摘要:

SUMMARYThe radioisotope kidney scan, using Hg197chlormerodrin, has been studied in 120 patients. The properties of the isotope and the technique of the scan are described. Four groups of patients are evaluated: (1) with normal kidney function, (2) with space‐occupying lesions, (3) with unilateral kidney disease, and (4) with uræmia. The findings in each group are discussed.It is concluded that the information obtained from a kidney scan in respect of size, shape, and pathology adds little to that obtained from other urological investigative techniques. However, the kidney scan appears to be of particular value as a measure of functioning renal tissue and this aspect merits further study by more recently developed isotopic methods.We wish to thank Professor Ralph Shackman for permission to study these patients who were under his care. We are indebted to the Department of Medical Physics, Hammersmith Hospital, for their guidance and help and to Mrs J. Stiles, Miss G. Thompson and Miss M. Gallagher for technical assistance. This work was supported in part by a grant from the Medical Research Counc

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11782.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYExperimental studies of renal blood flow have been made with radio‐Hippuran I125using isolated perfused canine kidneys. These studies were made in two groups. First, the renogram curve was analysed by applying theoretical equations and it was shown that quantitative values could be obtained for the effective renal blood flow. In the second group of experiments the analysis of the rate of disappearance of the isotope from the blood showed a definite relationship with directly measured renal blood flow, but this could not be resolved into a quantitative value.The authors' thanks are due to Professor Ralph Shackman for his encouragement and guidance in this work, to Mr E. Gains and his technical staff for their help, to the Department of Photography and Medical Illustration of the Post‐graduate School for their assistance in drawing of the charts, and to Mr Ole Kalnaes, Radiofysisk laboratorium, Arhus Kommunehospital, for his help with mathematical equations.The expenses incurred in these experiments were defrayed by a grant to one of us (A. E. K.) from the Medical Research Coun

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11783.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo patients are discussed who presented with anuria. The azotremia returned to normal after a unilateral nephrostomy and the patients went home. At a later date (86 and 348 days) the obstruction in the other kidney was relieved and the normal secretion of urine was resumed.The dangers of prolonged ureteric obstruction and the necessity of re‐establishing drainage of urine even at a late stage are discussed in relation to experiments with animals and in clinical practice.I would like to thank the staff of the Regional Urological Centre at Sefton General Hospital, Liverpool, for their help in carrying out the renograms; the Liverpool Radium Institute Isotope Department for assistance in the supply of radioactive hippuran; also Mr E. C. Edwards for permission to publish details about his patient (G. W.). I am especially grateful to Mr Cosbie Ross for assistance in preparing this paper and permission to describe his patient (R. L.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11784.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11785.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThree uncommon bladder lesions are reported. The first case showed early malignancy arising from multicentric follicular, cystic, and glandular cystitis. The second case showed a field change of similar proliferative changes,carcinoma in situ, early alveolar and polypoidal carcinomas. The multicentric alveolar carcinoma appeared to have arisen from Brunn's nests. The third case represented what is believed to be the first recorded example of a true adenoma of the bladder, composed of epithelial elements identical to those seen in follicular and cystic cystitis. Hence all three lesions support the thesis that, in the bladder as elsewhere, hyperplasia may lead to neoplasia.

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11786.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPreliminary investigations on sixty‐four dogs and five human paraplegics in the past three years have led to the location of neural trigger points, which in the human were found to be the third and fourth sacral nerves at their exit from the sacral foramina anteriorly. Successful voiding was induced with reproducible results for four to five months using an electrical current about 80 to 100 times smaller than the one used for stimulation of the muscle directly.An interesting by‐product of this chronic stimulation led to the discovery of a neural trigger point which, when stimulated, causes immediate and sustained erection of the penis in paraplegic patients. We plan to try our methods in cases of impotence caused by a nerve lesion proximal to the point of electrical nerve excitation.The present work consists mainly in improving our surgical approach in the human and designing electrodes of special configuration with material well insulated. The electronic exciting mechanism is also being developed in miniature size for prolonged use. Special precautions are being developed to minimise as much as possible the inflammatory reaction of nerve tissue to the electro

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11787.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11788.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1967.tb11789.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1967

数据来源: WILEY