摘要:

SummaryThe Scottish mountain soils above 600 m occur in an environment strongly influenced by low temperatures, with associated cryogenic processes having a marked effect on their development and morphology. In the most extreme situations thesecryogenicprocesses dominate the soils and it is suggested that the World Soil Classification (FAO‐UNESCO, 1974) should be amended to include the major unit ofCryosols. Such a unit would also incorporate those soils of high latitudes, which are similarly dominated by freeze‐thaw cycles.A second distinctive group of soils occurs in the Scottish mountains, which are developed on wind‐distributed material. Their existence and continued development are largely dependent on the action of wind and the name proposed for these soils isAeolisols. Such soils are to be found at lower altitudes also, wherever strong winds prevail and there is a supply of material suitable for movement by wind over fairly short dist

ISSN:0022-4588    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1980.tb02069.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTo determine the contribution of limestone weathering to soil formation the insoluble residues of six samples of the Pantokraton limestone were separated by treatment with 2M acetic acid at pH 3. The mean insoluble residue content is only 0.15% and to produce a soil depth of 40 cm it has been calculated that about 130 m of limestone would have to be weathered. No correspondence was found between the particle size distribution of the residues and of the overlying red soils, and the high siltrclay ratios of the soils do not indicate prolonged subtropical weathering. The particle size distribution of the soils is akin to that of aerosolic dusts. The dust loading of the atmosphere in the eastern Mediterranean is among the highest recorded, and it is proposed that the soils have developed on dust blown bysiroccowinds from the deserts of N. Africa.

ISSN:0022-4588    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1980.tb02070.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySoil profile and structural development were compared under two land‐use types on acid and calcareous soils. The grassland soils were found to have better developed and more stable structures in the A horizon, but unchanged bulk density and infiltration capacity. In the B horizons the direction of difference was reversed. Profile development was deeper under woodland on the softer parent materials. The differences were primarily related to root density, penetration and more intimate incorportion of organic matter under gras

ISSN:0022-4588    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1980.tb02071.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA sequence of paleosols date at 80, 7 000, 20 000 and 41 000 years developed on similar parent material in the North Island of New Zealand have been used to study the fate of amino acids with time.Some amino acids were released by hydrolysis with 6M HC1 for 24 h at 110 °C while others were only released after the mineral matrix had been destroyed by HF.The mineral bound amino acids were hydrolysed from each paleosol and their composition analysed. The simplicity of the composition of the older paleosols confirms that the amino acids are fossil. This technique could be used for determining whether paleosol samples submitted for carbon dating are contaminated by more recent material. The differential disappearance of amino acids from a paleosol could be used as a dating system and if this was done quantitatively it may be possible to date paleosols beyond the range of carbon dating

ISSN:0022-4588    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2389.1980.tb02072.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY