摘要:

Astudy of the predominant subgingivalmicroflora was carried out in 24 periodontitis patients, 18 to 60 years of age, in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. Paper point sampling, transport in VMGA III, and conventional microbiological techniques were utilized. Direct microscopic examination revealed that cocci and nonmotile organisms made up 85% of the total organisms and spirochetes as little as 3%. Nonselective culturing showed Gram‐negative organisms to constitute 53% of total isolates.Fusobacterium nucleatumaveraged 15%, black‐pigmented anaerobes 7%, andPeptostreptococcus micros10% of the cultivable microflora. Enteric rods and acinetobacter species were recovered from 16 patients and comprised 23% of the cultivable flora.Enterobacter cloacaeoccurred in 8 patients,Klebsiella oxytocain 3 patients, and 7 other species in 10 patients. Parallel studies have found a significantly lower prevalence of enteric rods in advanced periodontitis patients in the USA. In conclusion, fewer spirochetes and markedly more enteric rods seem to inhabit adult periodontitis lesions in Santo Domingo patients compared to those in USA. High levels of subgingival enteric rods in periodontitis patients in Santo Domingo may have important prophylactic and therapeutic implications.J Periodontol 1991; 62:543–547.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.543

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to evaluatethe microbiologic changes associated with induction of peri‐implantitis in the microswine. A split‐mouth design was utilized. Three implants were placed in the edentulous mandibular bicuspid region of 2 microswine yielding 12 implants for evaluation. The experimental implant abutments were ligated with 4‐0 silk suture material to induce peri‐implantitis for a period of 45 days. The control implant abutments were not ligated. The control implants were scaled and cleaned at each time interval using plastic scalers. The attachment level (AL), probing depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and plaque index (PI) were measured at day 0 (baseline) and days 14 and 45. Microbiologic samples were taken from the “sulcus” with paper points at each interval and were dispersed in prereduced media; plated on selective and nonselective media; and grown under aerobic, anaerobic, and capnophilic atmospheres. A greater AL, increased PD, and higher GI and PI scores were noted among the experimental implants. The controls remained essentially unchanged. Radiographs revealed that experimental implants showed an increased amount of bone loss when compared to control. Bone loss caused the implant threads to be exposed in the experimental implants. Microbiologic studies revealed that there was a shift from Gram‐positive facultative organisms to Gram‐negative obligate anaerobes, including black pigmentedBacteroides, in experimental implants. The microbiota of the control implants remained primarily Gram‐positive facultative organisms. The microswine appears to be a suitable animal model for evaluation of osseointegrated implants. Importantly, under the experimental conditions reported, osseointegrated implants were susceptible to “periodontal” breakdown or peri‐implantitis.J Periodontol 1991; 62:548–553.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.548

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this study was toevaluate the penetration depth of the water coolant for medicament lavage of an ultrasonic device into the periodontal pocket. Patients having teeth previously planned for extraction, and exhibiting probing depths 3 mm or greater were used in this study. A reference notch was placed on the tooth at the level of the gingival margin and the probing attachment level (PAL) was measured from the base of the notch to the base of the pocket. The ultrasonic device, with an EWPP tip and equipped with a reservoir of erythrocin dye colored coolant, was activated and moved in a vertical direction from the gingival margin to the apical extent of the pocket. The tooth was extracted and the penetration depth (PD) of the dye‐colored water spray was measured from the reference notch to the apical limit of the stained subgingival plaque. The tooth was counter stained with methylene blue to determine the coronal extent of the connective tissue attachment. Pearsons' Product Moment Correlation Coefficient for the PAL and PD was calculated. Dye‐stained root surface was observed along the full extent of the probe tip's penetration path. The dispersion of the dye‐colored stain was localized to the area of the ultrasonic probe with very little lateral dispersion. The ultrasonic instrument may be an effective system to mechanically remove plaque and calculus at the same time as delivering a chemotherapeutic agent. The limited dispersion of the liquid dye would indicate that chemical plaque control with this delivery system is dependent upon thorough debridement with the instrument such that all affected surfaces are instrumented.J Periodontol 1991; 62:554–557.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.554

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Microbiological testing is becomingan adjunct to the diagnosis and monitoring of periodontal patients. However, choosing which sites and how many sites among the many available in most patients is difficult. A study of 22 periodontitis patients was undertaken to attempt to provide some guidelines to these issues. All mesiobuccal sites along with sites with 4 mm or greater probing depth were sampled with endodontic points and analyzed by DNA probes forP. gingivalis, P. intermedia, andA. actinomycetemcomitans. The data suggest that sites with the deepest probing depths and sites that bleed on probing were most likely to harbor these pathogenic species. Using these clinical criteria, an approximation of the number of sites required for sampling was suggested.J Periodontol 1991;62:558–561.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.558

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Anumber of mouthwash productscontaining cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) are available. Data for individual products are limited, although overall the antiseptic has been shown to reduce plaque. Results for gingivitis reductions by CPC have been equivocal. This study was an active/placebo parallel group design to evaluate the use of a CPC mouthrinse as an adjunct to oral hygiene when used before toothbrushing. Plaque and gingivitis scores were recorded at baseline and after 6 weeks, following twice daily use of the active or placebo prebrushing rinses. Plaque and gingivitis were significantly reduced at 6 weeks in both groups with no significant treatment differences between the active and placebo formulations. Whether the order of rinsing to toothbrushing influenced these findings cannot be determined. However, the results further question the adjunctive benefits of CPC rinses to gingival health.J Periodontol 1991; 62:562–564.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.562

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Fourteen patients undergoing periodontal treatmentfor moderate to severe adult‐type periodontitis were included in the study. Seven patients (a total of 210 sites) were treated with modified Widman flap surgery while the other 7 patients (the same number of sites) were treated with apically‐positioned flap surgery. The 2 modalities were compared using sounding depth measurements before and immediately after surgery. The mean sounding depth decreased from 4.89 mm to 3.42 mm in the modified Widman flap group, compared to a drop from 4.77 mm to 2.46 mm in the apicallypositioned flap group. Neither of these procedures resulted in the total eradication of all periodontal pockets. The final outcome of modified Widman flap surgery may, at times, result in zero sounding depth (placement of the flap at the crest of the bone); on the other hand, very often the flap was placed far supra‐crestally in an intended apicallypositioned flap procedure. This lack of consistency between intended and actual flap placement would suggest that studies which try to compare different treatment modalities using a flap approach should include sounding depth measurements immediately postsurgery. This is needed to assure that the intended procedure has actually been carried out.J Periodontol 1991;62:565–569.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.565

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In advanced periodontal disease alveolar bone crestalloss is readily apparent on radiographs. However, in incipient disease there is a lack of consensus regarding what constitutes crestal bone loss on a radiograph. To properly assess crestal bone loss radiographically requires an appropriate base of reference indicative of the absence of destructive periodontal disease. In this study the radiographic CEJ‐crest distance as a measure of crest height was determined for sites at which clinical attachment measurements indicate no attachment loss. From these measurements it is concluded that no crestal bone loss is consistent with a range of radiographic CEJ‐crest distance between 0.4 and 1.9 mm (95% confidence limits) as evidenced on bite‐wings.J Periodontol 1991; 62:570–572.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.570

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An unusual case of gingival carcinoma, initially presenting as an endoperiodontic lesion without clinical evidence of malignancy, is presented. It is important to consider carcinoma of the gingiva in cases of an endoperiodontic lesion unresponsive to therapy, and to investigate further when bone resorption occurs around one tooth. Submission of all dental tissue removed during oral surgical procedures for pathologic analysis may be beneficial.J Periodontol 1991; 62:573–575.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.573

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)‐associated gingivitis(HIV‐G) and HIVassociated periodontitis (HIV‐P) are two intraoral lesions manifested by patients with HIV infection. Periodontal indices were measured for 87 subjects in 5 study groups: HIV‐seropositive patients with healthy periodontium (HIV‐H), with HIV‐G, or with HIVP; and non‐HIV‐infected subjects with healthy periodontium (H) or with adult chronic periodontitis (P). The quantitative clinical parameters were compared and statistically significant intergroup differences were noted. The mean scores on PI and PD do not discriminate between HIV‐seropositive and non‐HIV‐infected seronegative cohorts, but a significant difference in the GI between HIV‐H and H was noted. When categories of PD and AL are examined, some differences become apparent. Generally, the PD and AL of HIV‐P are not as great as those of P. PI correlates well with GI (r = 0.86) in P, but does not (r = 0.33) in HIV‐P. In addition, the occurrence of selected putative periodontopathic bacteria (Porpfiyromonas gingivalis, spirochetes, and motile eubacteria) in these lesions was determined by brightfield (after staining), darkfield and immunofluorescent microscopy. No difference in microbiological profile in the bacterial groups monitored was found between P and HIV‐P. Spirochetes were found to be more abundant thanP. gingivalisin the lesions of P and HIV‐P. In marked contrast,P. gingivaliswas found to be in highest numbers in samples from the gingival crevice of H as determined by indirect immunofluorescence.J Periodontol 1991; 62:576–585.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.576

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.586

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY