摘要:

This investigation used autogenoussubmucosal implants of root sections to study the connective tissue healing to periodontally diseased roots which had previously been planed and demineralized with citric acid.Eighteen implants were performed, with each being removed 2 to 24 weeks after implantation. The results showed new connective tissue attachment to the old cementum and to the dentin. After 18 weeks, in all specimens new cementum had formed on the dentin, with collagen fibers attached to it. No deposition of new cementum on the old cementum was noted. The formation of new cementum on roots placed in an environment without periodontal ligament cells might be ascribed to the inductive principle of demineralized dentin. The results suggest that a diseased root which has been planed and conditioned with citric acid is likely to form a new connective tissue attachment, even if it is placed in an environment without periodontal ligament cells. They also suggest that the factor inhibiting potential new connective tissue attachment is the condition of the root surface, rather than the lack of an adjacent progenitor cell population.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.381

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This investigation studiedthe changes in probing depths and subgingival microbial flora of clinically healthy and diseased sites before and after scaling and root planing.Thirty‐six sites in 18 individuals were studied in two groups of patients, Group I (9 patients) had received no periodontal surgery, while group II had received surgery within the previous 4 years. Neither group had had professional prophylaxis or scaling and root planing within the previous 6 months. Group I had an average probing depth of ≥5 mm and group II had an average of ≤4 mm. Scaling and root planing was performed on both groups at the beginning of the experiment and all patients were instructed in oral hygiene. Plaque and gingival indices, gingival fluid measurements, probing depths and dark field microscopic examination of subgingival plaque were evaluated immediately before scaling and root planing (baseline) and then once every 2 weeks for 2 months.For descriptive analysis of the data, all sites in both groups were classified according to probing depth or bacteriologic criteria. Sites with either ≥85% nonmotile bacteria or ≤4 mm probing depth were presumed “healthy” and others were considered “diseased.”Results following scaling and root planing showed that: (1) microflora from diseased sites tended to return to baseline after 4 to 8 weeks, (2) sites that were presumed healthy according to bacteriologic criteria exhibited no change in the flora and (3) there was an increase in the proportion of nonmotile bacteria in sites with probing depths of ≤4 mm.These data support the concept of site‐specific variation in the subgingival microflora of patients susceptible to periodontitis.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.391

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Ninety‐two subjects with a historyof treatment for chronic periodontitis were monitored on a regular basis for an average period of 10.7 months. During this monitoring period, in spite of their participation in a preventive maintenance program, 19 subjects out of 92 showed evidence of significantly increased probing depth (≥ 3 mm from base line measurements) on at least one tooth surface, or approximately 1% of the dental units at risk in this population. A comparison of differential microscopic counts of subgingival bacteria from the affected tooth surfaces with a pooled sample of 6 other surfaces with the greatest probing depth, in the same mouth, taken at the same appointment, revealed no significant differences between proportions of coccoid cells, spirochetes, motile rods or other cell types.These findings suggest that disease recurrence, as measured by a comparatively rapid increase in probing depth, might be accounted for on the basis of the following hypotheses: (1) an alteration in the host response without a detectable change in the composition of the subgingival microbiota, (2) a qualitative change in the microbial flora not detectable by a microscopic assay, (3) relatively brief episodes of disease activity which may be accompanied by brief, transient, qualitative changes in the local microbiota that cannot be readily detected by biannual examinations.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.398

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The prevalence of periodontitiswas studied in a population of insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, aged 10–18, with a variety of disease durations and levels of control. The sample included a number of patients with poorly controlled IDDM of long duration. None of the patients had radiographic signs of periodontitis. When considered in conjunction with previously reported studies, the findings suggest that populations of IDDM patients may differ in susceptibility to the periodontal diseases; thus, generalizations concerning prevalence based on only a few studies may be inappropriate.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.402

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Samples of autogenous boneobtained by high speed burs, low speed burs, hand chisels and bone blending; freeze‐dried bone purchased from a tissue bank and alloplastic materials, such as Calcitite®, Durapatite, Periograf® and Synthograft® used as donor material for periodontal bone grafting procedures, were evaluated histometrically. Particle sizes ranged from a mean of 210 × 105μfor bone blend to 1559 × 783μfor hand‐chisel samples. Except for those two materials, all of the others were in the 300 to 500 micron (0.3–0.5 mm) range that seems to be preferred for use in periodontal defects.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.406

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Several different techniquesexist for sharpening periodontal sealers each of which will yield a relatively sharp instrument; however, some techniques may decrease the strength of the instrument more rapidly than others. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of two different sharpening techniques on the strength of a periodontal sealer. Sixty McCall No. 13‐14 sealers (SCI‐DENT) were divided into groups of ten. Each group was reduced in size from 0 to 50% of a standard original size in increments of 10% by reducing the face of the instrument using an RX Honing Machine. A second set of 60 sealers was treated in a similar fashion by reducing the lateral surfaces of the instrument. Original angles and blade clearances were maintained on all instruments. Strength was measured by applying a force at a positive rake angle of 15° in an Instron Testing Machine with a head speed of 50 cm/min. There were no significant differences in strength from grinding on the face vs. the lateral surfaces of the sealer in contrast to the observations of other investigators. Moreover, a 10 to 20% reduction can be accomplished before a significant drop in strength is observed by sharpening either the side or face of the instrument.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.410

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Digitalis has a clinically usefultherapeutic ratio (LD50/ED50), but doses must be carefully adjusted for each patient to avoid manifestations of toxicity. This paper reviews the pharmacology and toxicology of digitalis and reports an occurrence in which lifethreatening cardiac dysrhythmias occurred as a result of digitalis toxicity in a patient undergoing full mouth gingival curettage. In addition, some recommendations for prevention and management of this problem are discussed.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.414

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Few studies have investigateddirectly the possible role of dietary sugar in the etiology of periodontal disease, although an association between the amount of plaque formed and the frequency of sugar intake has been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of frequent sugar intakes on experimental gingivitis in young adults. Twenty male dental students took part in a single blind crossover study which involved two 3‐week experimental periods with random allocation to high or low sugar diets.The experimental site was the lower anterior area. The labial aspects of the lower anterior teeth were examined at baseline and Weeks 1, 2 and 3. Inflammation was assessed by recording bleeding on probing at 12 sites at 2 levels of severity—“pin prick” and “excess.” In addition gingival crevicular fluid flow was recorded and plaque amount was assessed.At 3 weeks significantly higher bleeding scores at the two designated levels were found with the high sugar diet but no significant differences were observed with crevicular fluid flow and plaque amount. It was concluded that frequent sugar intakes result in increased gingival inflammation in experimental gingivitis, as measured by gingival bleeding on probing.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.419

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose of this studywas to determine if polysaccharide dextrans would pass through intact‐nonkeratinized and induced‐keratinized sulcular epithelia in monkeys. Dextran penetration through normally keratinized oral gingival epithelium also was evaluated in the same gingival specimens. Each of three Rhesus monkeys received a thorough prophylaxis 1 week prior to the experiment. During this week, the monkeys also received daily IV injections of Achromycin. After the antibiotic treatment, the teeth were polished and cleaned with a rubber cup using prophylactic paste for 2 consecutive months, as follows: (1) the right maxillary and mandibular teeth received daily prophylaxes on weekdays and (2) the left maxillary and mandibular teeth received one prophylaxis weekly. These frequencies of plaque removal on one‐half of the mouth maintained clinically healthy gingiva and produced keratinization of the sulcular epithelium. At the end of the 2‐month prophylaxes, a 5% solution of dextrans derived fromLeuconostoc mesenteroideswas applied topically to the gingiva once daily for 3 consecutive weeks. During this time, the monkeys continued having dental prophylaxes following the previous time schedule. The study showed that inducedkeratinized sulcular epithelium as well as normally keratinized oral gingival epithelium resisted penetration of dextrans, whereas intact‐nonkeratinized sulcular epithelium apparently lacked a surface layer resistant to penetration.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1984.55.7.424

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY