摘要:

The four maxillaryincisors and two maxillary premolars of a 25‐year‐old male patient were used to study epithelial and connective tissue attachment 67 days and 164 days after flap surgery and cutting of an horizontal intradentinal groove near the buccal cervical region. Three teeth were topically conditioned for 3 minutes with citric acid pH = 1. The three other teeth were used as controls. The histologic examination was carried out in doubleblind conditions; the examiners did not know which specimens were acid treated until the end of the study. Two of the three cases treated with citric acid showed improved healing conditions, when compared to the controls; a more coronal position of the epithelial attachment in the dentin nick as well as a relatively important gain in connective tissue attachment. Two types of connective tissue attachment were observed. The first consisted of an attachment to dentin, without cementum formation and was characterized by a mineralization of decalcified dentin collagen spliced with collagen, newly secreted by fibroblasts. The second type involved cementum formation. Topical citric acid treatment, however, can not be considered as a completely reliable clinical procedure since in one experimental case the type of attachment observed was not better than that seen in the control.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.389

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Patients with the diagnosisof acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG) and their controls, matched for age, sex, race and general plaque accumulation, donated blood for differential white blood cell counts and for assay of several leukocyte functions. The leukocyte function assays included polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) responsiveness to chemotaxis and phagocytosis, and lymphocyte responsiveness to stimulation by nonspecific mitogens. The differential leukocyte counts were within the normal range for all subjects tested, and there was no diffference between ANUG patients and controls. The ANUG patients did, however, display significantly depressed PMN responsiveness in both chemotaxis and phagocytosis, compared to the controls. There was also reduced DNA synthesis by ANUG patients' lymphocytes upon stimulation by a nonspecific mitogen (Con A). The data presented in this report suggest that depression of some host defense mechanisms, particularly PMN chemotaxis and phagocytosis, may be important in the pathogenesis of ANUG.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.402

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Studies weredesigned to assess factors other than pathologic status of the cell donor which affect the blastogenic responsivenessin vitroof peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMs) from normal donors and patients with periodontitis. Cultures were established and activated using phytohemagglutinin‐P (PHA) or homogenates ofActinomyces viscosus(AVIS), a gram‐positive plaque microorganism, andFusobacterium nucleatum(FUSO), a gram‐negative plaque microorganism. Activation was assessed by measuring the incorporation of labeled precursor into DNA. The effects of incubation time, vessel shape, cell concentration, prostaglandin E2and indomethacin on blastogenic responsiveness were studied.Blastogenic responsiveness became maximal after 5 to 8 days' activation with the bacterial substances, and after 3 days' activation with PHA. Radioactivity incorporated by cultures in microtest wells with flat, round and conical bottoms was 5.9, 7.8 and 10.6 × 103cpm, respectively. Cultures of cells from all of the patients and normal subjects were activated by PHA, AVIS and FUSO, and cell concentration was a major determinant of the magnitude of the blastogenic response. Responsiveness of cultures from all patients and control subjects activated with AVIS and FUSO was inhibited significantly by Prostaglandin E‐2 (PGE2) at a concentration of 10μm. Inhibition was generally 50% or greater. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin production, at a concentration of 0.5μg/ml significantly enhanced responsiveness of AVIS‐ and FUSO‐activated cultures from control donors and patients, indicating that prostaglandins are produced endogenously, and that they affect cell responsiveness. The effect of PGE2and indomethacin on PHA‐activated cultures was more variable and, where present, of a lesser magnitude than that observed for cultures activated with bacterial homogenates. In most cultures the effects were not statistically significant. Our data show that in studies of lymphocyte activation, the incubation time, culture‐vessel shape, cell concentration and presence of endogenous inhibitors need to be taken into account.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.408

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

These studiesdemonstrate a unique constellation of organisms populating the subgingival area in periodontitis lesions of patients with juvenile or insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The cultivable microflora was predominated byCapnocytophagaand anaerobic vibrios in the patients studied. In some patients,Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitanswere also found. This distinguishes the subgingival flora of IDDM patients suffering from periodontitis from that of patients with localized juvenile periodontitis (LJP), and that of adult periodontitis patients. In LJP most patients harbor bothA actinomycetemcomitansandCapnocytophagasubgingivally; and in periodontitis lesions from nondiabetic adults, black‐pigmentedBacteroidessuch asB gingivalisorB melaninogenicussubspeciesintermediusare often found. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns suggest that penicillin or tetracycline or its analogs such as minocycline may be effective against the predominant cultivable microflora in periodontal lesions of IDDM patients; however, individual patients may harbor flora with significant resistance to these antibiotics.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.420

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The assumptionthat the palatal (PAL) root of maxillary molars has significantly greater attachment area than either the mesiobuccal (MB) or the distobuccal (DB) root was tested by documenting the root surface area of the individual roots and root trunks of 20 extracted maxillary first molars. Each molar was cross sectioned every millimeter, and the circumference of each root and root trunk section was measured with a calibrated opisometer. Mean circumferential measurements from each 1‐mm section were summed to give the surface area for each root and root trunk. The DB root had significantly less surface area than either the MB or PAL root or the root trunk. There was no significant difference between the surface areas of the MB and PAL roots. The surface area of the root trunk, which was significantly greater than that of any of the three individual roots, averaged 32% of the total root surface area of the maxillary first molar.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.431

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The interpretationof dental radiographs for the diagnosis of periodontal disease conditions poses several difficulties. These include the inability to adequately reproduce the projection geometry and optical density of the exposures. In order to improve the ability to extract accurate quantitative information from a radiographic survey of periodontal status, a method was developed which provided for consistent reproduction of both geometric and densitometric exposure parameters. This technique employed vertical bitewing projections in holders customized to individual segments of the dentition. a copper stepwedge was designed to provide densitometric standardization, and wire markers were included to permit measurement of angular variation. In a series of 53 paired radiographs, measurement of alveolar crest heights was found to be reproducible within approximately 0.1 mm. This method provided a full mouth radiographic survey using seven films, each complete with internal standards suitable for computer‐based image processing.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.435

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Alarge‐scaleretrospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of clinical infection after periodontal surgery and the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in preventing postoperative infection. All second‐year postgraduate students reviewed their patient records and completed a questionnaire. Eight infections were found in 884 operations performed without antibiotics, while one infection was found in 43 operations performed with antibiotics. Of 268 operations involving osseous surgery, six infections were noted while two infections were observed following 336 operations involving flap surgery without osteoplasty or ostectomy. The data indicated that the incidence of infection after periodontal surgery is very low in patients treated with or without antibiotics. It was concluded that unless there is a medical indication, there is no justification for using prophylactic antibiotic therapy to prevent infection following periodontal surgery.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.441

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1983.54.7.444

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY