptor, it is hypothesized that the cellular defect lies in a post receptor pathway.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.703

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

advanced destruction of the periodontium, with similarities in alveolar distribution, age range, and diminished host responses of varying severity, may be seen in Down's syndrome and in juvenile periodontitis. This review compares and contrasts periodontal destruction and immunologic mechanisms in the two conditions. Both are characterized by raised serum Immunoglobulins, selective cell‐mediated immunodeficiencies, and defective neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocyte Chemotaxis. There is a possibility of defective monocyte Chemotaxis in both conditions, although this is less clear in juvenile periodontitis. By contrast, antigen‐induced DNA synthesis is enhanced in Down's syndrome, but reduced in juvenile periodontitis.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.709

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1986.57.11.715

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY