摘要:

Summary:In 1972, electrocardiograms were recorded on members of the Busselton community and classified according to nine major categories of the Minnesota code. Men showed a higher prevalence of abnormalities than women except for ST depression in 60–69 year old women.Comparisons with the 1959‐60 Tecumseh population revealed a significantly lower prevalence of T waves and tall R waves in Busselton people, and a tendency to fewer abnormal Q waves, abnormal ST segments and ectopic beats in Busselton men. The moderate prevalence of Q waves in Busselton compared with elsewhere is consistent with lower death rates from CVD observed in Busselton men over 60 years compared with urban men in Australia.Concerning the predictive value of including electrocardiography in mass health examinations, Busselton's 1966 ECGs were classified into one of three categories—those with either no evidence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD), with suspect IHD, or with probable IHD. All subjects have since been followed for six years. In those with evidence of suspect IHD, the annual death rates for heart attacks in men and women between 1967‐72 was 7–9 times that of those whose ECG showed no evidence of IHD. Men with probable IHD suffered about 20 times the annual risk and women about 47 times the risk of those whose ECG showed no eviden

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03199.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Detailed autopsy examination of the cardiac conduction system was carried out in 30 patients with and without heart block complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the hearts of another 30 patients who died from non‐cardiac disease were used as controls in the interpretation of the histological changes. Fibrosis of the conduction tissue was prevalent in both the AMI and control patients; and among the AMI patients, appeared to be unrelated to whether there was a conduction defect. Patients with anterior infarcts more commonly had intraventricular block and infarction of the bundle branches with sparing of the proximal conduction tissue. Patients with posterior infarcts were more likely to have atrioventricular (AV) block preceded by Wenckebach phenomenon but necrosis of AV node was relatively uncommon. The His bundle electrogram was a useful clinical investigation and correlated well with the histopathology of the conduction tissue in determining the site of heart bloc

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03200.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A prospective survey of the progression of ventilatory impairment in 56 subjects with mild chronic bronchitis has been carried out over four and a half years. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) declined by the mean annual rate of 0.05 ± 0.06L. This re‐presents a highly significant annual deterioration of ventilatory function (P<0.0005). The rate of decline was not related to the initial level of the FEV1or to the number of exacerbations of bronchitis, but it was related to the age of the subject. As is usual amongst chronic bronchitic patients there was evidence of a mild degree of reversible airway obstruction as measured by response of the FEV1to isoprenaline. The degree of reversible airway obstruction at the beginning of the study was found to be related to the subsequent rate of decline of the FEV1(r = 0.50, P<0.001). Taking this relationship into account, the decline in the FEV1was more marked in smokers than in non and ex‐smokers. Among the smokers the serious rates of decline of the FEV1tended to occur in those with increased degrees of reversible airway obstruction.It is postulated that in chronic bronchitis even a minor degree of reversible airway obstruction may reflect an under‐lying asthmatic tendency. If so some pathogenic mechanism related to asthma may influence the rate of decline of the FEV1in chronic bron

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03201.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:In a study of adult patients with pneumonia in Papua New Guinea, the serum bilirubin was elevated in 45% of 42 bacteremic and 23% of 402 nonbacteremic cases and blood urea was elevated in 55% of bacteremic and 26% of non‐bacteremic episodes. Both abnormalities occurred more frequently in patients with extensive consolidation and neither was related exclusively to pneumococcal infection. Review of available evidence suggests that both prerenal and renal factors are operative in causing elevation of blood urea in pneumonia and that, similarly, elevation of bilirubin is of complex origin resulting from both pre‐hepatic and hepatic dysfunct

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03202.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Mild thrombocytopenia occurred significantly more often in a group of young women who received live attenuated rubella virus vaccine than in their matched controls. All responded serologically to the vaccine, but the thrombocytopenia commenced before circulating rubella antibodies could be detected, suggesting an infective rather than an immunologic mechanism. Thrombocytopenia has been associated with other viral infections; it appears to be also a feature of rubella vaccination. It is interesting to speculate on its incidence in the children and adolescents at present being vaccinated.

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03203.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:The leucocytes of nine children and adolescents with hypogammaglobulinaemia were tested in vitro for histamine release in response to heat‐aggregated humanγ‐globulin. In this system, no histamine release was demonstrable in any of the subjects. Hypogammaglobulinaemic subjects did not differ from controls in their skin reactivity to heat‐aggregated humanγ‐globulin, and the cutaneous response to this material could be blocked by an antihistamine, chlorpheniramine.The results suggest that systemic reactions to aggregatedγ‐globulin in patients with immunological deficiency are unlikely to be mediated by intravascular hista

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03204.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Patient noncompliance in a therapeutic regime, although common, is not widely recognised. It can be detected objectively by such measures as tablet counting, the detection of inert markers or the measurement of levels of the drug or its metabolites in a body fluid, or by the close supervision of drug administration. Of 768 studies published in theBritish Medical JournalandThe Lancetbetween January 1969 and December 1972 in which various effects of drugs are reported, 324 required the incorporation of some means of estimating compliance but in only 61 (19%) were such measures employed.

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03205.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:A review of 63 patients with analgesic abuse, analgesic nephropathy and peptic ulcer is presented. It is suggested that the term “Analgesic Syndrome” be reserved for this combination which is often associated with hyper‐tension, ischaemic heart disease, hypo‐chromic anaemia and psycho‐social disability. The syndrome may present in a variety of forms and the diagnosis will often be missed unless urine testing with Phenistix for salicylates is used as a routine and unless the clinician is aware that patients often deny analgesic abuse. Many patients had taken no phenacetin for several years and the data supports suggestions that aspirin may produce analgesic nephropathy. The peptic ulcer is often gastric, the incidence of complications high, but in only one of the 16 deaths was it an immediate cause which was most often renal failure and ischaemic hear

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03206.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Clinical experience with the use of L‐alpha‐methyldopa hydrazine (Carbidopa), an inhibitor of peripheral decarboxylation of L‐dopa, in the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease in twenty‐six patients is described. Malaise, nausea and vomiting associated with L‐dopa therapy were relieved in most patients. Improved motor function was marked in 25%, moderate in 50% of the patients, while the necessary dosage of L‐dopa was reduced by a mean of 65%. It is concluded that the use of this decarboxylase inhibitor with L‐dopa significantly improves the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease, particularly in those patients in whom L‐dopa dosage is limited by nau

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03207.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary:Thyroid structure and function have been simultaneously assessed using99mTc‐pertechnetate and a gamma camera in an initial ‘pilot’ study using 83 patients and a subsequent study of 512 patients.The morphology of the gland shown by this technique has been compared with rectilinear scans using both99mTc and131I. The results show that gamma camera scintiphotos with99mTc provide superior delineation of thyroid structure compared with the rectilinear scanner using either99mTc or131I.Thyroid function assessed by99mTc uptake at 40 minutes and measured with the gamma camera has been compared with 3 hr and 24 hr131I uptakes and also with biochemical estimations of total thyroxine, thyro‐binding index and free thyroxine index. The99mTc uptake was shown to be unreliable in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism, but it is as reliable as131I uptakes in the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism. Visualisation of gland structure is always necessary, for the99mTc uptake is less reliable in nodular goitres than in diffuse goitres. The currently available measurements of circulating thyroid hormone are more accurate than uptake measurements in the assessment of thyroid f

ISSN:0004-8291    

DOI:10.1111/j.1445-5994.1974.tb03208.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1974

数据来源: WILEY