摘要:

Neuropeptides (NP) are protein compounds contained both in the central and peripheral nervous system. They can be antidromically released from sensory nerves and are implicated in the so-called neurogenic inflammation. They also exert a number of functions within the immune system and are thought to act as trophic as well as mitogenic substances. Several NP have been detected in human skin by immunohistochemical and radioimmunological techniques, and recent reports have demonstrated that NP could be involved in the mechanisms of certain dermatoses. The involvement of NP in either physiological or patho-physiological skin conditions is discussed. Moreover, a few questions, which still need to be addressed, are raised, and future directions this field of research should take are outlined.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247232

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) was first observed in 1981 and reported in 1984. Initially, this entity was restricted to HIV-seropositive male homosexual patients, but the risk group has been expanded since 1986 to all patients infected with HIV. It has been recognized that OHL is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). In 1988 we reported the first HIV-negative immunosuppressed patient with documented EBV-positive OHL. In patients with OHL, continuous shedding of EBV from saliva is necessary to maintain the lesion. EBV shedding leads to repeated infection of the intraoral epithelium. This may explain the highly variable course of OHL. The lesions may spontaneously disappear within few days. No latent EBV can be found in basal or suprabasal cells. In OHL coinfection with multiple strains of replicating EBV was documented recently. The clinical diagnosis of OHL may be confirmed by ultrastructural examination or in situ hybridization of exfoliative cytologic specimens. OHL is highly predictive for the development of AIDS. However, in HIV-seropositive patients, detection of EBV-DNA in the oral epithelium by the scraping method may be an earlier and more powerful predictor of progression to AIDS than is OHL.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247233

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 40-year-old patient developed a 5-mm-deep melanoma from a lesion on her chest which had been treated with Solcoderm 10 years previously. We recently described 3 other cases of melanoma that evolved in a lesion treated by Solcoderm. Much debate surrounds the recommendation as to the appropriate method for treatment of pigmented lesions when the removal is indicated for cosmetic reasons only. Most of the authors agree that any pigmented lesion which merits excision merits submission for histological examination. The aim of the present report was to express a warning regarding what we think is an inappropriate and hazardous method of treating pigmented lesions, namely their chemical destruction with Solcoderm. In view of the reported cases of melanoma evolving in lesions treated previously with Solcoderm we believe that this treatment is absolutely contraindicated for pigmented lesions.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247234

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tinea unguium (TU) is very common in tropical and subtropical regions. An inexpensive, quick and sensitive test is essential for screening the nail specimens. We investigated if a test using potassium hydroxide(KOH)-treated nail clippings, which were then crushed and stained with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), could be useful for diagnosing TU. The new method (abbreviated as KONCPA) was proved to be more fruitful to identify fungal hyphae in comparison with conventional KOH nail scraping preparation, histopathologic examination and fungal culture. The positive rates of each method were 77, 44, 60 and 16%, respectively. All 10 KONCPA-negative nails failed to show fungus by the other three methods. The KONCPA slides can be permanently stored as records. In addition, we also found that treatment of nail specimens in 20% KOH at 56°C for 10 min prior to histopathologic processing is a simple method to soften the nail plate

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247235

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Light- and electron-microscopical examination of 4 skin biopsies from 2 members of the initially described family with Nägeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome revealed that the already reported pigment incontinence is accompanied by varying amounts of colloid-amyloid bodies located in the superficial dermis. Occasionally, such bodies could also be seen around sweat glands in the reticular dermis. These findings indicate that cutaneous colloid-amyloid formation could be a pathogenic factor in the phenotypic expression of this autosomal dominant syndrome

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247236

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The sweating response of 2 patients with the Nägeli-Franceschetti-Jadassohn syndrome was measured by direct calorimetry. During the experiment, under conditions of moderate heat stress, the 2 patients felt comfortable and showed a normal thermoregulatory response. This tended to corroborate the patients’ history which did not reveal a clear-cut heat intolerance. However, the starch-iodine test on the right flexor forearm revealed a marked reduction in activated sweat gland density while the patients were still under experimental conditions. Probably this was not the only region with a reduced number of functioning glands. Still, the patients’ overall performance through the experiment indicated that their total number of functioning glands was able to produce a sweat output sufficient to prevent disturbances in thermoregulation. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the thermoregulatory capacity of patients suffering from a hereditary dermatosis in which hypohidrosis is part of the clinical pic

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247237

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Six patients with systemic sclerosis (SS) and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) were studied to determine whether such cases have some common clinical and laboratory findings. DLE preceded SS in all cases. Three patients had diffuse scleroderma with lung and esophagus involvements and the others limited scleroderma. Three patients had anti-topoisomerase-I and antiribonucleoprotein antibodies, 2 had either of them and the remaining anticentromere antibodies. Four had DLE located on the scalp, leading to alopecia. The other 2 had DLE on the face and extremities. No case fulfilled criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present cases with SS and DLE, but without SLE, indicate that this type of systemic-cutaneous collagen disease overlap does exist and may be not so rare.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247238

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intradermal testing with 7 environmental allergens was performed on 71 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) with respiratory atopy (RAT) and 30 pure AD patients, and the cutaneous late-phase reaction (CLPR) was observed several to 48 h after challenge. CLPR was not seen in pure AD. In AD patients with RAT, CLPR was positive in 29 of 71 patients. No macroscopic eczematous lesions appeared. All CLPR-positive patients showed RAST scores of 2 or more. We assume that CLPR can be an exacerbating factor in AD with RAT, while it is not directly involved in pure AD.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247239

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

One-hundred and two patients from the area of Hamburg, Germany, with vitiligo (photo-skin types II and III, Fitzpatrick classification, 1979), were examined for a possible association of the human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) complex with this disease. Antisera panels for the detection of 75 HLA antigens were utilized for this HLA typing (WHO Bulletin, 1988). The results were compared with 400 unrelated age- and sex-matched controls with photo-skin types II and III from the same geographical area. Nine of 76 vitiligo patients showed a significantly increased expression of the rare antigen HLA DRW 12 (pc = 0.000708), and 65/102 patients showed a marginally significant increased frequency of HLA A2 (pc = 0.04850) compared with controls. For HLA BW60 (40), a significant increase in frequency was shown only in the adult vitiligo group (pc = 0.0126). A ‘preventive’ antigen for the manifestation of vitiligo has not been identified in this study. A comparative analysis of all published data on the possible association of HLA with vitiligo does not support a definitive linkage to the MHC so

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247240

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acne vulgaris usually improves with long-term oral antibiotic therapy; however, some patients fail or only partially respond to the commonly prescribed antibiotics. Only a proportion of these patients warrants treatment with isotretinoin suggesting a need for additional therapeutic options. We have therefore performed an open retrospective study of the efficacy of trimethoprim as a third-line antibiotic in the treatment fo patients whose acne vulgaris failed to respond to at least 2 courses of antibiotics. A total of 56 patients were reviewed, who had all failed to respond adequately to a minimum of 2 courses of antibiotics. All patients received trimethoprim in a dosage of 300 mg twice daily for at least 4 months, unless it had been withdrawn due to side effects. Topically they were given 1% clindamycin lotion twice daily to the affected areas. The severity of the patient’s acne was graded on the face, back and chest. The changes in acne grades were evaluated using non-parametric statistics (Wilcoxon matched pairs). At 4 months there were significant improvements from the grades at initiation in all three sites (p = 0.005 or less). Twenty-one patients remained on the treatment for 8 months, and a significant improvement in the changes of the acne grades remained (p = 0.02 or less). Two patients had the trimethoprim stopped due to side effects. We can therefore recommend this regime as a third-line treatment in the management of acn

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247241

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger