摘要:

For the purposeof developing controlled delivery devices for periodontal therapy which would release over several days, six fiber types made of tetracycline‐loaded biocompatible polymers were manufactured and tested. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polycaprolactone, polyurethane and cellulose acetate propionate all released their drug load within 1 day. Ethylene vinyl acetate fibers, however, providedin vitrosustained release for periods up to 9 days. A bioassay was designed to measure levels of tetracycline achieved by local delivery which used growth inhibition ofBacillus cereusas a measure of the amount of tetracycline in measured volumes of gingival sulcus fluid on filter paper strips. By this assay, fibers made from 25% loaded ethylene vinyl acetate established initial concentrations of approximately 500 μg/ml. The measurement of tetracycline concentration resulting from the placement of these fibers into deep periodontal pockets as a packing material provided indication that concentrations of>50 μg/ml could be maintained for months by weekly to monthly replacement. These studies indicate that monolithic fibers made of tetracycline‐loaded ethylene vinyl acetate have characteristics which could prove useful as the basis of a tetracycline delivery system for the treatment of periodontal disease.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.575

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several antibiotics were foundto adsorb to saliva‐coated enamel and to inhibitin vitroplaque formation by pure cultures of oral bacteria:Actinomyces viscosus, Actinomyces naeslundiiandStreptococcus mutans.Tetracycline, minocycline and oxytetracycline adsorbed to the greatest degree, showing 100‐fold higher adsorption than spiramycin, the test antibiotic with least adsorption. Inhibition ofin vitroplaque formation was found to require both drug substantivity (capacity for adsorption) and antimicrobial activity. Inhibition of plaque formation in thein vitroassay employed correlated well with clinical efficacy.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.580

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Conflicting resultshave been reported regarding the effect of periodontal trauma upon progression of periodontitis. In these studies, different initial pocket morphologies were present. This study investigated the effect of trauma superimposed upon existing intrabony pockets. Localized intrabony pockets were produced adjacent to the mesial and distal surfaces of the mandibular third bicuspids in 10 squirrel monkeys. Two animals were killed after 10 weeks of periodontitis. In four (experimental) of the remaining eight animals, mesio‐distal jiggling of the third bicuspid was begun 10 weeks after induction of periodontitis, and continued for another 10 weeks. The other four animals (control) were killed 20 weeks after initiation of periodontitis. Step‐serial histologic sections were selected from experimental and control specimens and analyzed for loss of connective tissue attachment, loss of crestal alveolar bone and percentage of bone in the coronal interproximal periodontium. When corresponding dimensions from experimental and control surfaces were compared statistically, there were no differences in loss of connective tissue attachment but a greater loss of bone had occurred in specimens with the combination of periodontitis and trauma. In addition, there was a marked difference in osseous morphology between the experimental and control specimens. It was concluded that trauma superimposed upon existing intrabony pockets increased loss of alveolar bone and altered osseous morphology, but did not affect the loss of connective tissue attachment.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.586

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Apatienthad the benign form of Albers‐Schönberg disease complicated by periodontitis. Review of the patient's 36‐year history revealed that the long‐term prognosis can be good. Determining factors in the prognosis are the severity of bony involvement and proper periodontal and dental maintenance.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.592

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This transmissionand scanning electron microscope study documents the invasion of microorganisms into the gingiva and along resorbing alveolar bone surfaces in a 15‐year‐old patient with localized juvenile periodontitis. The invading bacteria were mainly Gram‐negative fusiform, coccobacilli and spirochetes. Microorganisms identified asMycoplasmawere also found to invade in some areas. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) were seen in association with the bacteria. The majority of bacteria were covered by PMNs and enclosed by the phagocyte but did not appear to lie within phagosomes. High numbers of PMNs were found in the gingival connective tissue inflammatory infiltrate and in the pocket epithelium. Invasion into the gingiva and alveolar bone by bacteria andMycoplasmain localized juvenile periodontitis may be of importance in the therapy of this infection.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.598

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The scanning electron microscope(sem) was used to evaluate the cutting edges of curettes as they came from the manufacturer, after they had been made dull and after they were resharpened by several standard resharpening techniques and one experimental technique. Micrographs were taken of the cutting edges with the SEM at a standard magnification. The quality of the cutting edges was blindly evaluated by five independent examiners who unanimously agreed that the experimental resharpening technique produced the highest quality edge. The experimental resharpening technique used a Whittler Instrument Sharpener on the face of the blade followed by a rotating, abrasive impregnated, felt wheel on the lateral surface of the blade.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.618

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purposeof this investigation was to study the pattern and constancy of temperatures recorded in the gingival crevices and some factors affecting them. The temperatures of the interproximal crevices in the maxillary and mandibular arch of 16 female dental hygiene students were evaluated at the time of examination, immediately afterwards and following a 14‐day interval. The temperature difference between each site and the subject's sublingual temperature were calculated. In the analysis, a comparison of sites with a confirmed status of bleeding tendency and pocket depth was carried out. The results show temperature differences between arches (mandible vs maxilla) and regions (posterior vs anterior). The differences are independent of the health status. Inflamed gingiva generally has a higher temperature than clinically healthy gingiva. There is an indication that healthy tissue, more than inflamed tissue, reacts to an outside stimulus with an increase in temperature. It is necessary that environmental and stimulative factors are strictly controlled if temperature gradients are to be applied for diagnostic purposes in periodontics.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.624

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The diagnosticianmay expect an error associated with the measurements of clinical parameters. It is important to know how precise these measurements are. The purpose of this study was to make an estimation of the measurement error by comparing repeated measures of the same site. Six dental hygiene students were examined for gingival and sublingual temperatures as well as pocket depths and sulcular bleeding. All measurements were recorded twice. The maximum error associated with 95% of the temperature data and the average error were calculated as 1.3°C and 0.65°C, respectively. The probabilities of making a correct assessment of pocket depth and of sulcular bleeding were computed to be 0.864 and 0.840, respectively. The need for repeated measures was statistically analyzed. It can be concluded from our data that the thermocouple thermometer used in this study is a suitable instrument for measuring the gingival temperature. However, it is necessary to acquire a higher level of precision for the assessment of pocket depth and sulcular bleeding. This can be accomplished by increasing the number of clinical measures on each point.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.629

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.10.633

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY