ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Despite the availability and use of ultrasonography for thyroid diseases over the course of more than two decades, physicians and surgeons still consider scintigraphy as the most important imaging technique for the thyroid. This article demonstrates to radiologists and sonographers who are not confident in the use of ultrasonography of this region what to do, which specific diagnostic features of the nodular pathologies of the thyroid should be elicited, and how these add up to histologic diagnosis. Furthermore, diseases are grouped into simple but relevant clinical management categories that should prevent unnecessary surgery of benign lesions.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Sonographic examination of the renal vasculature provides considerable information that can be used in the assessment of conditions as varied as renal artery stenosis and tumor thrombus involvement of renal veins. Although extrarenal and intrarenal Doppler criteria in renal artery stenosis diagnosis are controversial, the role of sonography in renal tumor and renal vein assessment is straightforward. Imaging renal morphology and vasculature is also useful in infection and, to a certain extent, in obstruction. Techniques of examination are briefly reviewed, as is renal vascular anatomy. The role of recent advances, such as echo enhancers, is also outlined.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:We used transvaginal sonography to scan 1,235 pregnant women in the first trimester and detected umbilical cord cysts in four patients. The risk for fetal malformation or abnormal karyotype associated with small, smooth umbilical cord cysts of regular contour that disappear during the first trimester seems to be low. Large, irregular cysts that persist into the second trimester or beyond have a higher risk for association with abnormal karyotype and fetal anomalies.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:The marked improvements in transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) imaging of the prostate in the last 15 years has allowed broad applications of interventional techniques for both benign and malignant diseases. Techniques developed for prostate biopsy by both transperineal and transrectal routes initiated the methodology for other therapeutic options. For benign disease, balloon dilatation was also performed by TRUS guidance rather than digital guidance or fluoroscopy. Transrectal ultrasound guidance initiated the first use of interstitial laser ablation and led to the development of current laser techniques for transurethral resection. Other benign applications for TRUS monitoring have included microwave for benign prostatic hypertrophy and drainage and injection techniques for perirectal, prostatic, and deep pelvic abscess drainage and treatment. Transrectal ultrasound guidance for treatment of prostate cancer primarily involves guidance of I125implantation (or brachytherapy) and cryotherapy. Both of these techniques represent significant options for current and future prostate cancer treatments. Thorough TRUS evaluation remains the impetus for the evolution of new interventional techniques and evaluation of their outcomes.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Summary:Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in both men and women. Although the mortality rates from cardiovascular disease had been decreasing among men in America, there has been an increase among women. Early detection of atherosclerotic disease is the cornerstone of treatment and will likely result in a decrease in mortality rates in women. Noninvasive strategies will result in optimal disease detection and will stratify women into groups requiring a more aggressive therapeutic approach versus medical management. Additionally, preventative therapy with hormone replacement in women experiencing postmenopause may require an initial diagnostic assessment of coronary disease before treatment is initiated. This review evaluates the current noninvasive testing available, including exercise electrocardiography, stress nuclear myocardial perfusion imaging, and stress echocardiography.

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0894-8771    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2000

数据来源: OVID