摘要:

the purposes of this 2‐year longitudinalstudy were to: 1) compare the clinical effectiveness of patient applied sodium bicarbonate, hydrogen peroxide, and sodium chloride (S/P) to the use of conventional oral hygiene methods and 2) to investigate the motivational effect of using phase‐contrast microscopy in teaching effective oral hygiene. Initially, 972 subjects were screened for signs of periodontitis. From these, 347 with early to moderate periodontitis were selected and each was randomly assigned to one of four home treatment regimens after scaling and root planing. The four treatment regimens included: 1) conventional oral hygiene procedures, 2) conventional oral hygiene procedures plus phase‐contrast demonstration of subgingival microbial forms for oral hygiene motivation, 3) S/P oral hygiene, and 4) S/P oral hygiene plus phase‐contrast demonstration of subgingival microbial forms for oral hygiene motivation. Plaque, bleeding, gingival inflammation, probing depth, and clinical attachment level were recorded at baseline, 8, 16, and 24 months. Subjects were recalled for reinforcement of oral hygiene and periodontal prophylaxis at various intervals. Data were analyzed based on disease severity, location of index sites and compliance. The results indicated that both conventional oral hygiene procedures and the S/P regimen were effective in reducing clinical signs of disease when combined with professional care. There were no differences between the two regimens in clinical effectiveness and trends favoring microscopic viewing of subgingival plaque for motivational purposes were not statistically significant.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.291

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

this study was designed to investigatethe effect of conventional oral hygiene (n= 116 subjects) versus a salt and peroxide oral hygiene regimen (n= 115 subjects) on subgingival microorganisms. Subgingival plaque for microscopic evaluation was obtained from eight index tooth sites in each of 231 adult subjects. Microbial forms were microscopically identified at baseline, 8, 16, and 24 months.For both oral hygiene groups, cocci were increased (P<0.05) and motile rods were decreased (P<0.05) at 8 months and returned to baseline by 16 months. Spirochetes were decreased (P20% spirochetes + motile rods) criteria for instrumentation was 59.8%. It was also found that fewer total instrumentations for test subjects were observed when microbiological criteria were used as compared with clinical criteria. The greater number of instrumentations based on clinical criteria was highly significant (P<0.001). A significant change in microbial signs associated with periodontal disease may be obtained with either a conventional oral hygiene or a salt and peroxide oral hygiene home care regimen.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.301

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

this study was undertaken to evaluatepatient compliance with, and acceptance of, a salt and peroxide oral hygiene regimen compared with conventional oral hygiene regimens without or with the use of phase‐contrast microscope viewing of subgingival plaque over a period of 2 years. A total of 231 subjects with early to moderate periodontitis were randomly divided into four groups. All groups were repeatedly instructed and motivated in their respective regimens. Subjects also received scaling and root planing using clinical and microbial criteria. Compliance with, and acceptance of, the two oral hygiene regimens were determined at the end of the study using a structured self‐administered questionnaire. Results indicated that 74% and 58% (P≤ 0.01) of subjects in the conventional and salt/peroxide groups, respectively, used their assigned regimen 4 to 7 days a week during the entire study. More than half of the subjects (54%) using each of the oral hygiene regimens indicated that they flossed once daily. Inconvenience was cited by 23% of the conventional and 43% of the salt/peroxide groups (P≤ 0.01) as the main reason for not using their regimens. Twentythree per cent of conventional group and 14% of salt/peroxide group indicated that they shared their oral hygiene supplies with others. Eighty per cent and 57% (P≤ 0.01) of the conventional and salt/peroxide groups, respectively, stated that they liked their regimens. Ninety‐six per cent of all subjects felt that their regimen helped their periodontal status. Most subjects that microscopically viewed their subgingival plaque had a strong perception that such viewing significantly contributed to their understanding of their own periodontal conditions and motivated them to practice better oral hygiene. There is no evidence in terms of self‐reported behavior, however, to support their perceptions.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.308

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.313

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the goal of this study was to relateattachment loss patterns in early onset periodontitis subjects (juvenile periodontitisn= 47 and severe (generalized) periodontitisn= 52) with antibody reactivities to 25 bacterial strains which were suspected periodontal pathogens. The 25 antibody reactivities were screened by correlation analysis. Eleven strains were found to be significantly related to attachment loss. Using these 11 reactivities, stepwise multiple linear regression with plaque and age as covariates was used to further relate the reactivities within each subject group. Plaque was significantly related to the number of teeth with slight, moderate, or severe attachment loss. A significant inverse relationship was found between antibody reactivity withHaemophilus actinomycetemcomitansY4 and the number of teeth having slight or moderate attachment loss. Similarly a significant inverse relationship between antibody reactivity withBacteroides gingivalisand the number of teeth having moderate or severe attachment loss was found. The inverse relationship between the two antibody reactivities and attachment loss patterns were independent of the positive relationship of plaque. These relationships suggest that the failure to mount a substantial antibody response to these organisms leads to greater and more widespread periodontal disease in early onset periodontitis subjects.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.314

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

of 49,380 male naval recruits whowere screened for juvenile periodontitis (JP), 270 were clinically diagnosed as having the disease. Full‐mouth radiographs identified 182 of these 270 patients as having JP with extensive bone loss on permanent first molars and/or incisors. These 182 patients, 137 (75.3%) of whom were black, were further classified into Type I: bone loss involving first molars and/or incisors and up to two additional teeth; Type II: involvement of first molars/incisors and several additional teeth; and Type III: generalized involvement (more than 14 teeth) but with bone loss notably more extensive on the first molars and/or incisors. Of the 182 patients, 129 (70.9%) were Type I; 43 (23.6%) were Type II, and 10 (5.5%) were Type III. The molars were involved more frequently than the incisors; more than one molar was always involved, with or without incisor involvement. Most cases had minimal or no radiographic caries, and 46% had demonstrable calculus. Of the remaining 88 cases from the 270 with the initial diagnosis of JP, 63 demonstrated severe bone loss on more than 14 teeth, with many of the teeth being involved to the same degree. These cases were termed rapidly progressive periodontitis. Six of the 88 cases had bone loss on only one tooth surface of the dentition. These cases were termed acute localized destruction of alveolar bone. The status of the other 19 cases could not be determined.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.321

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

the purpose of this study was todetermine the amount of root surface removalin vitrousing an air‐powder abrasive system or sharp curet on root surfaces simulating the cumulative effects of an every 3‐month periodontal maintenance regimen over a 3‐year period and to compare the amount of time spent in the utilization of each instrument. Fifty extracted teeth with fully formed roots were cleaned and mounted in one of 10 different artificial alveolar arches. Each arch contained one central incisor, one lateral incisor, one canine, one first and one second premolar. The buccal and mesial tooth root diameters were measured initially and after each treatment with a digital point micrometer. All teeth were stained with coffee and repositioned in their artificial alveolae and treated by the air‐powder abrasive system or curet until all visible stain was removed. Time required for removal of stain in both treatment groups was recorded. Both groups were restained, retreated, and retimed 12 times to reproduce a 3‐month maintenance interval for 3 years. The average root structure removed by the air‐powder abrasive system following each treatment was 10.68μm while the curet removed an average of 27.09μm. Stain was removed 3.15 times faster by the airpowder abrasive system than with a curet.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.327

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A workshop sponsored by the U.S. Spain Joint Committee for Scientific and Technologic Cooperation was held from May 16 to 18, 1986 in Niagara Falls, New York, to consider bacterial invasion in periodontal disease. Participants included representatives from the State University of New York at Buffalo, University of California at Los Angeles, University of Madrid, and the National Institute of Dental Research. This limited workshop provided an opportunity for those active in this area of research to exchange current research data, pool their expertise, and plan collaborative efforts to elucidate the role of bacterial penetration in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Included below are abstracts of the presentations by the U.S. and Spanish scientists.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.331

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

effects of h2o2on bone wereevaluated in an organ culture system. Tibiae from chick embryos were incubated for up to 3 days in culture medium containing 0.07 to 20 mM H2O2. Glucose metabolism was monitored by measuring lactate production and oxygen consumption, and collagen synthesis was determined by hydroxylation of proline. In addition to markedly inhibiting these parameters, H2O2also decreased bone weight and alkaline Phosphatase activity. Multiple exposures to H2O2were somewhat more effective than a single exposure. Since H2O2 inhibits bone at low concentrationsin vitro, the results suggest that the potential for harmful effects of H2O2in the oral cavity should be investigated.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.340

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

five‐week‐oldBrookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Swiss‐albino male mice were maintained on a 12‐hour light/dark cycle and were subcutaneously injected with3Hthymidine (1μCi/gm body weight) one hour prior to sacrifice. Twenty‐four mice (three at each time‐period) were killed at 3 hour intervals for 24 hours. Autoradiographs were prepared from 5‐μm thick paraffin embedded decalcified sections of maxillary first molars and surrounding tissues. Labeling index was determined over the cells of the basal layer of the gingival epithelium. Crevicular and crestal gingival epithelium revealed a circadian rhythmic pattern in DNA synthesis in which two peaks were evident. Peak labeling of 5‐week‐old mouse gingiva exhibited a higher value than previously reported for nontraumatized gingiva. Rodents are nocturnal, as was peak activity, but a second peak is also evident in the light period. Consequently, not all peaks are synonymous with the period of animal activity and feeding. The observed continuous high labeling indices represent a significant potential of gingival epithelium to replenish its cells in response to physiological wear and tear.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1987.58.5.345

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY