摘要:

Since bacterialinvasion of host tissue has not been shown to occur in the course of periodontitis, many investigators believe that products released from dental plaque microorganisms enter the tissue and elicit a series of host responses leading to the pathological condition. This study, therefore, was designed to explore the possibility that cell‐free products isolated fromActinomyces viscosuscultures are able to induce cell‐mediated immunological responses in experimental animals. Hartley strain guinea pigs were sensitized with concentrated cell‐free products ofA. viscosusculture supernatant fluids mixed with Freund complete adjuvant. After 10 to 17 days the animals responded to challenge with this material with skin reactions indicative of delayed‐type hypersensitivity. Furthermore, cells isolated from sensitized animals produced mitogenic factor and macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) when cultured with the material. The cell‐free culture products were fractionated by column chromatography and electrophoresis. Several partially purified components were shown to induce cell‐mediated responses in guinea pigs as determined by skin tests and by mitogenic factor and MIF assays. It is apparent that this single microorganism associated with dental plaque is capable of producing several substances which can induce a cell‐mediated immune response and subsequent tissue inflammation in laboratory animals.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.493

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is postulatedthat an initial step in dental plaque formation is the adherence of oral bacteria to the salivary pellicle. Recently, we have found that a proline‐rich and basic glycoprotein (MGP) from human parotid saliva, which is successfully purified by Concanavalin A‐Sepharose affinity chromatography, binds to some oral streptococci such asS. mitisandS. sanguis. This paper deals with some inhibitors which affect the binding of the MGP toS. sanguis ATCC 10557. The assay for the binding ability of the radioactive MGP to the bacterial cells was performed by incubation of the reaction mixture containing 10μg of [3H]MGP (6000 dpm) and about 4.5 mg of bacterial cells (dry weight) in 0.5 ml of 0.05 M Tris‐HCl buffer containing 0.05 M NaCl, pH 8.0, with a final volume of 0.51 ml. After 1 hour standing at 4°C, the cells were washed five times with the same buffer. The resulting sediment was solubilized in 0.5 ml of NCS tissue solubilizer and the radioactivity was measured. The binding of the radioactive MGP to bacterial cells was specifically inhibited by galactose, lactose and N‐acetyllactosamine. Applications of heat and trypsin on the cell surface, strikingly reduced the binding ability. These findings strongly suggested that a lectin‐like substance may be present on the bacterial cell surface.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.499

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Atotal of9teethwere treated with a free gingival graft followed by a coronally positioned flap in conjunction with conditioning of the root surface with citric acid. The grafting procedure was done 2 weeks after the subjects could perform adequate plaque control. Thirty days after grafting, a mucoperiosteal flap was raised. The root surface was thoroughly planed and conditioned with citric acid at pH 1.0, and the flap was then positioned coronally. Clinical measurements of the amount of recession, sulcus depth, and keratinized gingiva were taken preoperatively, and at 30 and 60 days after surgery. Recession was reduced by a mean of 3.24 ± 2.08 mm. Width of keratinized gingiva was increased to a mean of 4.99 ± 1.23 mm. Both of these findings were highly significant. Sulcus depth was not significantly changed.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.505

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The ultrasonicsealer is currently used to plane the roots in periodontal surgery. The purpose of this study was to provide experimental evidence in support of, or against, the use of the ultrasonic sealer for root planing in periodontal surgical procedures. A notch was made through the enamel of each canine of nine adult cats. Full thickness mucoperiosteal flaps were elevated on each canine. Using hand curettes, soft tissue tags were removed from each tooth. At the maxillary right canines and mandibular left canines the roots were planed using the ultrasonic sealer, while at the maxillary left canines and mandibular right canines the roots were planed using hand curettes. A caliper was used to measure the distance from the notch to the crest of the alveolar process at each tooth. The mucoperiosteal flaps were repositioned and secured with cyanoacrylate cement. Three months postoperatively all 36 sites were reoperated and the distance from the notch of each canine to the crest of its alveolar process was measured using the caliper. The same caliper was used for all sites and the same investigator made all the measurements. Analysis of the results showed that all canines lost alveolar bone as a result of the surgical procedure, however, there was no statistical significance between the amount of bone lost on the canines where root planing was carried out by the ultrasonic sealer and the canines where the roots were planed with hand curettes. These findings support the use of the ultrasonic sealer for the planing of roots following elevation of mucoperiosteal flaps and confirm its value in the practice of periodontal surgical procedures.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.510

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Amodified distalwedge procedure has been developed for use adjacent to edentulous areas. The purpose of this procedure is to eliminate pockets, yet retain keratinized tissue. Ease of flap design, the creation of access to the underlying osseous structures, and ease of closure are demonstrated by illustrations and Kodachromes.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.513

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The problem ofphenytoin‐induced gingival hyperplasia is discussed within the context of consultative planning between oral care practitioners and the physician managing the epilepsy. The reluctance of the neurologist or of the patient to change an ongoing anti‐convulsant program is often a response to a long history of tedious steps in medication adjustments to establish a level of seizure control without sacrificing alertness and mood control. Realistic indicators for discontinuing phenytoin are enumerated and therapeutic alternatives in treating phenytoin hyperplasia are discussed. A complicated case of seizure control is offered as an example of requirements in the medical control of epilepsy and the context in which periodontal therapy can be planned in conjunction with these medication adjustments. The mechanism of phenytoin induction of gingival hyperplasia is briefly discussed. Phenytoin (Dilantin®) and a newer agent, valproic acid (Depakene®), are compared as alternatives in seizure control.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.516

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effects ofthree periodontal dressings (Coe‐Pak, PPC, Perio Putty) upon subcutaneous tissues in 26 Sprague‐Dawley rats were investigated. The three dressings, and a control (Teflon), were placed into polyethylene tubes. Two tubes per animal were implanted on either side of the dorsal midline area. After 14 days the specimens were retrieved and prepared for histological examination. Three methods of scoring were utilized for evaluation. First, a system evaluating the overall number of inflammatory cells, connective tissue capsule thickness, and the vascular changes produced; second, an inflammatory cell count, the Inflammatory Index (I.I.), computing the inflammatory cells in a particular field of view for each material; and third, a Reaction Spread Index (R.S.I.) comparing the distance of the spread of the inflammatory reaction into the connective tissues. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out utilizing the Chi‐square test and analysis of variance. While the three scoring systems utilized did result in some comparative variation in reactions, the overall order of decreasing severity was always PPC, Coe‐Pak, Perio Putty, and Teflon.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.521

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The purpose ofthis study was to determine the passage into and concentration of Minocycline HCl (Minocin) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and the relationship between its concentration in saliva, GCF, serum and changes in periodontal health. Over an 8 day period, 10 adults with periodontal disease received orally 200 mg/day of Minocin and 10 others received 150 mg/day. The parameters evaluated included the DMF, gingival index, plaque index, crevice depth, oral soft tissue evaluation, SMA‐12, CBC, prothrombin time, and concentrations of Minocin in serum, saliva and GCF. The DMF score, crevice depth, SMA‐12, CBC and prothrombin time were determined on days 1 and 8. All other parameters were evaluated on days 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8. The results of this study showed that Minocin administration resulted in no significant changes in blood chemistry, blood counts and prothrombin time, was effective against oral microorganisms as shown by reductions in plaque scores, produces an improvement in gingival health, is present in serum at therapeutically effective levels when given in doses of either 200 mg or 150 mg per day and is concentrated in gingival crevicular fluid at levels 5 times as high as serum.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.530

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The effectivenessof potassium nitrate (5%, delivered in a low abrasive toothpaste vehicle) as a daily home treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity was evaluated in a 4‐week, doubleblind, parallel, comparative study of 27 subjects with the condition. Hypersensitivity levels in affected teeth were assessed by two quantifying methods—electrical stimulus and cold air stimulus—and by a subjective recall procedure. The results from these three methods of assessment indicate that potassium nitrate desensitizes hypersensitive teeth to a significant degree. The therapeutic response (decline in dentinal hypersensitivity) to potassium nitrate was evident within 1 week and increased continuously for the length of the study period. Sensitivity thresholds of teeth adjudged to be normally sensitive were not altered by treatment with potassium nitrate, nor did the agent exert any discernable effects on oral tissues.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.9.535

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY