摘要:

Summary:On the continuing education of the physician. M. D. Bogdonoff, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 509–51

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03983.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03984.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The epidemiology of hepatitis B in a residential institution for the mentally retarded. C. R. Boughton, R. A. Hawkes, D. R. Schroeter and Judy A. Harlor, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 521–529.A longituclinal study carried out over 43 months in a residential home for the mentally retarded confirmed the marked propensity of individuals with Down's syndrome (DS) to develop chronic HB antigenaemia. This could not be accounted for by environmental factors, and a genetic basis is postulated. In addition, DS subjects appeared innately more susceptible to hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, requiring one‐third the patient‐months of exposure of non‐Down's subjects (ND) before showing evidence of infection. The reciprocal geometric mean titre of anti‐HBSin DS subjects was 110 compared with 705 in ND subjects, suggesting a deficiency of humoral immunity in the DS subjects.Transmission of HBV was occurring by means other than therapeutic, prophylactic, dental or diagnostic procedures, in the institution, and possible modes of transmission are discussed. These were probably both parenteral and non‐parenteral.Eighty‐one per cent of HBV infections in the Home wer

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03985.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The probable significance of hypertriglyceridaemia in viral hepatitis. J. E. J. Aiyathurai and S. Sentheshanmuganathan, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 529–532.It is proposed that the raised serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity (SGPT) in viral hepatitis reflects an adaptive increase in glutamic pyruvic transaminase in muscle for the increased transamination of alanine for post‐absorptive glucose homeostasis.However, in a disease where the SGPT is elevated for four to six weeks, muscle cannot be an indefinite source of alanine unless it could, concurrently, resynthesize alan

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03986.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Xylose‐1‐1*C absorption test: The use of urine, serum and breath analysis, and comparison with a colorimetric assay. R. K. Roberts, C. B. Campbell, S. J. Bryant and L. Adames, Aust. N.2. J. Med, 1976, 6, pp. 532–536.The xylose absorption and excretion test has been reassessed in controls and patientswith coeliac disease. Xylose has been assayed in both serum and urine colorimetrically and by liquid scintillation counting using xylose‐1‐14CThe excretion of14CO2in breath following administration of xylose‐1‐14C has been measured.Liquid scintillation counting is a simple and reliable method for the measurement of xylose absorption. Serum xylose levels, urinary xylose excretion, or breath14COzin isolation were poor screening tests for mucosal disease. The use of serum levels and urinary excretion in combination improved the discriminatory value of the test though small gut biopsy was

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03987.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Abnormal “activated” rosette formation in patients with gastrointestinal cancer. B. A. J. Walters, J. C. Rutherford and J. R. Wall, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 536–539.The mean percentage of peripheral blood lymphocytes forming fast spontaneous rosettes with sheep red blood cells was estimated in 40 patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms suggestive of cancer. Patients who were eventually diagnosed as having cancer had significantly lower numbers (P<001 Mann Whitney Test) of rosette forming cells than patients who had gastrointestinal tumours successfully removed, or patients with other gastrointestinal diseases.The use of this test as an aid to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and its possible application to the detection of recurrences of cancer after surgery are disc

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03988.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Follow‐up studies on liver disease associated with HBsAg carriers. T. D. Bolin, A. E. Davis and A. G. Liddelow, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 539–542.Eight male subjects who were initially studied in 1972 with liver biopsy because of HBsAg carrier status were re‐studied two years later with liver biopsy, clinical examination and standard liver function tests. Three of the eight subjects remained antigen positive and had continuing liver disease, this being either chronic active hepatitis or chronic persistent hepatitis. Two subjects became HBsAg negative and their liver biopsies returned to normal. One subject became HBsAg negative but his biopsy disclosed chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis in the presence of normal liver function tests. While persistence of the antigenaemia is associated with persisting liver disease, the converse is not true in that the disappearance of the antigen does not necessarily imply an improvement in liver disease. Liver biopsy remains the only reliable means of assessing liver disease as biochemical tests of liver function and the clinical finclings may be of little

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03989.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Detection of vesicoureteric reflux using radionuclide micturating cystography. R. R. Bailey, Patricia Stapleton, J. G. Turner and B. E. W. Brownlie, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 542–544.Radionuclide micturating cystography (RMC) has been compared with the standard micturating cystourethrogram for detecting vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). Of 16 renal tracts with VUR radiologically classified as gross all had reflux demonstrated on RMC and in 15 of these the reflux reached the renal pelvis. Eight of the 12 renal tracts with moderate VUR and three of four with slight VUR were shown to reflux on RMC.RMC should prove valuable for following the course of patients with VUR treated surgically or conservatively because of the lower gonadal radiation dose resulting from this technique compared with the conventional radiological metho

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03990.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Duodenal ulcer–does it exist in Australian Aborigines? E. M. Bateson, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 545–547.Analysis of barium meal examinations performed at the Darwin Hospital on 742 non‐Aboriginal patients showed that 82 (11‐5%) had duodenal ulcers.A similar analysis of barium meal examinations performed on 94 Aboriginal patients at the same hospital did not reveal any duodenal ulcers.Aboriginal patients form 22% of the local population and 18% of the hospital admissions.Therefore, it is suggested that duodenal ulcer is an uncommon disease in the Aboriginal population of the Northern Territory of Au

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03991.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Changes in plasma enzyme concentrations following intramuscular injections and gastroscopy. B. Armstrong, B. L Lloyd and N. D. H. Balazs, Aust. N.Z. J. Med., 1976, 6, pp. 548–551.The effects of intramuscular injections on plasma creatine kinase (CK), aspartate amino ‐transferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase concentrations were examined in 19 patients given intramuscular premedication for gastroscopy, and 18 patients given other intramuscular injections. Only CK concentrations showed significant increases which were as high as four times the upper limit of normal, and affected a maximum of 51% of patients at 12 hours after the first injection. Elevated CK concentrations persisted for up to 72 hours, and followed injections of diazepam, various antibiotics, and the combination of a narcotic analgesic with atropine. Gastroscopy did not appear to increase plasma enzyme concentrations in six patients who were given intravenous premedication. The significance of these finclings to the diagnosis of myocardial infarction is discus

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1976.tb03992.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1976

数据来源: WILEY