ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00881.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFine needle aspiration biopsy was used as part of the diagnostic protocol in a series of cases of exophthalmos in domestic species. This technique eliminated the necessity for exploratory surgery.

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00882.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00883.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTH‐reflexes were recorded consistently from the plantar muscles of pentobarbitone‐anaesthetised dogs following supramaximal stimulation of the caudal cutaneous sural nerve (CCSN). As the amplitude, shape and latency of successive H‐reflex potentials fluctuated from trial to trial, 16 consecutive sweeps were averaged to quantify the response. The averaged H‐reflex had an amplitude of 1–6 ± 0–9 mV (mean ± SD] and a latency of 20 ± 2 ms. The CCSN‐evoked H‐reflex was recorded together with the CCSN‐evoked compound muscle action potential (SurCMAP), which had a shorter latency (6 ± 1 ms) but comparable size (1–9 ± 1–3 mV). H‐reflex afferents in the CCSN had overlapping but slightly higher electrical thresholds than plantar motoneurone axons. A ‘pure’ H‐reflex could be obtained by injecting local anaesthetic below the site of nerve stimulation. Halothane/nitrous oxide anaesthesia substantially reduced the amplitude of H‐refle

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00884.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of osteochondrosis in a breeding colony of labrador retrievers during an 11‐year period was investigated. Management practices and environmental factors were similar for all dogs. In 1247 progeny, elbow lameness was recorded in 259 dogs (21 per cent) and lesions of osteochondrosis on the coronoid process and, or, medial condyle of the humerus were confirmed in 189 dogs (15 per cent). None of 39 labrador crossbred dogs were affected. The incidence in progeny varied between different sires and dams and was associated with the severity of radiographic evidence of elbow arthritis in sires and dams with dams contributing significantly more than sires, suggesting a ‘maternal’ e

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00885.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00886.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTForty dogs referred to the University Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Cambridge for medical and oncological conditions between 1985 and 1990 were found to be hypercalcaemia In 18 cases the primary or underlying condition was diagnosed as lymphoproliferative disease with multicentric lymphoma occurring most commonly. Ten dogs were suffering from hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) and two had adenocarcinomas of the apocrine glands of the anal sac. In three dogs a clinical diagnosis of renal dysplasia was made, this diagnosis being confirmed at post mortem examination in one dog. In the remaining cases hypercalcaemia was associated with a primary lung tumour, a thymoma, an osteosarcoma with widespread skeletal metastases, primary hyperparathyroidism due to a parathyroid adenoma, chronic panniculitis, iatrogenic hypoadrenocorticism following mito‐tane therapy (one case each] and, in a further case, no diagnosis was reached. The most common clinical signs were inappetence, polyuria/ polydipsia, weakness, vomiting, lethargy and depression. As a group, the dogs with lymphoproliferative disease had a significantly higher mean plasma calcium concentration (4‐3 ± 0–7 vs 3–5 ± 0–4 mmol/litre), a significantly lower mean plasma inorganic phosphate concentration (1–5 ± 0–5 vs 2–4 ± 09 mmol/litre) andweresignificantly older (5‐5 ± 2–4 vs 3‐3 + 1–8 years) than the d

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00887.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00888.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTExperimental spinal cord trauma is studied with the purpose of better understanding and of finding better treatments for clinically occurring spinal cord trauma. In recent years major new insights have occurred in the pathophysiology of spinal cord trauma. A large amount of research has been carried out in experimental spinal cord trauma. It has mainly focused on vascular aspects of pathophysiology and on treatment. No generally accepted, very successful therapy for clinical use has emerged from this data. In addition, quite a few therapies which have been postulated to work have not yet been tested clinically. Finally the experimental models that have been used vary tremendously and standardisation is need ed. In this standardised model the influence of variables should be clear. The main pathophysiological phenomena that occur are rupture of cell membranes and microvessels. Microvessel rupture leads to free radical formation to thrombocyte aggregation and vessel obstruction. Cell oxygenation becomes impaired and eventually cell death occurs. This can be observed especially in the spinal cord grey matter. Cell membrane rupture leads to Ca2+‐influx, neurotoxic firing with glutamate release and the activation of the arachidonic acid cascade. This results in production of thromboxanes, prostaglandins and prostacyclins. These actuate thrombocyte aggregation serotonin release, vasoconstriction and oedem and lead to cell anoxia and cell death. All processes are completed within 24 hours after which regeneration takes plac

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00889.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4510    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-5827.1991.tb00890.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY