摘要:

Summary:The aim of our study was to evaluate the role of fibre‐optic bronchoscopy both in diagnosing patients with small cell lung cancer, and in assessing remission status following combination chemotherapy. Diagnostic bronchoscopic examination was performed in 40 patients and revealed that in all cases the lesion was located in the central bronchi. Following combination chemotherapy remission status in 18 patients was assessed by comparing the findings at repeat bronchoscopy with those of chest radiology. In ten patients there was no relationship between the findings at bronchoscopic examination and the chest radiograph (normal or abnormal). Adequate assessment of response of small cell lung cancer to therapy requires bronchoscopy in addition to chest radiolog

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Pulmonary tuberculosis in adults is typically localised in the apices of the lungs. Lower lung field tuberculosis, although uncommon, is a well recognised entity which still occurs in countries with low or high prevalence of tuberculosis. Six patients with lower lung field tuberculosis, seen at the University of Papua New Guinea hospital over a period of one year, are described in this report. All six were Melanesian with a mean age of 32 years. Five were female. Fever, productive cough, pleuritic chest pain and localised crepitant rales over the affected area of the lungs were the most common clinical findings. Duration of symptoms prior to hospitalisation ranged from two to 12 months (mean: eight months). Four patients had haemoptysis. Right lung was affected more often than the left. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was delayed in four patients owing to the atypical localisation of the pulmonary infiltrates and to the absence of acid fast bacilli in the first three sputum smears. Lower lung field tuberculosis occurs more commonly in young females, affects the right lung more often and is associated with haemoptysis, early cavitation and hilar lymphadenopathy. Atypical location of the infiltrate may result in mis‐diagnosis as lobar pneumonia, lung abscess or carcinoma of the lun

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A tube leucocyte adherence test was used to detect reactivity of melanoma patients to extracts of melanoma tissue. Breast cancer extracts were used as a control. Of 31 melanoma patients 22 gave a positive reaction (non‐adherence index>25%) to melanoma extracts whereas only three of 24 normal subjects did so. Fifteen of 16 patients with Stage 1 melanoma reacted but only seven of 15 patients with Stage 2 or Stage 3 disease did so. None of seven patients with breast cancer reacted to melanoma extract, but four of them reacted to breast cancer extract. None of four patients with benign breast disease reacted to either extract. It is concluded that leucocyte adherence inhibition is potentially useful in investigations of tumour‐specific immune reactivity to melanoma and of melanoma antig

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Selective serum IgA deficiency (defined as a serum IgA level less than 50 mgll) was detected in 14 of 6, 191 Australian blood donors screened by double diffusion analysis of serum specimens in agarose. This prevalence rate of 0·23% (1 in 442) is the same as that found in blood donors in Sweden but is higher than rates found in blood donors in France (0·05%), Norway (0·08%), USA (0·15%), England (0·19%) and Finland (0·20%).Antibodies to human IgA were detected in the serum of three of 11 blood donors with selective IgA deficiency (27%). There was no evidence in the present study of blood transfusion reactions from these anti‐IgA antibodies when they were transfused into rec

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:This study was performed to define the signs of cardiac tamponade on radionuclide angiography.The first pass studies were performed on a large field gamma camera, using a bolus of technetium pertechnetate.Three hundred and seventy‐two studies were analysed. Cardiac tamponade requiring surgical intervention was present at the time in 28 studiesThe diagnostic signs of cardiac tamponade on radionuclide angiography were:(1) Right ventricular compression—sensitivity 82%, specificity 97%, predictive value of a positive result 72%, predictive value of a negative result 99%, and(2) Right atrial compression—sensitivity 21%, specificity 99%, predictive value of a positive result 75%, predictive value of a negative result 94%.Cardiac tamponade can be accurately diagnosed on radionuclide angiography and thus indicate those pericardial effusions which require urgent dra

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The acute haemodynamic effects of prazosin 5 mg were investigated in 11 patients with severe chronic congestive cardiac failure. Six patients had their antifailure therapy discontinued while five continued on their usual medication. Two patients were exercised before and after prazosin. Following the drug, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure diminished 7 ± 2(SE) mmHg (P<0·005) and cardiac index increased 17 ± 6% (P · 0·02). Mean arterial pressure fell in all subjects (‐9 ± 2 mmHg; P<0·001) and systemic vascular resistance was reduced in all but one (‐19 ± 5%; P<0·005). There was no significant change in heart rate. Four of the five subjects whose regular medications were continued were evaluated by clinical examination, chest X‐ray, echocardiogram and treadmill stress test, before and after four weeks of prazosin therapy, one subject having died in this time. Two improved, one deteriorated and one remained unchanged. Thus, chronic prazosin therapy benefited individual patients but did not consistently provide long te

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Although quinidine and digoxin are frequently given together, it has only recently become apparent that serum digoxin concentration may rise during quinidine treatment. A prospective study was performed to compare the effects of quinidine and disopyramide in patients receiving maintenance digoxin therapy. During quinidine administration serum digoxin concentration rose by more than 50% in seven of nine patients (the mean concentration rising from 1·43 ± 0·20 to 2·61 ± 0·43 nmol/I, P<0·005). During the disopyramide treatment a small rise in serum digoxin was noted (mean 1·3 ± 0·16 to 1·5 ± 0·19 nmol/I, P<0·05). We suggest that digoxin doses should be reduced immediately prior to commencing quinidine therapy in patients already receiving adequate maintenance digoxin, and patients should be followed carefully for evidence of digoxin toxicity. Disopyramide appears a suitable alternative anti‐arrhythmic drug to quinidine in patients on main

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A prospective double‐blind trial was undertaken to determine whether treatment with cimetidine influenced the healing of gastric ulcers in New Zealand patients. Ulcer size and healing was assessed by endoscopic examination.Of the 30 patients who completed the trial, 15 were given cimetidine and 15 placebo. At six weeks, 60% of the patients on cimetidine had healed their ulcers, whereas only 20% of those on the placebo had healed ulcers (P<0·05). Fewer patients taking cimetidine required antacids for symptom control than those on placebo treatment (P<0·05).The study confirmed that cimetidine treatment accelerates the healing of gastric ulc

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Following aortic valve replacement with a porcine xenograph, a patient developed endocarditis complicated by a fistula between aorta and right ventricle. The xenograph was replaced by a mechanical valve and the fistula oversewn. No organisms were cultured but acid‐fast bacilli were seen in the aortic wall and excised valve tissue. It is likely that these were contaminants of the porcine prosthesi

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A bacterial strain isolated from dog‐bite wound was identified as belonging to a group which is so far unnamed but which has been tentatively designated Group EF‐4 by workers at the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA. Although this appears to be the first reported isolation in Australia of a strain belonging to this group, it is possible that strains of Group EF‐4 are not infrequently recovered from dog‐bite wounds but, when they are, they may either not be identified or be dismissed as skin contaminants. Characteristics are presented for differentiating Group EF‐4 from Pasteurella multocida, the bacterium typically associated with animal bite wounds

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1980.tb04097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY