摘要:

AbstractA study of the incubation period and clinical signs of kennel cough was undertaken by collating and analysing information obtained by postal questionnaires from a random sample of general veterinary practitioners in the United Kingdom. Agent‐specific incubation periods were inferred from the vaccinal status of affected dogs. The mean and range of the incubation period forBordetella bronchisepticainfection were 6‐5 days and two to 14 days, respectively; similar descriptive statistics for canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV) infection were 4–5 days and one to eight days. Local clinical signs (cough, nasal discharge and gagging/retching) were present in animals in all vaccinal categories. One or more systemic clinical signs (pyrexia and anorexia) were identified in 32 per cent of cases. No association was detected between vaccinal status againstB bronchisepticaand CPIV, and clinical

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDeterminations of serum folate and cobalamin concentrations in dogs have proved of considerable value for the identification and characterisation of chronic small intestinal disorders, but the microbiological assays used are time‐consuming and technically demanding. Dual isotope radio‐assays are more convenient and have been developed for the determination of folate and cobalamin in human beings. This study has evaluated such an assay for the determination of serum folate and cobalamin concentrations in dogs by direct comparison with microbiological assays used previously. Assays were performed on samples from77dogs, including controls and animals with confirmed or suspected chronic small intestinal disease. Regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between the two assays for serum folate concentrations (R=0–85; P=0–0001) and a definite trend for radioassay to give lower results than bioassay. There was also a significant relationship between bioassay and radioassay data for serum cobalamin (R=0–91; P=0–0001) with comparable absolute values for these two assays. Radioassay of serum samples from 31 clinically healthy dogs gave control ranges of 3–7 to 8‐8 4mUg/litre for folate and 205 to 490 ng/litre for cobalamin. These ranges were similar to those calculated by comparison with the established ranges for bioassay using regression analysis, which predicted ranges of 4‐4 to 8‐4 μg/litre and 217 to 398 ng/litre for radioassay of serum folate and cobalamin, respectively. These data indicate that a dual isotope radioassay of serum folate and cobalamin may be used for dogs, and emphasise the need for laboratories to validate and establish their own control ranges

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe general pharmacology of the non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used in dogs and cats has been described in part 1 of this review (Lees and others 1991). This paper outlines the properties of the individual agents as they are used in small animal practice. The NSAIDs which have been used extensively in small animals include the older agents such as Aspirin, cinchophen and phenylbutazone. These agents have previously been used empirically by extrapolation of dosages from other species and by clinical experience. Studies are now available which provide a scientific rationale for the dosage rate recommended. A number of new drugs have recently been licensed for use in the dog or may be licensed in the near future. These include flunixin, carprofen and tolfenamic acid and the data generated from these products provides very useful information for formulating I effective dosage regimens. There are also some NSAIDs such as piroxicam which have been investigated in the dog because they have particular properties which may be of use in common clinical conditions and others, such as Paracetamol and Ibuprofen, which are readily available to the public and which owners may administer to dogs or cats at toxic do

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDogs scheduled for elective removal of non‐diabetic cataracts were assigned to one of four anaesthetic regimes. Thiopentone (Intraval Sodium; RMB Animal Health) or propofol (Rapinovet; Coopers Pitman‐Moore) was used as the induction agent and with each agent half the animals were paralysed with vecuronium (Nor‐curon; Organon Teknika) and ventilated mechanically, and half breathed spontaneously. Anaesthesia was maintained with halothane (Halothane‐M&B; RMB Animal Health) and nitrous oxide (BOC) in oxygen. The use of muscle relaxants significantly improved the eye position and significantly reduced the lowest halothane vaporiser setting used during anaesthesia. Propofol produced a significantly shorter recovery time than thio

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA group of non‐azotaemic bull terriers from families with hereditary nephritis had significant subclinical renal disease. Of the renal function tests carried out, proteinuria, almost exclusively albumin, was a reliable and early indicator of glomerular abnormality. While 24‐hour urinary protein excretion (24 UPE) in the bull terriers was significantly higher than in a group of normal dogs of other breeds, urinary protein excretion (UPE) was also significantly higher when measured by simple single sample tests such as the urinary protein to urinary creatinine ratio (UP/C). UPE in bull terriers was correlated with increasing age, in contrast to lack of correlation in the normal dogs. The degree of proteinuria in affected bull terriers from which renal biopsies were taken correlated with the severity of histopathological changes which mainly affected glomeruli. Light microscopic examination revealed segmentally thickened glomerular and tubular basement membranes, thickened Bowman's capsules and adhesions between glomerular capillaries and Bowman's capsules. Other renal function tests were performed but failed to detect subclinical disease. It is suggested that hereditary nephritis (HN) in bull terriers is similar to that seen in samoyeds, dober‐mann pinschers and h

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeventy‐two dogs of 27 breeds were ovariec‐tomised and followed for six years minimum. Trie technique used was a bilateral surgical flank approach, removing the ovaries and leaving the uterus in situ. The main technical advantages of the technique are the better ovarian exposure, the possible deep placement of the ligatures and the small incisions. The disadvantages are the need to turn the animal, to redrape it and the difficulty in finding the ovarian bursa in some animals as well as the difficulty of removing the uterus when necessary. Post surgical complications were minimal and consisted mainly of seroma formation in 16 dogs (26 per cent) for a maximum of two weeks. In the long term the major complications were weight gain (60 per cent), excessive hair shedding (26 per cent), aggressiveness towards other dogs (22 per cent), sedentary behaviour (29 per cent) and urinary incontinence (18 per cent). The latter started approximately 1–5 years after surgery and occurred periodically in one half and continuously in the other half of the dogs. Over the mean 10 years follow‐up period no cases of pyometra o

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00558.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMaxillary‐mandibular wiring was used for mandibular immobilisation and maintenance of proper dental occlusion in two cats with caudal mandibular fractures. Alimentation was provided to one cat via a gastrostomy tube and to the other cat via a nasogastric tube during the seven day period the maxillary‐mandibular wires were maintained. Both cats had normal occlusion and mandibular function at the time of discharge from the hospital and at follow‐up examin

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00559.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY