摘要:

The present study used a novel approachto assess the relationship between untreated caries lesions and defective and non‐defective dental restorations and the incidence of gingival inflammation and the progression of chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases at the approximal surfaces of posterior teeth and at the adjacent surface of the neighboring tooth in adolescents over a period of 3 years. Two hundred‐twenty‐seven (227) 13‐yearold schoolchildren were examined clinically and radiographically at baseline and annually at three subsequent occasions. At each site the alveolar bone height and presence of gingival bleeding were assessed. Incipient caries lesions, manifest caries, and defective and nondefective restorations were identified at the same site and also at the adjacent approximal tooth surface at all examinations, both clinically and radiographically. The data were analyzed by the multi‐level logistic regression and variance components analyses. On average, 32, 8.5, 7, and 10% of the sites, respectively, were diagnosed as having incipient caries, manifest caries, and defective and non‐defective restorations. There was a significant association between the presence of untreated manifest caries lesions, non‐defective and defective dental restorations, and the progression of periodontal support loss. Also there was an association between presence of defective restorations and manifest caries and the incidence of gingival inflammation. Consistently, factors detected at the involved site and at the adjacent site had significant effects. The present study indicates that untreated cavities and dental restorations are predisposing factors with a significant negative effect on periodontal health in adolescents. Young individuals having multiple sites with such local factors are to be considered at risk of developing destructive periodontal lesions and should be treated accordingly.J Periodontol 1995; 66:249–254.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.249

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Acomprehensive new oral hygienetraining program has lately been described and found effective in controlling dental plaque formation and in significantly reducing the incidence of approximal dental caries and gingivitis in adolescents. This study investigated the long‐term effect of plaque control on the progression of periodontal diseases in adolescents. A group of 227 Brazilian schoolchildren were followed up over a period of 3 years. The children were divided randomly into 3 groups. The first group was given a needs‐related intensive program which combined detailed information to parents and children pertaining to the etiology and prevention of dental diseases, instructions in self‐diagnosis of plaque and gingivitis, and a detailed oral hygiene training based on individual needs, together with continued feedback and motivation during the entire 3 years. The second group was given a similar program, but through shorter sessions and with no motivation and feedback and no training in self‐diagnosis. A control group received no motivation sessions or oral hygiene training. The 3 groups were examined radiographically at baseline and annually at 3 subsequent occasions. The data were analyzed with a multi‐level variance analysis. The frequency of subjects showing sites with alveolar bone loss increased steadily during the entire period in all groups. Neither of the training programs had a significant effect on the alveolar bone level during 3 years compared to the control group. Generally, girls demonstrated higher proportions of approximal tooth surfaces showing radiographic bone loss, though not statistically significant. In this population the supragingival plaque control lacked any significant effect on periodontal disease progression. This may indicate that secondary prevention of early periodontitis in adolescents is more appropriate than primary prevention, and stresses the importance of early identification of periodontitis‐risk subjects. The findings may also imply that the constituents of the subgingival microflora and/or deficiencies in the host immune system are significant determinants of early onset periodontitis.J Periodontol 1995; 66:255–260.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.255

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Amodification of the papilla preservationtechnique has been applied to achieve primary closure of the interproximal tissue over barrier membranes placed coronal to the alveolar crest. Fifteen patients with deep intrabony interproximal defects were treated. Defects had a probing attachment level loss of 9.9 ± 3.2 mm and a recession of the gingival margin of 1.7 ± 1.6 mm. The depth of the intrabony component was 5.5 ± 2.9 mm; while the suprabony component was 5.9 ± 2.0 mm. Titanium‐reinforced teflon membranes were placed 1.3 ± 0.7 mm from the cemento‐enamel junction, 4.5 ± 1.6 mm coronal to the interproximal alveolar bone crest. Primary closure over the interproximal portion of the membrane was obtained in 93% of cases. In 73% of the cases complete coverage of the membrane was maintained until its removal at 6 weeks. These data indicate that the modified papilla preservation technique can be successfully applied to obtain primary closure of the interdental space in regenerative procedures with barrier membranes.J Periodontol 1995; 66:261–266

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.261

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order to compare the effectof partial demineralization with root planing and partial demineralization of cementum with that of dentin on healing, the ultrastructural morphology of the interface between the layer of human periodontal ligament‐derived, fibroblast‐like cells (HPF) and the treated root surface was studied in an in vitro culture system. Sixty (60) pairs made from transversally‐cut root slices, 500 μm thick, were obtained from extracted human periodontally diseased teeth. Thirty (30) pairs of the root slices were preliminarily root planed (RP). The remaining half were root planed and then partially demineralized in a solution of citric acid (RP+CA). The opposite surface of paired slices was made uniform by using either cementum or dentin. Consequently, all root slices were classified into four experimental groups: RP‐cementum and RP‐cementum pairs (group 1), RP‐dentin and RP‐dentin pairs (group 2), RP+CA‐cementum and RP+CA‐cementum pairs (group 3), and RP+CA‐dentin and RP+CA‐dentin pairs (group 4). Each pair of root slices was placed on the floor of a 35‐mm culture dish. HPF were seeded at a concentration of 4×105cells/dish. Co‐cultures of HPF and the root slices were examined using phase contrast and electron microscope after 4, 6, and 10 weeks. Electron‐dense material covered non‐demineralized root surfaces and the lining cells in accumulating cell layers were oriented parallel to the root surface and attached to the material in groups 1 and 2. In groups 3 and 4, the underlying cells in several accumulating cell layers were oriented approximately perpendicular to the lower aspect of the vertical surface of the root slice. The underlying continuous cells were separated from the demineralized root surface by newly synthesized collagen fibrils after 6 to 10 weeks. The features of cell attachment and formation of collagen fibrils on the surface of cementum did not differ from those on the dentinal surface in both RP and RP+CA groups.J Periodontol 1995; 66:267–273.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.267

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Putrescine and spermidine occur at concentrationsapproaching 1 mM in gingival fluid at diseased periodontal sites. Previous work demonstrates that these polyamines potentiate Ca2+signaling in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), resulting in enhanced degranulation and Superoxide generation. The present study extends this work by characterizing the effects of polyamines on PMN Chemotaxis and phagocytosis, in which Ca2+signaling plays a less denned regulatory role. Putrescine (1 mM) and spermidine (0.1 to 0.5 mM) significantly inhibited Chemotaxis to fMet‐Leu‐Phe and C5a (P<0.05). This inhibition was not strongly related to any effect polyamines have on PMN adhesion, actin polymerization, or formyl peptide receptor expression. Neither putrescine nor spermidine had a significant impact on phagocytosis of opsonized bacteria by PMNs. Thus, at concentrations similar to those found in gingival fluid, polyamines could potentially inhibit recruitment of PMNs to diseased pockets without impairing their ability to engulf invading bacteria.J Periodontol 1995; 66:274–278.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.274

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The gingivitis associated with pregnancyhas been attributed to increased concentrations of circulating estrogen and/or progesterone. However, the mechanism by which these steroids increase gingival inflammation is not known. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), a pleiotropic cytokine produced by many cell types including human gingival fibroblasts (hGF), is secreted in response to inflammatory challenges such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide and interleukin‐1 (IL‐1). This study tested the hypothesis that progesterone could modulate the local production of IL‐6 by hGF. The effects of progesterone on IL‐6 production were measured in vitro in serum‐free, phenol red‐free medium to eliminate possible effects of such medium additives. The concentration of IL‐6 secreted into supernatant medium after a 24 hour challenge with IL‐1β was estimated by radioimmunoassay. Total RNA from steroid‐treated hGF was probed for IL‐6 mRNA. In serum‐free medium, progesterone dose‐dependently and significantly (P<0.05) inhibited IL‐6 production by hGF, as did the glucocorticoids hydrocortisone (HC) and dexamethasone. At progesterone concentrations common in late pregnancy, IL‐6 production was reduced to levels 40 to 50% of control. In addition, mRNA was significantly down‐regulated by progesterone and HC, at both basal levels and after IL‐1β challenge. These results suggest that high levels of progesterone during pregnancy affect the development of localized inflammation by down‐regulation of IL‐6 production, rendering the gingiva less efficient at resisting the inflammatory challenges produced by bacteria.J Periodontol 1995; 66:279–284.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.279

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

To learn more about colonization of the oral epitheliumbyFusobacterium nucleatumand the role of fibronectin in mediating adhesion of this microorganism, we studied attachment of this bacterium to cultured gingival epithelial cells that were coated with exogenous, purified plasma fibronectin. The three strains ofF. nucleatumstudied adhered in large numbers to epithelial cells that had been coated with fibronectin, compared with buffer‐coated control cells. Bacterial adherence was also enhanced when epithelial cells were coated with whole human saliva. However, cells coated with saliva depleted of fibronectin did not facilitate adhesion of bacteria. Bacterial adhesion was restored when purified fibronectin was added back. We also tested adherence of bacteria to coverslips coated with fibronectin, saliva, and saliva depleted of fibronectin. The bacteria adhered to coverslips coated with fibronectin or whole human saliva, but did not adhere to coverslips coated with fibronectin‐depleted saliva. Bacterial adhesion to coverslips was restored upon addition of purified fibronectin to the fibronectin‐depleted saliva. Bacterial attachment to fibronectin‐coated coverslips was found to be temperature‐dependent, with maximal adhesion observed at 37°C. Pre‐treatment ofF. nucleatumwith soluble fibronectin inhibited attachment of the bacteria by 92%, whereas pre‐treatment with bovine serum albumin had no effect. Pre‐treatment of bacteria with laminin or type IV collagen caused moderate inhibition of attachment by 60% and 50%, respectively. Treatment of fibronectin‐coated coverslips with Fab fragments of anti‐fibronectin IgG blocked the attachment ofF. nucleatumby 93%. Fab fragments of the other antisera tested had no inhibitory effect. The data suggest that the attachment ofF. nucleatumto fibronectin‐coated coverslips or epithelial cells is a specific binding event between fibronectin and one or more molecules on the bacterial surface. Interaction ofF. nucleatumwith fibronectin, a component of saliva, may play a role in adhesion and establishment of this periodontal pathogen in the gingival sulcus.J Periodontol 1995; 66:285–290.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.285

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Acementifytng fibroma associatedwith a large intraosseous periodontal defect is reported. This tumor was located in the lingual aspect of the first lower left molar. Therapy consisted on flap surgery, tumor excision, and placement of a bone autograft in order to fill the residual bone defect. Six months after the treatment, clinical and radiographic signs of periodontal regeneration were evidenced.J Periodontol 1995; 66:291–294.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.291

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Four consecutive chronic, severe periodontal bone defectsin anterior teeth were treated by guided tissue regeneration, using a polytetrafluoroethylene periodontal membrane. The root surface was not specifically conditioned, and osseous grafts were not used. However the membrane was manipulated so that space under it was maintained. This was accomplished by painting the outer surface of the membrane with butyl‐cyanoacrylate, so that it became rigid. The membranes were removed after 4 weeks and a bone‐like tissue was found in all cases. The clinical results suggest that there was a relationship between the amount and quality of the new tissue and the volumetric characteristics of the available space.J Periodontol 1995; 66:295–300.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.295

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This report details the experienceof two people who suffered a unique type of periodontal atrophy following trigeminal sensory rhizotomy. The cause is unknown but it may be the result of unintentional self‐mutilation.J Periodontol 1995; 66:301–302.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1995.66.4.301

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY