摘要:

AbstractMany cells specialized for ion transport have complex shapes. The cells of the nephron are no exception. Besides the well‐documented lateral processes seen in the basal region of many tubular cells, two further specializations are found in rat kidney tubular cells which serve to increase the lateral cell membrane area. These are an interdigitation of processes confined to the apical region, and an inter‐digitation of more extensive processes that extend the full height of the c

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160112

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe hamster ovary has been studied histochemically for various lipids. The granulosa cells of normal follicles contain lipid bodies of various sizes composed mainly of phospholipids. Some lipid bodies also contain triglycerides, cholesterol and its esters. The theca cells contain lipid granules consisting of phospholipids. At the onset of atresia, the granulosa stores lipids abundantly which consist of triglycerides, cholesterol and its esters and a slight amount of phospholipids. The theca of atretic follicles, also stores lipids consisting of phospholipids first, and then in sequence phospholipids and triglycerides and finally phospholipids, triglycerides, cholesterol and its esters. The theca hypertrophies and persists to form the interstitial gland whereas the granulosa cells, with their lipid droplets, regress and disappear. The interstitial gland in the hamster ovary occurs as patches of various sizes and these are derived from the theca of atretic preantral and antral follicles. Most of the lipid droplets of the interstitial gland, are mobilized within the preovulatory ovary. The replenishment of lipid droplets begins on day 1 of the cycle (metestrus). On day 2, the interstitial gland is again filled with lipid droplets which are rich in cholesterol and its esters, triglycerides and phospholipids.In ovaries treated with pregnant mare's serum (PMS) on each of the days of the estrous cycle, numerous large preantral follicles having 4–7 layered granulosa, are stimulated to ovulate. Normally such follicles become atretic, indicating that a lack of sufficient endogenous pituitary gonadotrophins prevents these follicles from maturing. Neutral lipids, especially cholesterol and its esters, could not be demonstrated in the normal granulosa in the PMS‐treated ovaries. The follicles, which were atretic at the time of injections, were not affected by exogenous hormones. Human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) did not conspicuously affect the growth of follicles. Both PMS and HCG caused mobilization of lipid droplets from the interstitial gl

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160113

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAvailable information is assembled from published and unpublished accounts and pictures, and from study of surviving specimens, of cases of spontaneous intersexuality, pseudohermaphroditism, and other reproductive anomalies in mammals and birds which were studied by John Hunter (1728–1793). An effort is made to interpret this information in terms of current endocrine theor

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160114

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe pattern of the coronary arteries of the domestic fowl is described. In the fowl heart the longitudinal sulci do not contain descending rami of the coronary arteries. The largest coronary vessels are the right and left deep coronary arteries, which early in their course come to lie on the ventral face of the I–V septum immediately below the endocardium. The circumflex arteries which occupy the corresponding coronary sulci are minor trunks. Differences in the relative distribution of me right and left deep coronary arteries allow recognition of three heart types: Heart Type Two, i.e., right coronary artery dominance, is found to be the commonest; Heart Type Three (left coronary artery dominance), and Heart Type One (balanced coronary circulation) are less common. Some details of the origin and course of the atrial, infundibular, conal and valvular arteries are given. The presence of homo‐coronary and intercoronary anastomoses is no

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160115

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOrgan culture of 15 immature human placentas — obtained at therapeutic abortion of 5–22 week gestations — was carried out in a medium consisting of: horse serum, 20%; NCTC 109, 15%; and balanced salt solution, 65% to which was added 100 I.U. of penicillin per ml of culture medium. Minced placental fragments were placed on filter paper laid across glass beads within a Petri dish; the medium barely covering the beads. Moist incubation was carried out at 35–36°C in a mixture of 5% CO2and 95% O2for 4–6 weeks; the medium being changed every 2–3 days. Radioautographic techniques using 1–2 μc of methyl H3‐thymidine per ml of medium as well as routine histological techniques were employed. These showed that Langhans epithelium or cell masses — cytotrophoblast — differentiated or metamorphosed into a “new” syncytiotrophoblast. Only cytotrophoblastic nuclei took up the radioactive thymidine which appeared later in the new syncytiotrophoblast. Ordinary histologic preparations showed that the “new” syncytiotrophoblast resembled the original syncytiotrophoblast by virtue of its position (between original cyto‐ and syncytiotrophoblast) together with its loss of cell boundaries and its acquisition of intracellular vacuoles and cytoplasmic chromophilia. The cytotrophoblast remained viable for three weeks and then gradually decreased in amount with a corresponding increase in the amount of “new” syncytiotrophoblast. The latter was the predominant though necrotic tissue seen at six weeks. These techniques are tools for investigating the many aspects of growth, differentiation and endo

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160116

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWith the help of the highly specific and sensitive histochemical fluorescence method of Falck and Hillarp for the cellular demonstration of monoamines the catecholamine‐containing cell‐bodies within the brain stem have been studied after unilateral removal of a large part of the neostriatum 1 to 28 days after the operation.Most of the catecholamine‐containing cell‐bodies within the substantia nigra — but no other monoamine‐containing cell‐bodies — appeared to be distinctly increased in fluorescence intensity and somewhat swollen 2 to 4 days after operation while after 3 to 4 weeks they showed a marked to very marked decrease in fluorescence intensity together with marked degenerative changes. Parallel with the changes in the cell‐bodies there occurred a rapid and marked accumulation of catecholamines within very abundant swollen nerve fibers in the internal capsule. These nerve fibers were traced caudally via the retrolenticular part of the internal capsule down to the crus cerebri. These results together with those in a previous paper (Andén, Carlsson, Dahlström, Fuxe, Hillarp and Larsson, 1964) seem to provide conclusive evidence for the presence of nigro‐neostri

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160117

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe relationship between organ size, body weight and the size variations in myenteric neurones of the ileum and cecum has been studied in white Fisher rats. Three groups of conventional as well as germfree rats of varying body weight were utilized.Myenteric neurones in the cecum and ileum “grow” with increasing body weight. Cecal neurones have a steeper growth curve than ileal neurones. The average diameter of Auerbach's ganglion cells in the cecum is 13.6 μ in 90 gm rats, 20.0 in 300 gm rats. In medium sized rats (150 gm) the myenteric neurones of the germfree cecum are 2–3 times as large as those in the cecum of conventional animals. This increase is proportional to the enlarged cecal circumference in germfree rodents. When small (90 gm) germfree rats are conventionalized the myenteric neurones return to normal size as the cecum “shrinks” to normal size. In the intramural parasympathetic nervous system of the gut organ size as well as body weight are determinants of ganglion

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160118

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0002-9106    

DOI:10.1002/aja.1001160101

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1965

数据来源: WILEY