摘要:

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has been implicated as one of the critical mediators of psoriasis. Evidence for an important role on the progression of the disease is increasing, while recent clinical studies have suggested its beneficial role in the disease. Based on the results of our sequential analysis of the serum cytokine levels in a patient with pustular psoriasis, we speculate that immunologic effects of constitutive local release of TNF-α may be quite different from those of its systemic injecti

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247210

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Some types of hypersensitivity to drugs are defined either by the generic name of the drug or descriptive terms. They are sometimes assimilated to pseudolymphoma because the causative drugs are often the same, although the eruption lacks clinical and histopathological criteria of pseudolymphoma. It is then suggested to use ‘idiosyncratic drug hypersensitivity syndrome’ to define this type of drug reaction. As the skin and other organs may be involved, a generic name would help to determine a better definition and a surveillance prog

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247211

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Atypical variants of melanocytic nevi such as congenital nevi, acral nevi and Spitz nevi may share many architectural and cytologic abnormalities in common with conventional dysplastic nevi. Although largely undetermined, the degree of melanoma risk (if any) associated with the atypical nevus in question may correlate with the grade of atypia in the particular nevus and a variety of other factors such as the number of nevi and skin phototype.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247212

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The purpose of the study was to develop an in vivo model to study the effects of lipid removal on skin barrier. 16 subjects (age 41 ± 8) were delipidized in vivo on the volar forearm using respectively ether/acetone (EA; 1:1) and chloroform/ methanol (CM; 2:1). A third site served as control. Water holding capacity (WHC) was measured according to the plastic occlusion stress test (POST) procedure: the water desorption curve after removal of the occlusion was recorded in terms of skin surface water loss (SSWL) using and evaporimeter for 30 min. In the central part of the evaporation curve (bound water) the CM-treated site is significantly different from control and EA-treated sites (p < 0.01). The SSWL decay constants reflecting the desorption rate of water from SC are higher in the CM-treated site (p < 0.01). The data are consistent with the effect of CM delipidization (polar lipids) on bound water. No differences are recorded in the evaporation of free water. We conclude that polar lipids have a key role in modulating barrier function and WHC of the stratum corneum. The POST can represent a useful in vivo model to study the effects of lipid extraction on skin function

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247213

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An inverse correlation has been demonstrated between nm23 gene expression and metastasis. The gene is located on chromosome 17q (q1.1–q2.1), a region distinct from tumour suppressor gene p53. We have previously reported expression of mutant products of p53 gene to be significantly associated with worsening degrees of differentiation in squamous cell carcinoma. nm23 gene product, which shows complete identity to human erythrocyte nucleoside diphosphate kinase, was used to raise an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody Ab-11 which is applicable to formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the epidermis form a fascinating human tumour model in which to test the hypothesis that the nm23 gene confers ‘anti-metastatic’ properties, since the former never metastasise while the latter have this potential. Two observers rated immunohistochemistry for the nm23 gene product as the proportion of tumour positive from grades 1-4 (corresponding to 25, 50, 75 and 100% of tumour cells stained). Nineteen typical keratoacanthomas, 20 well, 21 moderately and 8 poorly differentiated epidermal squamous cell carcinomas were studied. The Jonckheere-Terpstra test statistic of association between staining grade and lesion type was 762.5, p = 0.189 (2 tails), p = 0.0945 (1 tail). There was no statistically significant trend in tumour staining from keratoacanthoma through decreasing grades of differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma. nm23 product expression does not appear to correlate with differentiation, itself an indicator of metastatic potential, in this system of human squamous cell neoplasms. As with many other pathobiological features compared in squamous cell carcinoma and keratoacanthoma, the two lesions have yet again shown more similarity than difference, defying explanation of their radically different beha

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247214

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Chloroquine is known to exacerbate psoriasis. Since immunological stimuli are considered to be important for the pathogenesis of psoriasis, we compared the effects of chloroquine on cell-mediated immunity in 15 healthy control individuals and 15 patients with psoriasis. We employed the spontaneous and phytohemagglutin (PHA)-induced uptake of 3H-thymidine to measure lymphocyte proliferation. Chloroquine was added to the cultures at concentrations ranging from 0.022 to 220 μM. We found that both spontaneous and PHA-driven lymphocyte proliferations were significantly lower in patients with psoriasis (p < 0.002). The spontaneous blastogenesis in both controls and patients remained stable under chloroquine. In PHA-driven cultures in controls, 0.022––2.2 μM chloroquine had no effect, higher concentrations of the drug suppressed proliferation. In patients, 22 μM chloroquine surmounted the suppression of the PHA-induced proliferative response found in controls; moreover, 2.2––0.022 μM 300% (p < 0.002). Our data indicate that in psoriasis the lower lymphocyte transformation is abnormally stimulated by the addition of pharmacological doses of

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247215

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The digital pitting scar is a common clinical feature in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS). Its pathogenesis is unclear, but it may result in small ulcerations. The clinical and histological features of these lesions are poorly understood. Eighty-seven patients with PSS were examined at least once per year. Pitting scars were defined as pinhole-sized digital concave depressions with hyperkeratosis. They were seen in 34 cases (39%) and were located not only on the tips of the fingers, but also on the sides, especially on the radial border of the index and middle finger and the ulnar side of the thumb, where they had a linear arrangement. Additional pitting scars were noticed on the dorsal surface of the proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints. Pitting was closely associated with several signs of PSS, e.g. Raynaud’s phenomenon, skin thickening or articular involvement (e.g. stiffness, swelling, pain). There was no relationship between the number of pitting scars and the duration of PSS. Biopsy samples were taken of the lesions on the lateral sides of fingers in 3 patients. Histologically, there was a plug-like hyperkeratosis with parakeratosis, homogenized collagen fibers and slight perivascular mononuclear cell infiltration. Calcification and altered collagen fibers were observed in the deep dermis. Although pitting scars of the fingertips may be different from those of the lateral sides of the fingers, both histologically and pathogenetically, they were similar clinically. The scar locations on the fingertips and finger joints (proximal interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal) suggest that exogenous trauma, vibration injury and/or cold exposure may play a role in their pathogenesi

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247216

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Kathon is a biocide consisting of a mixture of two isothiazolinone derivatives (5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one) in an approximate ratio of 3:1 respectively, and with MgCl2 and Mg(NO3)2 present as stabilizers. The isothiazolinones are marketed under several brand names, and the concentration of the active ingredient varies according to their intended application. At a concentration of 3–15 ppm it shows activity against a wide spectrum of fungi, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Contact allergy to it has been caused by cosmetics and also by products used in the pottery and various other industries. Recently we had the opportunity to observe 6 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis from an isothiazolinone mixture named Grotan TK 2 in a large textile industry producing nylon. An oil emulsion containing isothiazolinones is used in the spinning phase of the work cycle to prevent bacterial contamination that would damage yarn quality; furthermore, it helps to decrease the electrostatic charge that is produced by high speed at which the yarn moves and also to decrease the breakage possibilit

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247217

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Tiacrilast is a potent mast cell degranulation inhibitor in vitro and in animal studies. Since mast cells and their mediators are possibly involved in atopic eczema, we have studied a topically applied 3% hydrogel formulation of tiacrilast against vehicle in a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Drug or vehicle were applied on involved skin for 28 days. Efficacy was assessed weekly using a 4-point scale for erythema, scaling, induration, exudation and pruritus. An overall assessment of the sites for efficacy and site preference was performed at the end of treatment. In the 32 patients evaluable for efficacy, > 33% improvement was noted on 78% of the drug- and 75% of the vehicle-treated sites, with no statistically significant differences for any of the parameters tested. Treatment was generally well tolerated by all patients. These data suggest that mast cells may not play a major role in the maintenance of atopic eczema lesions.

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247218

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The efficacy of squaric acid dibutylester (SADBE), a topical allergen, was investigated in the treatment of 20 patients with warts. All patients had multiple or warts recalcitrant to other therapies or hesitated to have the painful cryotherapy. The patients with warts present for a mean of 15.3 months (range 1–36) were successfully sensitized with 2% SADBE in acetone. Then the warts were treated with a 0.1 or 0.01% SADBE application once a week or every other week, so as to maintain a mild contact dermatitis. Twelve of the 20 patients (60%) were completely cured after an average of 6 applications (range 2–12). Five patients (25%) showed either a poor or no response even after 9-18 applications. Three patients (15%) exhibited contact dermatitis either at the sensitization or the treatment site. Our study shows that this therapy, although not always safe, is effective in treating warts in some patients, who either hesitate at conventional cryotherapy or have warts resistant to other therapies. The safety of this method remains to be evalua

ISSN:1018-8665    

DOI:10.1159/000247219

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger