摘要:

Ultrasonography has provided an easy and effective method for evaluating the infertile female patient. With this imaging modality, especially transvagi-nal ultrasonography (TVS), ovulation can be readily documented, timed postcoi-tal tests and endometrial biopsies can be more accurately performed, and evaluation of the fallopian tube patency can be undertaken. Visualization of the upper reproductive tract, such as the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes, without the use of more invasive procedures, provides an earlier clue to some infertility pathology. Finally, TVS offers early assessment of pregnancy outcome with the diagnosis of a normal singleton, multiple, ectopic, or abnormal intrauterine pregnancy. The use of ultrasound in assisted reproductive technology (ART), and in vitro fertilization (IVF) and gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), provides an easier method of retrieving eggs from the ovaries and possibly transferring gametes into the tubes without surgery. This review will approach the subject of ultrasound and infertility from a different perspective. Rather than using the traditional organ system approach, we have organized this article to demonstrate the use of TVS in the evaluation or work-up of the infertile couple, followed by treatment, and finally the follow-up of treatment success or failure.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

When detected by prenatal ultrasound, most fetal facial anomalies are found in association with other fetal anomalies, polyhydramnios, a known or subsequently proven chromosomal defect, maternal teratogen exposure, or a family history of a craniofacial abnormality. Using coronal, sagittal and axial scan planes, diagnostic images of the fetal face can be obtained in a significant majority of obstetrical ultrasound studies. While routine prenatal imaging of the fetal face is not recommended as a component of every obstetrical ultrasound examination, expertise in facial scanning should be acquired for the scanning of high risk pregnancies.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID