摘要:

Summary—In a randomised clinical trial of 100 consecutive patients treated by transurethral prostatectomy, half were given prophylactic intravenous mezlocillin. Blood cultures were obtained, the urine examined and the post‐operative progress of each patient was carefully followed.The results were analysed and a high incidence of bacteraemia and septicaemia was found. Single‐dose prophylactic mezlocillin was highly effective in preventing this complication.The presentation of septicaemia in mild and severe form is described and the aetiology discussed. Probable risk factors are identified and prophylactic and therapeutic measures desc

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08983.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—An immunocytochemical method to localise prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) in paraffin sections was used to establish the prostatic origin of both primary and metastatic tumours.The specificity of the technique was confirmed in 65 known primary (63 PSA‐positive) and 17 metastatic prostatic carcinomas (16 PSA‐positive). Thirteen non‐prostatic primary carcinomas and a series of benign proliferative and malignant conditions which might be considered in the morphological differential diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma were PSA‐negative.The technique has now been applied diagnostically to tumour tissue resected from 21 patients. These neoplasms of the base and neck of the bladder could not be categorised as prostatic or urothelial in origin by clinical and endoscopic assessment or by conventional histopathology. In 11 patients such tumours were PSA‐positive, indicating a prostatic origin. In two further patients, the prostatic origin of lymph node secondaries was confirmed in the absence of a clinically apparent primary. The technique is a valuable adjunct to conventional h

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08984.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—The 21 gauge Surecut® needle is a fine needle system providing regular tissue cores for histological evaluation. Using the Franzén needle sheath, transrectal biopsies were performed on 13 patients and a tissue core obtained in 12 cases.Ultrasonically guided transperineal biopsies were performed on 14 patients and a tissue core was obtained in 13 cases. It is concluded that the 21 gauge Surecut® needle is able to yield histological material for prostatic diagn

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08985.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Endoscopic diathermy incision of the bladder neck was carried out as a routine procedure in 131 consecutive male patients with an established diagnosis of functional bladder neck obstruction. Follow‐up after 3 months revealed excellent symptomatic and urodynamic results. Morbidity was low and the post‐operative stay in hospital short (median 2 days). Patients must be informed of the risk of retrograde ejaculation associated with the procedure and objective evidence of the diagnosis is esse

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08986.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Six patients with Huntington's chorea (5 females, 1 male) underwent neurourological evaluation because of urological complaints, usually incontinence. Four patients had detrusor hyperreflexia with a normal sphincter and two patients had a normal study, suggesting that their incontinence might be non‐organic. A characteristic urodynamic pattern, not previously described, was observed, consisting of choreiform contractions of the abdominal perineal floor muscles during filling with selective suppression of choreiform contractions in the perineum during detrusor contract

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08987.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—In five women with urinary retention, recordings from the striated muscle of the urethral sphincter revealed highly abnormal electromyographic (EMG) activity. Using a concentric needle electrode, recordings revealed very striking bursts of activity, referred to here as decelerating burst (DB) and complex repetitive discharges (CRD). Such EMG activity is exceedingly unusual in skeletal striated muscle and resembles most closely the rarely encountered condition of “pseudomyotonia”.We suggest that this abnormal activity is associated with a failure of relaxation of the striated muscle of the urethral sphincter, which results in chronic rete

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08988.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—A series of 46 children treated by the author since January 1972 for congenital posterior urethral valves is presented: 22% were diagnosed at birth, 28% as neonates and 52% in the first 3 months of life.Ninety‐three per cent had unilateral or bilateral dilatation of the upper urinary tract at the time the valves were diagnosed and 72% had ureteric reflux. Unilateral reflux occurred into the left ureter twice as often as the right. Renal failure was present at the time of diagnosis in 72% of all of the children but in 83% of those aged less than 3 months.Surface urinary diversion was used minimally during post‐operative management and contributed little to the recovery of renal function. Reflux disappeared spontaneously in one‐third of the refluxing ureters. Ureteric dilatation subsided spontaneously in 57% of dilated ureters. Surgery was performed mostly for reflux. Non‐refluxing ureteric dilatation was made worse by surgery in a few instances and in others the dilatation improved with time rather than as a result of surgery.Renal function returned to normal in over 60% of the children who were in renal failure at diagnosis. Measurement of glomerular filtration rate was the most accurate method of predicting recovery of renal function: a value of less than 50% of normal for age at the time of diagnosis forecast persistent chronic renal failure with all its attendant comp

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08989.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—Forty‐six patients, 28 females and 18 males, underwent periurethral or perurethral Teflon injection. The results in females were satisfactory, especially where resting anatomy was normal. Male results were disappointing, no patients with post‐prostatectomy stress incontinence being

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08990.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08991.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Summary—After an epidemic of severe urethral strictures in cardiac surgery patients, all brands of latex catheters marketed in Finland were investigated for cellular toxicity with eluates made from the catheters. Four of the seven brands, including the one involved in the stricture cases, showed marked cytotoxicity and inhibited almost all cell growth in various human cell cultures when a 30% catheter eluate was used. DNA histograms of cells cultured with toxic catheter eluate showed inhibition of DNA synthesis. Silicone catheters did not influence cell growth, which correlates with the finding that no new stricture cases were seen after the latex catheters were replaced with silicone ones. Attention is paid to the facts that international standards regarding urethral catheter toxicity are lacking and that catheter quality control is insufficien

ISSN:0007-1331    

DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1985.tb08992.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY