摘要:

Circadian rhythms of running wheel activity under the ambient temperatures of 25, 16, and 30°C were examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Temperature coefficients of activity rhythms measured under constant light were 0.995 in SHR and 1.005 in WKY. Ultradian patterns of activity rhythm were observed at 30 °C in 3 WKY actograms of 10. Rectal temperature rhythms were recorded at 6, 25, 30°C on days 1,4, 11 and 25 during the light-dark cycle in both groups. During running wheel activity, rectal temperature was intermittently measured. In both groups, the range was greater at 30°C on day 25, though the 24-hour mean rectal temperature was not changed. At 6°C, on the same day, 24-hour mean rectal temperature was decreased in SHR and increased in WKY. These results could indicate that the controlling systems of the circadian rhythm of activity and body temperature are different in SHR and WKY in warm and cold environm

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157450

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The psychiatric profiles of 40 women with early breast cancer (experimental sample) and a control sample of 40 women with other medical conditions (medical sample) were examined over a 6-month period. The breast cancer patients had a significantly higher affective reaction than patients with other medical conditions. They were also considerably less likely to have received adequate information about their illness. The underlying sociocultural factors are discussed. Means to promote communication between physicians and cancer sufferers are suggested. The need for an oncology liaison psychiatric service is emphasized.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157451

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Alterations of trace element concentrations in plasma and liver tissues in four groups of animals were investigated: group A, septic animals treated with superoxide dismutase; group B, septic animals treated with allopurinol; group C, control septic animals without treatment, and group D, nonseptic control animals. Septicemia was achieved by intraperitoneal capsule placement of a mixture of Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis. On the 3rd day after bacterial challenge, surviving animals were sacrified. The mortality rate during the first 3 days were group A, 78%, group B, 54%, group C, 63%, and group D, 0%. Plasma zinc decreased significantly in groups A and C, but was normal in group B. There was a significant decrease in liver zinc content in groups A, B, and C when compared with control, group D; similar changes occurred in liver copper content. Liver selenium content was significantly increased in group B. In conclusion, a dramatic depletion of zinc and copper was found in liver tissue and plasma during septicemia. However, animals treated with allopurinol showed significantly fewer changes. It was concluded that free radical formation could be an important factor during infection and that xanthine oxidase inhibitors have a protective effect, reflected in lower mortality rates.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157452

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of a reduction in maternal perfusate flow on maternal-fetal transport of urea and antipyrine has been investigated in vitro using the isolated human placental lobule. The protocol was so designed that the same lobule served as its own control for the study. On reducing the maternal perfusate flow to about half of the control value, mimicking a ‘toxemia’ situation, urea transport rose significantly to about twice the control level while antipyrine transport remained unchanged. The high urea transport in the simulated toxemia model is in accord with data obtained earlier from preeclamptic pregnanc

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157453

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

All eligible patients hospitalized in the orthopedic hospital in Kuwait during July 1990 (n = 79) were interviewed about their pain and its management. The nurse responsible for the primary care of the patient was also interviewed. Patients and their nurses rated independently how much pain the patient was currently experiencing, and had experienced at specified times, using a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS). Only a third of the patients reported being without pain when interviewed; a quarter reported having experienced extreme pain during the preceding 24 h, and three quarters reported pain during hospitalization. Nurses provided consistently lower pain estimates than their patients. Among the issues discussed are: the prevalence of pain found, the generality of the findings and their implications for pain management, reported reactions to uncontrolled pain, nurses’ assessment of the addiction risks of using opiates to manage postsurgery pain and possible reasons for discordant VAS ratings by nurses and patient

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157454

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

It is generally agreed that the coverage of the vital events of births and deaths is fairly complete in Kuwait where 99% of all births and 65% of all deaths occur in a hospital. However, some items of the notifications have a very large number of missing data. On the birth notification, the items that are most often poorly recorded are medical complications, prenatal visits and length of gestation. On the death notification, information on sociodemographic features of the deceased’s parents is missing in approximately 90% of the cases, although the cause of death is completely reported. A majority of the items on the fetal death notification have more than 20% of the information missing. A comparison of notification items with matching information obtained from a survey of mothers indicates a relatively high level of reliability for several items. The need for improvement in data quality is highlighted, and suggestions to reduce the level of missing data are offere

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157455

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Platypnea is a rare symptom in which, as opposed to orthopnea, dyspnea occurs in the sitting position and is relieved when the patient lies down. It has been reported in patients with severe obstructive emphysema, vascular shunt and following recovery from adult respiratory distress syndrome or pneumonectomy. Described here is a patient with thymic tumor in whom platypnea and orthodeoxia were noted and in whom both disappeared postoperatively.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157456

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serum urate levels were studied in 18 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and in 36 controls (group 2) matched for age, sex, nationality and blood pressure. These two groups were compared with general surgical inpatients (group 3). The prevalence of hyperuricemia was markedly higher in the pHPT patient group (especially for men) than in the other two groups [44,17 and 9%, respectively; p < 0.05 and < 0.001]. The prevalence of hypertension was markedly higher in the pHPT patient group (66.7%) than in the surgical inpatients [15%; p < 0.0001]. Five of the 9 male patients had both hypertension and hyperuricemia, the pathogenesis of which may be related to the action of hypercalcemia on renal functions. As the prevalence of hypertension and hyperuricemia were markedly higher than previously noted, it is suggested that more attention should be paid to blood pressure, serum urate and renal function in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, in order to improve diagnosis and therapy.

ISSN:1011-7571    

DOI:10.1159/000157457

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger