摘要:

Summary:Urinary catecholamine excretion has been measured in patients with sustained essential hypertension, borderline hypertension, secondary hypertension, and in subjects with normal blood pressure. The urinary noradrenaline level was elevated in approximately 25% of patients with sustained essential hypertension, but was normal in all patients with borderline hypertension and secondary hypertension. The relationship of elevated noradrenaline levels to certain physiological and clinical characteristics of essential hypertensives that might be related to in‐creased catecholamine production has been investigated. Of the characteristics studied, plasma volume, the responsiveness of the sympathetic nervous system, renin‐angiotensin status, indices of emotional stress, and “hyperkinetic circulatory state”, all proved to be unrelated to basal noradrenaline excretion. Urinary noradrenaline was related only to the level of the blood pressure, being highest in patients with more severe hypertensive

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03963.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The results of a detailed enquiry into the laxative habits of 29 patients with active chronic hepatitis and a control group are reported. In five of the twelve female patients over the age of 30 years with active chronic hepatitis, a history of regular oxyphenisatin ingestion was elicited, this result being highly significant when compared with triple matched controls. In addition, in two of the patients who were “challenged” with the drug, an abrupt elevation in the serum bilirubin, and serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase occurred. The results strongly support an aetiological role of oxyphenisatin ingestion in some patients with active chronic hepatitis, thus validating the action of the Australian Drug Evaluation Committee who recently withdrew the drug from the Australian market. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the predilection for the group of middle aged female patie

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03964.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03965.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Fifty consecutive patients who were referred to a special clinic for weight reduction were 49% in excess of their ideal body weight and had been obese for an average of 19 years. Sixtyfour percent exhibited a personality disorder on psychological testing and almost all patients had had at least one previous unsuccessful attempt at weight reduction. They had a good understanding of dietetics, but made the dietitian's task difficult by grossly understating their caloric intake. With detailed dietary instruction and regular super‐vision there was no improvement in the patients' concepts of nutrition, four patients reduced to an ideal body weight, 24 defaulted after losing an average of 2.9 kg and 22 were given fenfluramine (120 mg/day) when their weights became static after an average loss of 3.4 kg. Addition of fenfluramine to the therapeutic regime for three months caused a significant and progressive loss of weight, but failed to causeanychanges in mood as measured by psychological testing. After a further three months on fenfluramine most patients ceased losing weight despite large increases in the dose. Thus, many patients neither required nor benefitted from the services of a dietitian, they could not be motivated to adhere to a low calorie diet, and those who received fenfluramine eventually became resistant to its anorectic effect

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03966.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:An epidemiological survey of pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy of childhood was carried out in Victoria in 1970. Ninety‐three affected children were ascertained of whom 88 were thought to represent the Duchenne type. The incidence figure obtained for the years 1957‐63 was one case per 4,600 live male births. The distribution of the disease in different racial groups was examined and an apparent higher incidence was noted in children of Maltese and Italian origin.Carrier detection studies, using estimations of serum creatine phosphokinase, were performed on female relatives of patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Seventy‐two percent of proven carriers had elevated levels and it was calculated, for this population, that the risk of the mother of an isolated case (and having a normal CPK level) being a carrier of the gene was 1:10.Detailed social interviews were conducted with the families of the children and data obtained suggested that the major impact of the child with muscular dystrophy on the family is emotional rather than practical and financial. Many problems noted to exist appeared to be of long standing and were merely aggravated by the presence of a handicapped

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03967.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Basal serum gastrin was measured in 120 patients grouped according to the presence or absence of three parameters, the parietal cell antibody (PCA), basal acid secretion, and atrophic gastritis (AG) as determined by gastric biopsy. The relation of serum gastrin to age was examined in each group.Twenty‐nine patients, seronegative for PCA with intact gastric mucosa and normal acid secretion had a normal serum gastrin ranging from 0 ‐ 100 pg/mI. Serum gastrin was elevated in 59 of 64 patients (92%) seropositive for PCA, with AG and achlorhydria, and in three of 27 patients (11%) seronegative for PCA, with AG and achlorhydria.An age related change in serum gastrin occurred in the group with AG seropositive for PCA, but not in the group with an intact gastric mucosa nor in the group with AG seronegative, or PCA. The previously reported rise in serum gastrin with age in random hospital populations is therefore due to inclusion of a subpopulation with AG predominately seropositive, for PCA rather than to a general age related change in the gastric mucosa.In patients with AG seropositive for PCA, progressive increase in gastrinsecreting cells in the antrum (characteristically spared from gastritis in this form of AG) may account for the age‐related rise in serum ga

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03968.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The hypothesis that growth hormone (GH) may be of aetiological importance in hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPO) and clubbing of the fingers in carcinoma of the lung has been examined.Plasma GH was measured after the oral administration of glucose in 49 patients with carcinoma of the lung with and without HPO and clubbing and the levels were compared with those in age matched control subjects.GH levels were higher in male patients with cancer at 90 and 120 minutes after glucose.In 53% of patients with cancer, GH failed to suppress below 5 ng/ml 90 minutes after glucose, compared with 24% of controls (p<0.005). There was no correlation between abnormalities of GH metabolism and the presence of HPO or clubbing, and it is suggested that while some tumours produce GH or a G H‐like substance, it is not responsible for these pathological change

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03969.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The relationship between plasma LATS and the ophthalmopathy of Graves' disease was studied in 122 patients including twelve with euthyroid Graves' disease. The prevalence of plasma LATS, other antibodies and increased immunoglobulin levels was correlated with the severity of the eye changes.A higher prevalence of LATS was found in patients with severe ophthalmopathy than in those with mild disease. However, there was no such relationship between the severity of the ophthalmopathy and the prevalence of other antibodies or increased immunoglobulin levels. There was an association between change in LATS levels and change in the clinical state in twelve of 17 patients studied. Worsening of ophthalmopathy was associated with rise in LATS levels in three patients while improvement was associated with fall in LATS levels in nine patients.It is concluded that immunological factors are likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of severe ophthalmopathy – LATS may be a “marker” of a more complex immunological process. For these reasons immunosuppressive therapy would appear to be worthy of continued investig

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03970.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:β‐2‐thienylalanine, which is known to inhibit phenylalanine absorption in the intestine and to promote its excretion by the kidney, was fed to two infant Rhesus monkeys as a supplement to milk, for 240 days in a dosage of 0.75 g per kg. Two other infant monkeys received the same dose of β‐2‐thienylalanine plus phenylalanine 3 g per kg. These monkeys were compared with four infant animals that received phenylalanine 3 g per kg as a supplement, and a group that was fed milk alone. No adverse effect on growth or development by the β‐2‐thienylalanine feeding was noted. One of the monkeys which received β‐2‐thienylalanine with phenylalanine was not protected against the high blood phenylalanine and suffered neurological damage. The other monkey fed this combination did not appear to suffer any brain damage. However, brain damage was found in all four monkeys fed phenylalanine alone.It is concluded that β‐2‐thienylalanine is worthy of further study in the trea

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03971.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Angiographic contrast media induce changes in cardiac and circulatory function. Their effect on the extent of aortic regurgitation in closed‐chest sedated dogs was studied. Ascending aortic flow was measured by an electromagnetic transducer, implanted five to ten days earlier when aortic regurgitation had been produced. Sodium iothalamate 80% or 76% sodium methylglucamine diatrizoate (0.5 ml/kg body weight) were injected into the left ventricle. Seconds later there was a decrease in peak rate of left ventricular pressure rise and inconsistent elevation of trans‐mural left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure but no change in aortic regurgitation. Twelve to sixteen seconds after injection significant hypotension, due to decreased systemic vascular resistance, appeared and was usually accompanied by tachycardia. Diastolic regurgitant volume fell 48‡ 13 (SD)% (p<0.001) but total stroke volume fell only 10%, regurgitant fraction decreasing 43‡ 11% (p<0.001). Duration of regurgitation per minute fell, but not consistently (8‡ 11%;p<0.1), and most of the decrease in regurgitation was due to a fall in regurgitant flow rate early in diastole (36‡ 16%p<0.001) associated with decrease in aortoventricular pressure difference. Effective cardiac output increased 84‡ 50%. Hypotension and tachycardia disappeared by one minute; then persistent increase in forward flow parameters became associated with variable increase in regurgitation. Left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure became elevated.The early changes are consistent with mild depression of left ventricular contractility, but there was no change in aortic regurgitation. Thereafter, hypotension, with or without prominent tachycardia, led to decrease in aortic regurgitation. Subsequently, regurgitation tended to increase above the control value, other concomitant changes being consistent with expansion of intravascular volume. Changes induced in aortic regurgitation by angiographic contrast media are importantly time dependent and secondary to other hae

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1973.tb03972.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1973

数据来源: WILEY