ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDermatophagoides mite concentrations in household dust have been measured in three Australian towns with contrasting geographical features, climate, and degree of urbanisation. Mite allergen skin tests on school children living in these areas showed that the prevalence of positive reactions varied with mite concentrations.In Belmont,D. farinaeas well asD. pteronyssinuswere present in some of the dust samples.Skin test weals were larger in Busselton than in either Wagga Wagga or Belmont.The importance and practical implications of these findings are discussed. (Aust NZ J Med 1986; 16: 639–643

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWheezing is a significant problem in some patients with cystic fibrosis. Currently available tests are not reliable at determining whether this wheezing is due to co‐existent asthma or to the underlying pulmonary disease. The reproducibility of hyperventilation of cold dry air (HVCDA) was studied over eight days in 11 children with cystic fibrosis. A group with mild lung disease were selected to minimize the variability due to underlying pulmonary disease. Fifty‐six per cent of subjects had consistent responses to HVCDA. A test of reroducibilit was performed on the respiratory heat exchange, the percentage fall in FEV1after HVCDA and the ratio of these two (R). Respiratory heat exchange was found to be highly reproducible with a reproducibility co‐efficient of 0.97. The percentage fall in FEV1after HVCDA andRwere not reproducible over the eight‐day period. Hyperventilation of cold dry air did not give reproducible results in children with cystic fibrosis, suggesting that a single test may not be suitable for judging bronchial lability. (Aust NZ J Med 1986; 16: 6

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was designed to determine whether inspiratory resistive training could improve the exercise performance of patients with severe chronic airflow limitation who had already received optimum conventional therapy with bronchodilators and physiotherapy. Eighteen patients were studied. Ten patients were trained with an inspiratory resistance device for six weeks and eight patients used a placebo device. Psychological factors, likely to influence exercise capacity, were taken into account. Although there was no significant increase in maximum inspiratory pressure in the ten trained subjects, inspiratory muscle endurance was improved. Exercise performance, as assessed by progressive cycle exercise, stair climbing, 12 minute walking distance and treadmill walking did not change significantly in either group.It was concluded that inspiratory muscle training, using a currently available technique, produced no additional improvement in exercise capacity beyond that achieved by conventional bronchodilator and rehabilitation therapy. (Aust NZ J Med 1986; 16: 648–652

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe respiratory symptoms and respirator function of 680 schoolchildren from two rural areas of South Australia were studied. the initial results of this prospective, longitudinal study showed that the cumulative prevalence of asthma and/or wheezy breathing was 27.4% in the Burra population and 23.1% in the Kingston population. The cumulative prevalence of one or more attacks of asthma/wheezy breathing amongst Burra (38.8%) and Kingston (23%) children aged up to 8 years was significantly higher than that reported for urban Melbourne children (11%,p<0.01). The combined South Australian group reported a cumulative prevalence of asthmdwheezy breathing alone of 10% which was significantly higher than the cumulative prevalence rates in three previous studies reported in Australia (1.8%, 2.6%, 2.7%,p<0.01).The highest overall cumulative prevalence of bronchitislloose or productive cough occurred in the 12 year old Burra children (41.5%). Burra girls had the highest prevalence of bronchitis/loose or productive cough (36.8%) compared to other groups studied at both locations.The parental smoking rate (60.4% in Burra, 57.4% in Kingston) is much higher than the national figure reported by the Bureau of Statistics in 1977 (35.9%).The prevalence of asthmdwheezy breathing is much higher in the South Australian cohort compared to the Queensland and Tasmanian cohorts studied using the same questionnaire.Predicted respiratory function parameters using initial algorithms are similar to those reported for urban Australian children. (Aust NZ J Med 1986; 16: 653–657

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐five patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction were studied in a randomised controlled trial to determine whether the catecholamine response to myocardial infarction was altered by administration of the beta blocker, sotalol, given within six hours of the onset of chest pain. Myocardial infarction evolved in 30 patients (15 placebo‐treated, 15 sotalol‐treated) and was associated with markedly increased plasma and urine noradrenaline and adrenaline levels. Intravenously administered sotalol was well tolerated and produced significant acute falls in blood pressure and heart rate. The reduction in heart rate was maintained in the sotalol group with once‐daily therapy. Plasma levels of both catecholamines showed slow but very similar falls in the two groups, the decline being evident earlier for adrenaline than for noradrenaline. This was also reflected in the pattern of catecholamine excretion: significant falls in adrenaline but not noradrenaline excretion were seen on day 2 in both groups. Although mean plasma and urinary catecholamine levels tended to be higher in the sotalol group throughout the study, the differences between the sotalol and placebo groups for the changes in plasma or urinary catecholamines with time were not statistically significant. Episodes of ventricular tachycardia occurred in 68% of the patients on day 1 and 27% of patients on day 2. More patients in the sotalol group experienced episodes of ventricular tachycardia (sotalol 89% placebo 54%) but this difference was not statistically significant. Infarct size as assessed by cumulated release of creatine kinase was similar in sotalol (184±21 IU/I) and placebo (199±24 IU/I) groups and correlated with day 1 adrenaline excretion (r = 0.40,n = 30, p0.05). Early administration of sotalol did not appear to confer any significant benefits in the acute phase of myocardial i

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is associated with a high incidence of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. The presence of ventricular tachycardia (VT) in patients with HCM has been associated with a high risk of sudden death. Forty‐seven patients with HCM (31 male, 16 female, mean age 47 years) underwent continuous 24‐hour ambulatory electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring. High grade ventricular arrhythmias (modified Lown class 3, 4a, 4b) were found in 20 patients (43%) with VT in 11 (24%). In each case the arrhythmia was asymptomatic. Supraventricular arrhythmias were detected in 16 patients (34%). Signal‐averaged electrocardiography in 27 patients showed late potentials in three of 11 patients with repetitive ventricular arrhythmias and was negative in 15 of 16 patients without these arrhythmias. In conclusion, asymptomatic high grade ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias are common in HCM and are readily detected with continuous electrocardiographic monitoring. Sinal‐averaged ECG has low sensitivit for the detection of subclinical VT in patients with HCM. (Aust NZ J Med 1986; 16: 6

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00009.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOf 97 Chinese patients with multiple myeloma seen over a 12‐year period, 23.7% were found to have cauda equina or spinal cord compression (SCC). Predictive features for SCC include paraprotein type, hemoglobin level, and the extent of bone lesion at initial hematological diagnosis. A discriminant function derived from this analysis can be used to predict the likelihood of SCC with 79% accuracy. It is postulated that when the cortex is more involved than the medulla in a vertebra, it will predispose to SCC while hemopoiesis is relatively preserved.Our patients presented late with advanced neurological deficit so that treatment was unsatisfactory. It is emphasised that early recognition of back pain and neurological symptoms is essential, as any delay would jeopardise the chance of neurological recovery. (Aust NZ J Med 1986; 16: 671–6

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1986.tb00010.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY