ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A controlled trial of cervical manipulation for migraine. G. B. Parker, H. Tupling and D. S. Pryor,Aust. N.Z. J. Med.,1978,8, pp. 589–593.The efficacy of cervical manipulation for migraine was evaluated. In a six‐month trial, 85 volunteers suffering from migraine were randomly allocated to three treatment groups. One group received cervical manipulation performed by a medical practitioner or by a physiotherapist, another received cervical manipulation performed by a chiropractor, while the control group received mobilization performed by a medical practitioner or by a physiotherapist. For the whole sample, migraine symptoms were significantly reduced. No difference in outcome was found between those who received cervical manipulation, performed by chiropractor or orthodox therapist, and those who received the control treatment. Chiropractic treatment was no more effective than the other two treatments in reducing frequency, duration or induced disability of migraine attacks, but chiropractic patients did report a greater reduction in pain associated with their atta

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Intermittent atrioventricular block: Procainamide administration as a provocative test. A. M. Tonkin, W. F. Heddle and P. Tornos, Aust. N.Z. J. Med, 1978, 8, pp. 594–602.Twelve patients with clinical features suggesting possible intermittent high degree atrioventricular block were studied. All 12 patients had basic 1: 1 atrioventricular conduction but nine had an electrocardiographic pattern of bifascicular distal conduction disease (right bundle branch block with left anterior or posterior hemib/ock, or left bundle branch block). Intracardiac conduction was assessed by recording of the His bundle electrocardiogram and atrial pacing techniques, before and 20 minutes after intravenous administration of procainamide, in a dose of up to 10 mg/kg. Before procainamide administration, seven of the 12 patients had a prolonged H‐V interval (>55 ms). Procainamide administration lengthened the H‐V interval in all 12 patients by 5–40 ms. In five patients, procainamide induced second or third degree AV block below the level of the bundle of His. It was concluded that the administration of procainamide may be a useful provocative test of distal conduction in patients with possible intermittent A

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Labetalol: Bioavailability, drug plasma levels, plasma renin and catecholamines in acute and chronic treatment of resistant hypertension. W. J. Louis, N. Christophidis, M. Brignell, V. Vijayasekaran, J. McNeil and F. J. E. Vajda,Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1978,8, pp. 602–609.The antihypertensive effects of labetalol have been studied in 30 patients with severe hypertension.In seven of these patients acute administration was associated with falls in blood pressure which were maximal at two minutes, for intravenous injection and one hour for oral administration. The bioavailability of acute oral administration was studied and varied between 11 and 76%. There were no statistically significant changes in plasma renin and plasma catecholamines following acute administration.In 30 patients labetalol was administered, usually together with a thiazide diuretic, on a chronic basis over a period of ten months. There was a significant relationship (r = 0–517, P< 0001) between drug dosage and plasma levels and in four cases poor response could be attributed to low peak plasma levels of the drug. Improved blood pressure control was associated with a substantial reduction in the number and type of tablets patients were taking and an overall reduction in side effects. The commonest side effect was mild postural hypotension. In addition, one patient in the trial and another more recently have shown hyper‐reactivity to the drug and developed profound postural hypotension with the initial dose.We conclude that labetalol when combined with a thiazide diuretic is an important therapeutic advance in the treatment of the difficult hypertensive su

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Increased active rosette formation in patients with gastrointestinal cancer after enzyme treatment of lymphocytes in vitro. B. A. J. Walters, J. C. Rutherford and J. R. Wall, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1978, 8, pp. 610–614.Total rosette forming cells (RFC) and active rosette forming cells (ARFC) were estimated in 33 patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of cancer. When the 33 patients were grouped according to whether they had cancer or not, there was a distinct difference in the percentage of ARFC (P<0001 Mann‐Whitney Test); patients with cancer having much lower values (mean 11 6 ±4–5) than patients without cancer (mean 27 2 ± 3–6). Total RFC were generally lower in the cancer group (mean 54‐8 ± 8‐3) than the non‐cancer group (mean 71‐9 ± 4–5) a/though the range was greater. After treatment of the lymphocytes with papain, the percentage of ARFC increased. In the non‐cancer group the levels reached a mean of 74‐8 ± 1–8, indicating that the T lymphocyte population (mean 71‐9 ± 4–5) was converted into cells all having high affinity receptors for sheep red blood cells (SRBC). In the cancer group, after papain treatment of the lymphocytes, the percentage of ARFC increased to levels greater than that obtained for total RFC, suggesting a contribution from the null cell population. Serum taken from these patients was shown to produce a decrease in the percentage ARFC obtained from normal, young individuals. Further, this decrease could be partially reversed by papain digestion indicating that serum from cancer patients

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04848.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Ultrasound tomography of the liver: Non‐invasive method of choice for the differential diagnosis of jaundice. J. M. G. Chu, D. 0. Cosgrove and V. R. McCready,Aust. N.Z. J. Med.,1978,8, pp. 615–619.Grey‐scale ultrasound tomography was used to examine the liver and biliary tree of 100 consecutive unselected jaundiced patients in a prospective study. It was successful in differentiating between hepato‐cellular and obstructive jaundice in 94%. It precisely localised the site of obstruction in 75% of those patients with enlargement of the head of the pancreas from either carcinoma or gall‐stones impacted in the Ampulla of Mater. This figure was reduced to 60% when all cases of obstruction were considered.Cirrhosis and chronic active hepatitis were found to be associated with an abnormal pattern of echoes within the liver. These echoes were stronger and more numerous than normal. This association was not apparent with drug‐induced cholestasis or acute viral hepatitis.Grey‐scale ultrasound tomography is quick safe and completely non‐invasive. It should be the initial investigation of choice in the differential diagnosis of jaundice. When precise localisation of an obstruction is not possible after a repeat attempt then percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography shoul

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Alternative pathway of complement activation by Candida albicans. Y. H. Thong and A. Ferrante, Aust. N.Z. J. Med. 1978,8, pp. 620–622.Activation of the alternative pathway of complement by Candida albicans was examined using a chemotactic assay. Two serologically defined strains and eight clinical isolates of Candida albicans were used in these experiments. The results showed that all ten strains of Candida albicans were capable of alternative complement pathway activation. These findings may provide an insight into host resistance to this infectio

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04850.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Some observations on the immunological status in scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis). A. J. Barnett, M. N. Cauchi, C. S. Hosking and A. H. Sharp,Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1978,8, pp. 622–627.A variety of tests were performed to determine the immune status of a group of patients with scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis). Sera of 11 of 35 patients showed autoantibodies by an immuno‐fluorescent technique. There was no significant difference between the C3and C4components of complement in 12 patients tested and laboratory controls. IgM levels were raised in 24 of 34 sera. Four of ten patients showed some deficiency of phagocytic function in the leucocyte iodination test. B cell and T cell numbers were normal in the eight patients tested. Reactivity to mitogens was usually normal in ten patients tested with a deficient response to one of the three mitogens in two patients. In skin reactivity tests in 23 patients, only one was anergic to all of the four antigens tested. It is concluded that although some immune abnormalities are common in scleroderma there is no consistent abnormality in any of the tests used. This does not exclude the possibility that immune factors may be involved in systemic manifestations of the disease, or that there may be some subtle specific abnormality not revealed by the tests perfor

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04851.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Low dose lithium‐carbimazole in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis. J. M. Hedley, J. G. Turner, B. E. W. Brownlie and W. A. Sadler,Aust. N.Z. J. Med.,1978,8, pp. 628–630.Fifteen patients with thyrotoxicosis were treated with low dose sustained release lithium carbonate 400 mg, combined with carbimazoie 40 mg daily, and the therapeutic response was followed over a two week period. This response was compared with that obtained in a similar group of patient treated with carbimazoie alone. Li‐carbimazole treatment brought about a fall in the mean total serum T4 of 57 4% compared with a drop of 328% in patients treated with carbimazoie alone. The mean serum T3 fell by 69‐4% in the Li‐carbimazoie group compared with 47‐3% in the group treated with carbimazoie only. No lithium adverse effects were

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04852.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Progesterone and oestrogen receptors in human breast cancer. I. M. Holdaway and K. G. Mountjoy,Aust. N.Z. J. Med,1978,8, pp. 630–638.Receptors for progesterone were found in 27% of 98 human breast tumours, and for oestrogen in 57% of 191 tumours. With one exception, progesterone receptors were found only in tumours which also contained oestrogen receptors. Levels of oestrogen receptor in positive tumours rose significantly with patient age whereas progesterone receptors were unchanged. Progesterone receptor levels were lower in lymph node metastases than in primary tumours, and oestrogen receptor levels were lower in large tumours (>5 cm diameter) compared to small lesions. Receptor levels were not significantly correlated with circulating concentrations of either oestrogen or prolactin. The implications of receptor measurements in assessing hormone responsiveness of breast tumours are discusse

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1978.tb04853.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY