摘要:

Summary:Fasting plasma cholesterol, triglycerides and uric acid were measured in 109 Melanesian residents of Port Moresby and 71 residents of a Papuan coastal village. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were low, mean cholesterol 3.74 and 3.70 mM/I and triglycerides 0.64 and 0.59 mM/I respectively in urban and rural residents, with no relation to age or sex. Uric acid was higher in urban men (0.37 mM/I) than either urban women (0.26 mM/I) or rural men and women (0.25 and 0.24 mM/I). The levels of plasma cholesterol found in this study are similar to previous reports of rural populations in Papua New Guinea. The apparent failure of plasma lipids to increase significantly in urbanised residents of Port Moresby who had a significantly higher prevalence of both diabetes mellitus and obesity is unexplained.

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Angiotensin converting enzyme was measured in the serum of 52 patients with sarcoidosis, 67 healthy control subjects and 64 patients with pulmonary and non‐pulmonary diseases. The patients with sarcoidosis were classified on clinical grounds as having active or inactive disease.In 26 patients with active sarcoidosis not taking corticosteroids the mean serum ACE was significantly higher than in normal controls (P<0.001). 73% of these patients had elevated serum ACE. Only two out of 12 (17%) patients with inactive sarcoidosis not taking corticosteroids had elevated serum ACE. Serum ACE was normal in patients taking oral corticosteroids for longer than two weeks.Eighty per cent of patients with active sarcoidosis with radiological evidence of pulmonary parenchymal involvement had an elevated serum ACE compared to 25% in patients with normal chest X‐rays and 60% of those with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy.All sarcoid patients with hypercalcaemia had elevated serum ACE whereas only half of those with normal serum calcium had elevated ACE.In the patients with other thoracic and granulomatous conditions serum ACE was normal or rarely marginally elevated.Serum ACE appears to be of value in the diagnosis of active sarcoido

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04965.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Aspects of humoral and cellular immunity and of the complement system were examined in 44 patients with glomerulonephritis, and in control subjects. A number of patients with glomerulonephritis were shown to have evidence of altered immunity which may reflect underlying mechanisms of glomerular injury. Mesangial IgA glomerulonephritis was associated with elevation of serum IgA levels (P<0.001), and focal sclerosing glomerulonephritis with raised serum IgM (P<0.001). Serum IgG levels were abnormal in 15 patients with glomerulonephritis. The haemagglutinating antibody response to tetanus toxoid was reduced in patients compared with controls. Levels of serum complement components were increased, with some exceptions, and C‐reactive protein levels were also significantly raised (P<0.001), findings consistent with an ongoing inflammatory process. No impairment in response to recall antigens or sensitisation to dinitrochlorobenzene was found, but phytohaemagglutinin induced lymphocyte transformation was reduced in some forms of the diseas

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:One hundred and thirty‐four cases of adult acute leukaemia and 212 cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma treated by the Combined Haematology Division of Sydney Hospital over a four year period were reviewed to establish the incidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. The sole diagnostic criterion considered was positive cerebro‐spinal fluid (CSF) cytology. The detected incidences of 21% and 5.2% respectively in long term surviving adults with leukaemia and those with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma are similar to other series.Unusual findings were the relatively low incidence of involvement in acute myelo‐monocytic leukaemia and unexpectedly high incidence in diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma.Cytocentrifugation using the Cytospin has proved to be a useful technique in detecting small numbers of abnormal cells i

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:In 35 Chinese patients suffering from strokes resulting in hemiparesis or hemiplegia, deep venous thrombosis, as detected with125/‐fibrinogen scan, occurred in the paralysed leg in five and in the normal leg in one. The total incidence of 17% was lower than that reported in the West. No clinical evidence of pulmonary embolism was seen. This report represents an objective confirmation of the low incidence of venous thrombosis in the Chines

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04968.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:We studied the bioavailability and disposition kinetics of pethidine and pentazocine in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and age‐matched healthy subjects. In the presence of liver disease, the bioavailability of pethidine was 31% and pentazocine 233% greater than in normals. Systemic clearance was approximately half and terminal half‐life double normal for both drugs, whereas volumes of distribution were unchanged. Because of greater bioavailability, oral doses of pethidine and pentazocine should be reduced substantially in patients with cirrhosis. When multiple oral or parenteral doses are required, dosing interval should be lengthened or repeated doses reduced below initial doses because of lower systemic cleara

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:In 39 patients with single vessel coronary artery disease and no previous myocardial infarction, exercise thallium‐207 myocardial perfusion scanning and 12 lead exercise electrocardiography (ECG) were compared to see how reliably each method identified the site of coronary artery obstruction. Significant (≥ 70% diameter) stenosis was present in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery in 21 patients, in the right coronary artery (RCA) in 14 patients and in the left circumflex (LCX) in four patients. Thallium defects on the scan in the septa1 (SEPT), anteroseptal (ANT SEPT) and anterior (ANT) segments correlated (P<0.0005) with LAD disease and defects in the inferior (INF), posteroinferior (POST INF), and posterior (POST) segments correlated (P<0.0005) with RCA or LCX disease. Exercise induced ST segment elevation in VI and/or AVL correlated with LAD disease. The site of ischaemic ST depression did not correlate with disease in any vessel. ST segment depression in leads L2, 3, AVF (67%) and in leads V4–6 (67%) was most sensitive for detecting patients with LAD disease and ST depression in leads V4–6 was most sensitive (56%) for detecting patients with RCA or LCX disease but neither differentiated LAD from RCAILCX disease.During exercise induced ischaemia, the site of ST segment depression on the 12 lead exercise ECG will not identify the area of ischaemia in patients with single vessel disease but thallium defects will. In contrast to ST depression, ST elevation in V1 and/or AVL may identify LAD s

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The normal period of depression of sinoatrial node automaticity (sinus node recovery time, SNRT) following one minute of overdrive right atrial pacing was evaluated in 34 subjects, aged 27–83 years. Specific attention was paid to the influence of the patient's heart rate, atrial pacing rate (100 and 130 bpm) and site, and of vagal and sympathetic effects, as assessed by observations following the administration of atropine, 0 03 mg/kg, and propranolol, 0.15 mg/kg.Normal SNRT was 1046±17 ms at 100 bpm and 980±19 ms at 130 bpm. Linear regression analysis showed that at pacing rates of both 100 and 130 bpm, both before and after autonomic block, a highly significant relation existed between SNRT and the stable P‐P interval observed after cessation of pacing. These regression equations were used to develop a correction factor for cycle length in assessing SNRT (corrected SNRT = SNRT—0·86 X cycle length, where 0.86 was the slope of the regression equation). The mean corrected SNRT was 314±10 ms and 290±8 ms at 100 and 130 bpm, respectively. Vagal influences increased SNRT and were of greater magnitude than the decrease in SNRT due to sympathetic effects. Corrected SNRT was significantly longer following left atrial than following right atrial pacing, but in those eight patients studied, was not significantly different following right atrial or right ventricular s

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04971.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:In 20 normal volunteers, two minute equilibrium gated blood pool scanning (GBPS) was used to assess left ventricular function during rest and three stages of graded supine exercise on a bicycle ergometer. The three work loads were individualised for each subject from a previously performed exercise test and corresponded to mild, moderate and severe stress. The short imaging time was validated against standard GBPS.With exercise all subjects increased their left ventricular ejection fraction and in the majority, most of this rise occurred with the lowest work load. This change was predominantly due to a marked fall in end‐systolic volume. The end‐diastolic volume initially fell, then at peak exercise returned to baseline values. The major change in stroke volume occurred at peak exerc

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04972.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:We compared the echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function in 20 aerobically trained male athletes (VO2max 61 ml/kg/min) with 20 control subjects of similar age and size (VO2max 37 ml/kg/min). On average, the left ventricle was larger in athletes and the extent of myocardial contraction (fractional shortening) was reduced. In nine athletes, fractional shortening was less than our laboratory lower limit of normal (26%) and in four athletes the left ventricle was enlarged and fractional shortening was reduced. However, the peak rate of circumferential shortening was not reduced in athletes. We concluded that athletes have normal myocardial contractility but some have a reduced extent of myocardial contraction which could be mistaken for the effects of myocardial disease.

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04973.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY