ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248407

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Idiopathic acquired generalized anhidrosis with sudden onset is rare and its pathogenesis is not known. We report a patient with this condition, and the results of electron-microscopic and immunohistochemical studies as well as an analysis of the lectin-binding pattern of the cell membrane. Electron-microscopically, the cells of the eccrine sweat gland showed vacuolar changes. Besides their cytoplasmic changes, the results of a deficient lectin-binding pattern of the glandular cells suggest that there are disturbances in the formation of glycoproteins on their membrane.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248408

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Six hours after challenge with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in sensitized volunteers, infrequent cells reacting with both OKT6 (CD 1a) and with an antibody to DNCB were demonstrated in the upper dermis in 3 out of 4 subjects, using a double fluorescence technique. Single marker studies using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to DNCB showed cytoplasmic reactivity with peripheral accentuation in keratinocytes throughout the epidermis, most intense in the granular and basal layers, and occasional positive cells in the papillary dermis. Immunoperoxidase electron microscopy using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to DNCB demonstrated reactivity on keratinocyte and Langerhans cell membranes, with intracellular deposition of reaction product on mitochondria. Reaction product was present on the external leaflets of Birbeck granules, suggesting that the penetration of DNCB was passive rather than due to an active endocytic process. The immunofluorescent studies suggest that the double-fluorescing upper dermal cells were Langerhans cells but this could not be confirmed by electron microscopy.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248409

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the FRG data on more than 2,000 patients with malignant melanoma (MM) have been documented so far by the malignant melanoma cooperative group (MMCG 1962–1972) and by the central malignant melanoma registry of the German Dermatological Society (CMMR 1983–1988). In this study we compared the basic characteristics between these two multicenter data collections (CMMR until 1986) in order to detect any changes in clinical epidemiology of MM diagnosed within the past 20 years. The age distribution of the patients with MM at the time of first diagnosis did not reveal any change: a similar portion of patients was under 50 years of age (1962–72: males 44% females 45%; 1983–86: males 44%, females 47%). The percentage of males with MM, however, increased in the CMMR group (35–41%) and the portion of tumors localized on the trunk was found markedly increased in both sexes (males: 39–56%, females: 15–25%). Comparison of the tumor thickness indicated some significant advance in the early recognition of MM: the percentage of thick tumors (> 1.5 mm) decreased between both time periods (males: 72–41%; females: 60–37%) with a corresponding elevation of thinner tumors. Nevertheless, during both time periods the first diagnosis was metastasizing melanoma in about 10% of all patients. Also, the proportion of prognostically unfavorable, nodular malignant melanomas remained nearly constant (about 30% of all patient

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248410

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acetylator phenotype has been determined with sulfamethazine in 64 psoriatic patients and in 157 normal control subjects. Forty patients (62.5%) versus 90 control subjects (57.3%) were slow acetylators (p = NS). However, 81 % of the 27 patients with psoriatic siblings were slow acetylators (p < 0.05). Slow acetylator phenotype may be a genetic risk factor for the development of psoriasis.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248411

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients with Darier’s disease have frequently been observed to develop severe bacterial and viral infections. Previous studies have indicated some derangement in the immune system, even though no consistent or specific abnormality has yet been demonstrated. We performed the results of immunologic studies in 10 patients with Darier’s disease. In each patient humoral immunity and cell-mediated immunity (in vivo and in vitro) were evaluated and leukocyte chemotactic function was assayed. Humoral immunity was normal; as regards clusters of differentiation (CD), a slight increase in CD4 lymphocyte subpopulations was observed in 7 patients and of CD4/CD8 ratio in 1 case. The lymphocyte responses to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A were normal, whereas the response to pokeweed mitogen was decreased slightly, but not significantly. Normal random and chemotactic mobility was found in all the patients except one. The data obtained do not show important immunological alterations. Our patients did not have a high propensity to develop severe infections and this may explain the absence of significant immunological derangement. Our data confirm that no immunological derangement is associated with Darier’s di

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248412

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Natural killer cell (NK) activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes against K 562 cells was investigated in lichen planus (LP). 38 LP patients with cutaneous or oral mucosal involvement and 20 healthy controls participated in the study. A statistically significant decrease in the NK response in LP patients with extensive erosive oral mucosal involvement (p < 0.02) and in generalized acute eruptive LP (p < 0.01) was noted compared to those with nonerosive LP of the oral mucosa or healthy controls. Interleukin 2 failed to restore completely the reduced NK activities in our patients with LP.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248413

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The morphology of mast cells in the skin lesion from a case of urticaria pigmentosa was observed using light and electron microscopy. Furthermore, the IgE deposition on mast cells in the lesion was studied with immunoelectron microscopy. Diaminobenzidine reaction and 4-chloro-naphthol reaction were used to detect endogenous peroxidase activity in mast cells in the lesion. Ultracytochemical techniques were applied to clarify the localization of peroxidase activity in the mast cells. Morphologically, neither blast-like cells nor intermediate cells between basophils and mast cells were found in the lesion. No mast cells in the lesion did exhibit IgE deposition on their plasma membrane. By light microscopy, granular stains of diaminobenzidine reaction and 4-chloro-naphthol reaction were observed in the cytoplasm of mast cells in the lesion. By electron microscopy, a finely stippled peroxidase staining was observed in some granules of the mast cells. Perinuclear cisterna and endoplasmic reticulum appeared devoid of enzymatic activity. These findings suggest that the infiltrating mast cells in this case were immature.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248414

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Lipids of the stratum corneum are implicated in cohesion and desquamation of the stratum corneum as well as in the maintenance of normal barrier function. Evidence linking the intercellular lipids to such processes has mainly been derived from studies on acquired or inherited diseases of lipid metabolism manifesting abnormalities in the structure and the function of the stratum corneum. We have studied the composition of stratum corneum lipids in clinically normal individuals with typical xerosis or ‘winter dry skin’ in order to establish if the lipid composition differs from that of normal individuals, showing no signs of xerosis. The amount of total stratum corneum lipids was not related to xerosis (22.0 ± 1.8 μg/cm2 for normal skin, and 26.3 ± 2.9 μg/cm2 for severe xerosis), and no correlation was evident between polar lipids, cholesterol sulfate (2.8 ± 0.5% for normal skin, and 1.6 ± 0.2% for severe xerosis), or ceramides types I-VI, and dry skin. It therefore appears that dramatic changes in stratum corneum lipids are not detectable in normal ‘winter dry’ skin. However, a decreased proportion of neutral lipids (sterol esters, triglycerides), coupled to increased amounts of free fatty acids were found associated to the severity of dry skin. Apart from a decline in the sebaceous function and in esterases activity, winter dry skin does not appear to be associated to dramatic changes in polar stratum c

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248415

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Activities of piasminogen activators (PA) and their inhibitors were studied in the bullous lesions of 2 siblings with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). The hematological findings of the patients revealed hyperfibrinogenemia, hyper-γ-globulinemia and marked thrombocytosis. The immunofluorescent studies showed strong deposits of piasminogen, fibrin-degenerative products and α1-antitrypsin around the blister lesions. On the other hand, α1-macroglobulin (α2-M) was sparsely deposited.The levels of α2-M in the blister fluid of the patients were also decreased in comparison with those from patients with other bullous dermatoses.The topical application of antibiotic ointment with strong PA inhibitor was clinically effective when applied to the blister and eroded lesions of the patients. These findings suggest that the increased activity of PA may play an important role in the development of blister formation in patients with

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000248416

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1989

数据来源: Karger